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Optimization of Separator Size and Operating Pressure for Three-phase Separators in the West Qurna1 Oil Field
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An optimization study was conducted to determine the optimal operating pressure for the oil and gas separation vessels in the West Qurna 1 oil field. The ASPEN HYSYS software was employed as an effective tool to analyze the optimal pressure for the second and third-stage separators while maintaining a constant operating pressure for the first stage. The analysis involved 10 cases for each separation stage, revealing that the operating pressure of 3.0 Kg/cm2 and 0.7 Kg/cm2 for the second and third stages, respectively, yielded the optimum oil recovery to the flow tank. These pressure set points were selected based on serval factors including API gravity, oil formation volume factor, and gas-oil ratio from the flow tank.    To improve the optimization process for separator sizes, a Python code was developed, combining the Newton Raphson Method (NRM), and Lang Cost Method (LCM), with Retention time calculations. In this process, total purchase cost was the objective function. Two design scenarios were examined, corresponding to throughput of 105,000 KBPD and 52,500 KBPD respectively. In the first scenario, the NRM, LCM, and Retention time methods within the Python code were employed, resulting in a three-stage separation train with costs of $1,534,630 for the first stage, $1,438,239 for the second stage and $1,025,978 for the third stage. The Total purchase cost for the separation train was $3,988,847. In the second scenario, utilizing two separators for each stage to process the same throughput resulted in lower costs, totaling $823,851.5 per stage and a total purchase cost of $2,471,553. These costs were calculated using the Lang Cost method, which included the material cost and utilized a Lang factor of 3.1 to determine the total purchase cost after adding shipping, installation, commissioning, and start-up expenses. The first scenario resulted in larger separators and higher costs, while the second scenario showed lower costs, although it required two vessels per stage to process the same throughput. It was observed that the separator efficiencies were influenced by retention time, with increased retention time leading to improved separator efficiency.

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2009
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Calculation of the Longitudinal Electron Scattering Form Factors for the 2s-1d Shell Nuclei
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Inelastic longitudinal electron scattering form factors have been calculated for isoscaler transition
T = 0 of the (0+ ®2+ ) and (0+ ®4+ ) transitions for the 20Ne ,24Mg and 28Si nuclei. Model
space wave function defined by the orbits 1d5 2 ,2s1 2 and 1d3 2 can not give reasonable result for
the form factor. The core-polarization effects are evaluated by adopting the shape of the Tassie-
Model, together with the calculated ground Charge Density Distribution CDD for the low mass 2s-1d
shell nuclei using the occupation number of the states where the sub-shell 2s is included with an
occupation number of protons (a ) .

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Bayesian Estimator for the Scale Parameter of the Normal Distribution Under Different Prior Distributions
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In this study, we used Bayesian method to estimate scale parameter for the normal distribution. By considering three different prior distributions such as the square root inverted gamma (SRIG) distribution and the non-informative prior distribution and the natural conjugate family of priors. The Bayesian estimation based on squared error loss function, and compared it with the classical estimation methods to estimate the scale parameter for the normal distribution, such as the maximum likelihood estimation and th

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 09 2022
Journal Name
Technium Social Sciences Journal
The layered structure of the clause in English and Arabic ditransitive verbs: A Role and Reference Grammar Perspective
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This paper presents the syntactic dimension of ditransitive verbs in terms of the universal theory of Role and Reference Grammar (RRG). This theory is syntactic in nature, but it also covers the semantic as well as the pragmatic aspects of any linguistic phenomenon. It assumes a universal framework through which syntactic constructions can be analyzed. However, the morphological structure that each language enjoys renders the universal treatment more complicated and can question the universal nature of such a theory. In this paper, an attempt is made to check if the universal tenet of the theory is maintained over two typologically different languages: English and Arabic in respect of the way that double-object constructions (DOCs)

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Phenomena (submission delays) and (deletion) and Dalalthma on the social meanings in part (28) of the Holy Quran
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Arabic language , like any other living languages grow and evolve ; social phenomenon
it is subject to the law of life ; therefore resemble organism also touted as the most eloquent
language and the ability to meet the needs of people in every time and place.
The contemplation of the verses of the Koran reveals a lot of means of expression
leading to the grammatical meaning of the social.
I have tried in this research that investigated the social meanings through the phenomena
of deletion and delivery delays and capture semantic landing through the meanings that lead
to psychological persuasion to comply with the orders after the rights of the divine in which
social directives.
It remains the greatest mystery o

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The Neglected Narrators in " Weak and Abandoned narrators" Book of Al-Darqutni and Their Relationship to the Abandonment
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The research handles the prominent books of The Weak and Unknown Narrators , which is written by Imam Abu Al-Hasan Al-Daraqutni. It contains a brief introduction about the book and about Abu Bakr Al-Barqani, as well as Abi Mansour Ibn Hamkan.

The research handles the issue of unknown narrators and their relationship to the abandonment stipulated in the preamble to the book.

The research dealt with the identification and comparison between the sayings of Al-Daraqutni and his students - especially Al-Burqani, the publisher of his knowledge, as he is the one who narrated the sayings of Al-Daraqutni. The study concluded that the principle is to abandon the me

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Display, analyze and evaluate the alternatives selected models used in the measurement and disclosure of corporate social responsibility
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       The economic development and intense competition may make economic units neglected the social aspect as a service workers and the environment, the community and focus on the economic side and achieve profitability only, which puts it in a position of accountability of trade unions and bodies, environment, health, civil society organizations and the focus of many studies accounting in order to clarify social activities and disclosed in the financial statements, increasing pressure from multiple parties calling for governments to issue laws and regulations oblige economic units to disclose complete and accurate information in a timely manner for all social activities and be subj

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 03 2012
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study the spectroscopic characteristics of Rhodamine B Dye in Ethanol and Methanol mixture and Calculation the Quantum Efficiency
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The effect of ethanol and methanol solvent, and their mixture has been studied on the absorption and fluorescence spectra of laser dye Rhodamine B at concentration of (10-4) Molar at room temperature. The molar absorption coefficient has been determined for mixture which was (3.223) at wave number (18181.8 cm-1), Also the Quantum Efficiency of the two solvents (ethanol and methanol) and their mixture have been calculated ,which was for mixture spectrum (38.94%) and it was larger comparing with other and solvents. The characteristics of spectrum has been determined by calculating (??) of absorption spectrum for the solvents and its mixture at maximum wave number ( ) cm-1 depending on solvent polarity and the transitions between molecular ene

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Analysis of the Causal Relationship between the Financial Infrastructure and Foreign Investments in Malaysia and Indonesia 1990-2013
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Abstract\

The developed financial infrastructure is one of the most important elements for achieving stable financial system in a country. The importance of developed financial infrastructure comes from its role in create economic and financial context attractive for foreign investments. Thus, this paper aims first to measure an index of financial infrastructure, and secondly, to gauge the nexus between the developed financial infrastructure and foreign investments inflow in Malaysia and Indonesia. We estimate the index of financial infrastructure by using different indicators such as (the institutional environment, access to finance, legal environment, and others).

By using the G

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 27 2021
Journal Name
Palarch's Journal Of Archaeology Of Egypt/egyptology
The social and artistic connotations of the mural paintings of the Iraqi woman in the popular movement-an analytical study
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In the contemporary political history of Iraq, a unique protest broke out on October 1st, 2019. This protest reappeared on October 25th and lasted up to the following weeks making this protest as the most comprehensive and deepest one. It has the possibility of lengthening and the diversification of methods among all the social protesting movements during the century for Iraq. This desperate youth movement presents various images and methods to highlight the image of the protesting movement. The role of the Iraqi woman was clear, which was embodied through the mural paintings expressing her artistic and social role in conveying and expressing the goal of the protest. The aim of the current research is to identify the social artistic implica

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 03 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of the currency sale window in the stability of the dinar exchange rate and its reflection on inflation
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The: currency Auction is one of the monetary policy tools created after 2003, in order to keep pace with the changes that the monetary and financial policies will witness from financial openness and expectations of high levels of liquidity after international economic restrictions. It is necessary to re-evaluate the work of the currency Auction from time to time and observation its efficiency in adjustment the exchange rate And its reflection on the general level of prices as one of the objectives of its inception, and during the analytical aspect, it was confirmed that the currency Auction for selling the currency had a major role in adjustment the exchange rate and controlling inflation levels, due to the market’s dependence

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