Sustainability including renewable energy and green power, is one of the important feature in recent years due to environmental constraints and the emission of CO2 from fossil fuel. Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) process is considered one of the effective technology for power generation. This study assessed the application of pressure retarded osmosis to produce power from Tigris River water in Baghdad City, Iraq. Spiral wound TFC membrane was tested in the PRO process with different variables. The effect of different types of draw solutions (MgCl2, NaCl, Sodium Formate, KCl, Sodium Acetate), applied pressure (0 – 7 bar), and draw solution concentration (0.08 and 0.4 M) were tested in this work. The flux, recovery, and power density for

This research explores the preparation of polypyrrole (PPy) using chemical oxidation and its enhancement with graphene oxide (GO) for optical sensor applications. PPy was synthesized by polymerizing pyrrole monomers with ferric chloride (Fe2Cl3) as the oxidant. The resulting PPy was then combined with GO to form a composite material, aiming to improve its electrical and optical properties. Polypyrrole nanofibers were obtained and after adding graphene oxide, the sensitivity increased. Characterization techniques including UV-Vis spectroscopy, DC conductivity measurements, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and response of photocurrent analysis were employed. The incorporation of GO into PPy resulted in a significant reducti

Quality control is an effective statistical tool in the field of controlling the productivity to monitor and confirm the manufactured products to the standard qualities and the certified criteria for some products and services and its main purpose is to cope with the production and industrial development in the business and competitive market. Quality control charts are used to monitor the qualitative properties of the production procedures in addition to detecting the abnormal deviations in the production procedure. The multivariate Kernel Density Estimator control charts method was used which is one of the nonparametric methods that doesn’t require any assumptions regarding the distribution o

The main aim of this paper is studied the punching shear and behavior of reinforced concrete slabs exposed to fires, the possibility of punching shear failure occurred as a result of the fires and their inability to withstand the loads. Simulation by finite element analysis is made to predict the type of failure, distribution temperature through the thickness of the slabs, deformation and punching strength. Nonlinear finite element transient thermal-structural analysis at fire conditions are analyzed by ANSYS package. The validity of the modeling is performed for the mechanical and thermal properties of materials from earlier works from literature to decrea

   The main focus of this research is to examine the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) and the methods used to solve this problem where this problem is considered as one of the combinatorial optimization problems which met wide publicity and attention from the researches for to it's simple formulation and important applications and engagement to the rest of combinatorial problems , which is based on finding the optimal path through known number of cities where the salesman visits each city only once before returning to the city of departure n this research , the benefits  of( FMOLP)   algorithm is employed as one of the best methods to solve the (TSP) problem and the application of the algorithm in conjun

In this paper, we build a fuzzy classification system for classifying the nutritional status of children under 5 years old in Iraq using the Mamdani method based on input variables such as weight and height to determine the nutritional status of the child. Also, Classifying the nutritional status faces a difficult challenge in the medical field due to uncertainty and ambiguity in the variables and attributes that determine the categories of nutritional status for children, which are relied upon in medical diagnosis to determine the types of malnutrition problems and identify the categories or groups suffering from malnutrition to determine the risks faced by each group or category of children. Malnutrition in children is one of the most

This research utilized natural asphalt (NA) deposits from sulfur springs in western Iraq. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of an asphalt mixture incorporating NA and verify its suitability for local pavement applications. To achieve this, a combination of two types of NA, namely soft SNA and hard HNA, was blended to create a binder known as Type HSNA. The resulting HSNA exhibited a penetration grade that adhered to Iraqi specifications. Various percentages of NA (20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%) were added to petroleum asphalt. The findings revealed enhanced physical properties of HSNA, which also satisfied the requirements outlined in the Iraqi specifications for asphalt cement. Consequently, HSNA can serve as an

Seepage through earth dams is one of the most popular causes for earth dam collapse due to internal granule movement and seepage transfer. In earthen dams, the core plays a vital function in decreasing seepage through the dam body and lowering the phreatic line. In this research, an alternative soil to the clay soil used in the dam core has been proposed by conducting multiple experiments to test the permeability of silty and sandy soil with different additives materials. Then the selected sandy soil model was used to represent the dam experimentally, employing a permeability device to measure the amount of water that seeps through the dam's body and to represent the seepage line. A numerical model was adopted using Geo-Studio software i