For the past few years, the sediment began to accumulate in Al-Gharraf River which reduces the flow capacity of the River. In the present research, a numerical model was developed using Hec-Ras software, version 5.0.4. to simulate the flow and sediment transport in the upper reach of the river. The hydrological and cross-section data measured by the Ministry of Water Resources, for the reach located between Kut and Hai cities and having a length of 58200 m, was used to perform calibration and verification of the model. Moreover, field sampling of suspended and bed loads was gathered for five months starting from 7/2/2019, and laboratory tests of samples were conducted to be used as input data in the model. Actual flowrates for the year 2018 were used to predict the sediment accumulation in the river, and the results show that the accumulated deposition was ranged between 2.5 cm to 1m, while the erosion depth ranged between -4cm to -2cm. Furthermore, the estimated amounts of sediment discharges were ranged between 70 and 1308 Tones/day. Then four scenarios of flowrates ranged between 100-300 m3/s were used to analyze the possible sedimentation problems and to propose the treatment needed to preserve the morphology of the river The results show that the invert changes of bed depth were ranged between -2 to 9 cm, and the sediment discharge ranged between, 33 to 970 Tones/day. A lining of specified sub-reaches using the concrete or by the grouted riprap was proposed to avoid sedimentation or erosion respectively.
The eaction of 2 4 .6-trihydroxyactophenonemonohydra1e with
l hydr.azine monohydrate was realized ti·nder reflu.(( in methanol and i:l.
Jew drops of glacial acetic acid we.re added to give lhe'(int rmediate)
2-(1hydr pno-ctbyt)-benzcne-·1.3.5-r:Qql, which reacted wittl
saEcy.laldehyde. jn methm)ql to gjy;e 'a new :tyRe CNzOi) Ligand (H:flL]
f(2-{1-[(2-=bydroxy-bertzylide·ne)-bydrazqoo,J-e·thy.1}bcnze·neJ ;3·,5
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New Schiff base [3-(3-acetylthioureido)pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid][L] has been prepared through 2 stages, the chloro acetyl chloride has been reacting with the ammonium thiocyanate in the initial phase for producing precursor [A], after that [A] has been reacting with the 3-amino pyrazine-2-carboxilic acid to provide a novel bidentate ligand [L], such ligand [L] has been reacting with certain metal ions in the Mn(II), VO(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II), Cu(II), Hg(II), and Cd(II) for providing series of new metal complexes regarding general molecular formula [M(L)2XY], in which; VO(II); X=SO4,Y=0, Co(II), Mn(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), and Hg(II); Y=Cl, X=Cl. Also, all the compounds were characterized through spectroscopic techniques [
... Show MoreSchiff base (methyl 6-(2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2- (1-phenyl ethyl ideneamino) acetamido) -3, 3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0] heptane-2-carboxylate)Co(II), Ni(II), Cu (II), Zn (II), and Hg(II)] ions were employed to make certain complexes. Metal analysis M percent, elemental chemical analysis (C.H.N.S), and other standard physico-chemical methods were used. Magnetic susceptibility, conductometric measurements, FT-IR and UV-visible Spectra were used to identified. Theoretical treatment of the generated complexes in the gas phase was performed using the (hyperchem-8.07) program for molecular mechanics and semi-empirical computations. The (PM3) approach was used to determine the heat of formation (ΔH˚f), binding energy (ΔEb), an
... Show MoreThe reaction oisolated and characterized by elemental analysis (C,H,N) , 1H-NMR, mass spectra and Fourier transform (Ft-IR). The reaction of the (L-AZD) with: [VO(II), Cr(III), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II)], has been investigated and was isolated as tri nuclear cluster and characterized by: Ft-IR, U. v- Visible, electrical conductivity, magnetic susceptibilities at 25 Co, atomic absorption and molar ratio. Spectroscopic evidence showed that the binding of metal ions were through azide and carbonyl moieties resulting in a six- coordinating metal ions in [Cr (III), Mn (II), Co (II) and Ni (II)]. The Vo (II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Cd (II) and Hg (II) were coordinated through azide group only forming square pyramidal
... Show MoreThe preparation and spectral characterization of complexes for Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II) and Hg(II) ions with new organic heterocyclic azo imidazole dye as ligand 2-[(2`-cyano phenyl) azo ]-4,5-diphenyl imidazole ) (2-CyBAI) were prepared by reacting a dizonium salt solution of 2-cyano aniline with 4,5-diphenyl imidazole in alkaline ethanolic solution .These complexes were characterized spectroscopically by infrared and electronic spectra along with elemental analysis‚ molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The data show that the ligand behaves a bidantate and coordinates to the metal ion via nitrogen atom of azo and with imidazole N3 atom. Octahedral environment is suggested for all metal complex
... Show MoreNew bidentate Schiff base ligand (L) namely [(Z)-3-(2-oxoindolin-3ylildeneamino)benzoic acid] type (NO) was prepared via condensation of isatin and 3-amino benzoic acid in ethanol as a solvent in existence of drops of (glac. CH3COOH). The new ligand (L) was characterized base on elemental microanalysis, FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR spectra along with melting point. Ligand complexes in general formula [M(L)2Cl2]. H2O, where: MII = Co, Cu, Cd, and Hg; L= C15H10 N2O3 were synthesized and identified by FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR (for Cd complex only) spectra, atomic absorption, chloride content along with molar conductivity and magnetic susceptibility. It was found that the ligand behaves as bidentate on complexation via (N) atom of imine group an
... Show MoreThe synthesis of [1,2-diaminoethane-N,N'-bis(2-butylidine-3- onedioxime)] [II2L] and its cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), palladium(II), platinum(II, IV), zinc(II), cadmium(II) and mercury(II) complexes is reported. The compounds were characterised by elemental analyses, spectroscopic methods [I.R, UV-Vis, ('H NMR. and EI mass for H2L)], molar conductivities, magnetic moments. I.R. spectra show that (H2L) behaves as a neutral or mononegative ligand depending on the nature of the metal ions. The molar conductance of the complexes in (DMSO) is commensurate with their ionic character. On the basis of the above measurements, a square planar geometry is proposed for NOD, Pd(II), and Pt(II) complexes, and an octahedr-al structure with trans
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