CZTS / CdS / ZnO / ITO solar cell was studied using Solar Cell Capacitance Simulato-1D (SCAPS-1D) program. We performed an improvement on the theoretical cell by increasing the doping and thickness of some layers. As a result, the efficiency was shifted from 2.18% to 6.17% and several back reflection layers (BSL) were introduced on the enhanced cell until. We obtained a highest conversion efficiency of 13.99%.  The best reflection layer (CZTSSe) was combined with the best buffer layer (CdSe), with thickness of 0.9µm, on the enhanced cell. Thereby, we obtained a cell with a conversion efficiency of 16.53%. A second improvement was made to the best obtained cell, where the CZTSSe with thickness of 0.05µm and the CdSe with thickness

This research has presented a solution to the problem faced by alloys: the corrosion problem, by reducing corrosion and enhancing protection by using an inhibitor (Schiff base). The inhibitor (Schiff base) was synthesized by reacting of the substrates materials (4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and 4-aminoantipyrine). It was diagnosed by infrared technology IR, where the IR spectrum and through the visible beams proved that the Schiff base was well formed and with high purity. The corrosion behavior of carbon steel and stainless steel in a saline medium (artificial seawater 3.5%NaCl) before and after using the inhibitor at four temperatures: 20, 30, 40, and 50 C° was studied by using three electrodes potentiostat. The corrosion behavior was

The objective of this study was to establish an accurate, precise, sensitive, simple, fast and reliable method for the determination of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in pure or in pharmaceutical dosage forms using Homemade instrument fluorimeter continuous flow injection analyser with solid state laser (405 nm) as a source. The method is based upon the fluorescence fluorescein sodium salt and its quenching by ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in aqueous medium. The solutions of standard and the sample were prepared in distilled water. The calibration graph was linear in the concentration range of using (10 - 100) mMol.L-1 ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (r= 0.9891) with relative standard deviation (RSD%) for 3 mMol.L-1 ciprofloxacin HCl solution is

Three Seismic Attributes are used to enhance or delineate geologic feature that cannot be detected within seismic resolution limit. These are Instantaneous Amplitude, Instantaneous Phase and Instantaneous Frequency Attributes. These are applied along two defined picked surface horizons within 3D seismic data for an area in southern Iraq. Two geologic features are deduced, the first represents complex channel system at the top of Saadi Formation and the second represents submarine fan within Mishrif Formation. The semblances of these ancient geological features are dramatically enhanced by using flattening technique.

In this work, functionally graded materials were synthesized by centrifugal technique at different
volume fractions 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2% Vf with a rotation speed of 1200 rpm and a constant rotation time, T
= 6 min . The mechanical properties were characterized to study the graded and non-graded nanocomposites
and the pure epoxy material. The mechanical tests showed that graded and non-graded added alumina
(Al2O3) nanoparticles enhanced the effect more than pure epoxy. The maximum difference in impact strength
occurred at (FGM), which was loaded from the rich side of the nano-alumina where the maximum value was
at 1% Vf by 133.33% of the sample epoxy side. The flexural strength and Young modulus of the fu

     In this study, carbon nanotubes were prepared using a pure chemical method modified similar to the Hummers method with simple changes in the work steps. The carbon nanotubes were then coated and reduced on copper and aluminum metals using the electrodeposition method (EDP) for corrosion protection application in seawater medium (NaCl 3.5%) at four different temperatures: 20, 30, 40, and 50 °C, which were studied using three electrode potentiostats. All corrosion measurements, thermodynamics, and kinetics parameters were nominated from Tafel plots. The films deposited by the carbon nanotubes were examined by the SEM technique, and this technique showed the formation of carbon nanotubes.

Panax ginseng (PG), one of the most widely used herbal medicines, has demonstrated various beneficial effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer impacts. Naturally occurring ginsenosides in the ginseng plant inhibit cell proliferation and significantly reduce liver damage induced by certain chemicals. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a primary mycotoxin due to its hepatotoxic, immunotoxic, and oncogenic effects in animal models and humans. In this study, we examined the effects of assorted doses of PG aqueous crude extract on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 7 (MMP-1 and MMP-7) in the kidney, spleen, and liver of experimental AFB1-exposed mice, using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Mice were orally administered

The personal drama in particular, and one of the key elements underlying the dramatic structure to convey ideas and visions presented by the author when writing the text of the dramatic fall after that on the way out the submission form that suits the proposals of the text and processors directorial would push the wheel of dramatic structure to the front. So take the maker of the artwork (writer) undertook the transfer of those events and personalities in art presumed sometimes real and sometimes, in order to enrich the art inspired by the human reality through the ages, and full of its themes and ideas that led to the development experiences of peoples experiences of living. Therefore, we find it important to research in the characters

The wastewater arising from pulp and paper mills is highly polluted and has to be treated before discharged into rivers. Coagulation-flocculation process using natural polymers has grown rapidly in wastewater treatment. In this work, the performance of alum and Polyaluminum Chloride (PACl) when used alone and when coupled with Fenugreek mucilage on the treatment of pulp and paper mill wastewater were studied. The experiments were carried out in jar tests with alum, PACl and Fenugreek mucilage dosages range of 50-2000 mg/L, rapid mixing at 200 rpm for 2 min, followed by slow mixing at 40 rpm for 15 min and settling time of 30 min. The effectiveness of Fenugreek mucilage was measured by the reduction of turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand