يهدف البحث الى تحليل الخيارات الاستراتيجية للاقتراض الخارجي في العراق لاستشراف افضل الخيارات الاستراتيجية المستقبلية في مجال الاقتراض الخارجي في دائرة الدين العام في وزارة المالية ، وقد استخدم الباحث منهج دراسة الحالة وباستعمال اسلوب تحليل خوارزمية ال K-Means لتشخيص كفاءة الاقتراض الخارجي لعينة البحث البالغة (81) قرضا التي اقترضتها وزارة المالية للفترة 2007-2020 . ولقد كان الغرض الرئيسي للبحث المساهمة في تمكين وزارة المالية من تحديد الخيارات الامثل للاقتراض الخارجي مستقبلا والمبني على اساس معياري الكلفة والتمايز من بين ثلاثة انواع من القروض حسب الجهة المقرضة (الثنائية ، متعددة الاطراف ، التجارية).وكانت ابرز النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة هي مدى أهمية التصنيف الائتماني للعراق في تحديد اسعار الفائدة ومدة القرض واثر ذلك على تحديد الخيار الاستراتيجي. وان القروض التجارية في اغلب الاحيان تكون ذات كلف اجمالية عالية بالرغم من فترة السداد القصيرة وهذا يجعلها الاسوأ من حيث قيادة الكلفة والتمايز على عكس القروض الثنائية التي كانت في الغالب الاقل كلفة والاكثر تمايزا. وتحديدا في القروض الثنائية لتمويل المشاريع كما كانت القروض النقدية متعددة الاطراف ذات كلفة اقل وتمايز اكثر.
Interleukin-38 (IL-38), an inflammatory cytokine discovered in recent years, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). IL-38 is encoded by the
Biodiesel production from microalgae depends on the biomass and lipid production. Both biomass and lipid accumulation is controlled by several factors. The effect of various culture media (BG11, BBM, and Urea), nutrients stress [nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), magnesium (Mg) and carbonate (CO3)] and gamma (γ) radiation on the growth and lipid accumulation of Dictyochloropsis splendida were investigated. The highest biomass and lipid yield of D. splendida were achieved on BG11 medium. Cultivation of D. splendida in a medium containing 3000 mg L−1 N, or 160 mg L−1 P, or 113 mg L−1 Mg, or 20 mg L-1 CO3, led to enhanced growth rate. While u
... Show MoreSegmented regression consists of several sections separated by different points of membership, showing the heterogeneity arising from the process of separating the segments within the research sample. This research is concerned with estimating the location of the change point between segments and estimating model parameters, and proposing a robust estimation method and compare it with some other methods that used in the segmented regression. One of the traditional methods (Muggeo method) has been used to find the maximum likelihood estimator in an iterative approach for the model and the change point as well. Moreover, a robust estimation method (IRW method) has used which depends on the use of the robust M-estimator technique in
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Research aims : The aim of the research is to evaluate the reality of the inspection teams' work in the health institutions belonging to Dhi-Qar health office .
Purpose: This research seeks to present a point of view based on knowing the extent of health service quality in Dhi-Qar governorate and discover the role of the inspection teams in enhancing the health service.
Design / Methodology/ Approach: The experimental method has been used and the questionnaire has also been used to collect data in order to develop a reliable and correct measurement model for the research's variables . The research's hypotheses have been tested through using some statistical treat
... Show MoreThis study was designed to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of ginger Zingiber officinale Roscoe on the histology of corpus luteum and the concentration of the hormones progesterone and estrogen during the first trimester of pregnancy (0 - 7) days from fertilization. 30 pregnant mice were divided into five experimental groups: control group (administrated with distilled water), and four groups treated at doses (284, 568, 1136,1420 mg / kg), orally administrated , daily with (0.1 ml). Microscopic examination results have shown histopathological changes in corpus luteum included: Pyknosis in some nuclei of granulosa cells, Karyorrhexis, Karyolysis in some granulosa cells, and necrosis in corpus luteum, with additional significant dec
... Show MoreThe present study discusses the names of the Day of Resurrection in Uri Rubin’s translations of the Holy Qur’an. To identify the translation difficulties and complications and to find out the Hebrew equivalence, the study, through the application of a comparative analytical approach, aims at analyzing the linguistic structures of Day of Resurrection names cited in the Holy Qur’an. Heavenly religions are rich with distinct and unique terms that distinguish and reflect their specificity of other religions; something requires a great accuracy in the translation of such terminology. By investigating selected examples of the names of the Day of Resurrection in Arabic and Hebrew, the present study sheds light on the morphological and semant
... Show MoreThe study aimed to clarify the meanings learned and inferred from reading books، letters and messages in Surat Al-Qur’an. The inductive method، the analytical method، and the deductive method، One of the most prominent results of the research: that the multiplicity of Qur’anic readings produces a variety and expansion in the meaning that has a clear impact on the interpretation by clarifying the meaning of the verse.
The research aims to measure the relationship and the impact of knowledge management processes to achieve the performance of insurance service, as well as analysis of the reality of the National Insurance Company to identify the level of overall performance, and to achieve this goal, it has been the selection of knowledge management processes according to the survey prepared a supplement to the study (Qubaisi, 2002), and of the four operations (knowledge generation, and storage of knowledge, and the distribution of knowledge, and application of knowledge), which represented the independent variable, and the performance has been the use of quantitative and qualitative measures, (sales growth, customer satisfaction), which represented the
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