This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of laser lithotripsy and pneumatic lithotripsy, the two most commonly used transurethral lithotripsy methods for treating bladder stones in children in Iraq. Between January 2013 and December 2016, 64 children with bladder stones were included in this prospective randomized study, after ethical committee approval and written consent from the children’s parents or caregivers were obtained. Patients were assigned randomly by computer software to two groups treated with either pneumatic cystolithotripsy or laser lithotripsy. A 9 Fr. semirigid ureteroscope was used to pass the lithotripter through and fragment the stone. A catheter of 8–12 Fr. was then introduced and kept in place

 A simulation study is used to examine the robustness of some estimators on a multiple linear regression model with problems of multicollinearity and non-normal errors, the Ordinary least Squares (LS) ,Ridge Regression, Ridge Least Absolute Value (RLAV), Weighted Ridge (WRID), MM and a robust ridge regression estimator MM estimator, which denoted as RMM this is the modification of the Ridge regression by incorporating robust MM estimator . finialy, we show that RMM is the best among the other estimators

The construction sector consumes large amounts of energy during the lifetime of a building. This consumption starts with manufacturing and transferring building materials to the sites and demolishing this building after a long time of occupying it. The topic of energy conservation and finding the solution inside the building spaces become an important and urgent necessity. It is known that the roof is exposed to a high amount of thermal loads compared to other elements in a building envelope, so this needs some solutions and treatments to control the flow of the heat through them. These solutions and treatments may be achieved by using nanomaterials. Recently, nanomaterials have high properties, so that this made them go

 Abstract

Investment in the human resource has become an important part of the strategies of educational organizations so that they can be competitive, so that the access of academics in universities to the international awards as a result of their research excellence indicates the effectiveness of this human talent so the interest has emerged in the implementation of a strategy to manage these human talent in organizations in general and educational ones In particular as one of the power sources  that can not be imitated. The focus of the organization on the interaction between the working people has increased attention to the human element in order to achieve the desired quality levels, which called for organi

The effects of essential oilNigella sativa and Menthawas study on the chemical, microbial and sensory properties for soft white cheese that produced from it during storage at 0, 7 and 14 days .The results show significantly percent decrease in moisture for all samplesand maximum decrease was at the latest storage period for all them .The reduced in moisture was accompanied with increase in percentage of protein and fat during of storage period for all samples.
The control sample showed increased in bacterial logarithmic for total count bacterial, coliform, Staphylococcus aureus, proteolytic bacteria, lipolytic bacteria and mold and yeasts during of storage period , the highest results showed at the latest storage period 14days, it w

the most important purposes and uses of the test results in the educational sector. This is because the quality of tests is related to their ability to predict the learner's behavior in the future, and the accuracy of the educational and administrative decisions that are taken in light of their results. The study aimed accordingly to reveal the predictive ability of the university Grade Point Average (GPA) in the Score of the specialized test for the position of teacher in the Ministry of Education in the Sultanate of Oman. It further aimed to investigate the differences in the predictive ability according to the specialization and academic year using the descriptive approach. The sample of the study consisted of (349) s/he students enro

The present work represents a theoretical study for the correction of spherical aberration of an immersion lens of axial symmetry operating under the effect of space charge, represented by a second order function and preassigned magnification conditions in a focusing of high current ion beams. The space charge depends strongly on the value of the ionic beam current which is found to be very effective and represents an important factor effecting the value of spherical aberration .The distribution of the space charge was measured from knowing it's density .It is effect on the trajectory of the ion beam was studied. To obtain the trajectories of the charged particles which satisfy the preassined potential the axial electrostatic potential w

Background: It is important to achieve good glycemic control to avoid long-term diabetic complications. It has been largely debated about the role of correct way of insulin administration to get the desired glycemic control.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of teaching diabetic patients who are on insulin therapy the correct way of injecting insulin and its effect on glycemic control.
Methods: A non randomized clinical trial with 820 diabetic patients on insulin therapy on whom A1 c estimation was performed before and after three months of teaching them the right injection technique.
Results : Sixty seven patients (8.17%) had A1 c 6.5% before they were enrolled in the study while the majority (753 patents, 91.82%) had A1 c 6.5%

Background: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is an idiopathic condition aggravated by exogenous or endogenous glucocorticoids. Vascular deregulation in the choroid is a new hypothesis regarding central serous chorioretinopathy occurrence. The inhibition of choroidal mineralocorticoid receptors has a great role in shortening the duration of CSCR by inhibiting choroidal vasodilatation and leak.

Objective:  To assess the effect of oral spironolactone on subretinal fluid, central macular thickness and visual acuity in patients with acute CSCR compared to observation.

Subjects and Methods:  a hospital based, randomized clinical trial carried out at outpatient clinic in Ibn-Alhaitham Teaching E