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Analyzing and Measuring the Relationship between Public Spending and the Parallel Exchange Rate in the Iraqi Economy for the Period 2004-2022
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Public spending represents the government’s financial leverage and has a significant impact on real and monetary economic variables, and one of these effects is the effect of public spending on the exchange rate as an important monetary variable for monetary policy, As we know that public spending in Iraq is financed from oil revenues sold in US dollars, and the Ministry of Finance converts the US dollar into Iraqi dinars to finance the government's need to spend within the requirements and obligations of the state's general budget, And converting the US dollar into Iraqi dinars has an impact on the parallel exchange market, even if there is a contractual exchange rate between the Ministry of Finance and the Central Bank of Iraq to convert the budget dollar into Iraqi dinars. However, the impact of public spending on reserves makes financial shocks have a significant impact on the exchange rate. The researcher believes that there is a reciprocal relationship between the effect of public spending on the exchange rate and the impact of the exchange rate on public spending because the conversion compass between the dollar and the dinar leaves great effects on public spending in the state’s general budget, and this is what the researcher achieved by using modern standard software to discover the nature of the relationship between public spending and the price of Exchange in the parallel market with realistic monthly data taken from the official website of the Central Bank of Iraq.

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 23 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparative study of between P chart and Multinomial Fuzzy quality control chart ( FM).
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Quality is one of the important criteria to determine the success of product. So quality control is required for all stages of production to ensure a good final product with lowest possible losses. Control charts are the most important means used to monitor the quality and its accuracy is measured by quickly detecting unusual changes in the quality to maintain the product and reduce the costs and losses that may result from the defective items. There are different types of quality control charts and new types appeases involving the concept of fuzziness named multinomial fuzzy quality control chart (FM) , dividing the product to accepted and not may not be accurate therefore adding fuzziness concept to quality charts confirm and a

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 30 2011
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Comparison Between Mechanical and Non Mechanical Bowel Preparation Prior To Elective Colorectal Surgery
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Background: Bowel preparation prior to
colonic surgery usually includes antibiotic
therapy together with mechanical bowel
preparation which may cause discomfort to the
patients, prolonged hospitalization and water
& electrolyte imbalance.
Objective: to assess whether elective colon
and rectal surgery may be safely performed
without preoperative mechanical bowel
preparation.
Method: the study includes all patients who
had elective large bowel resection at Medical
City – Baghdad Teaching Hospital between
Feb, 2007 to Jan, 2010. Emergency operations
were not included. The patients were randomly
assigned to the 2 study groups (with or without
mechanical bowel preparation.
Results: A to

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 14 2024
Journal Name
Irish Journal Of Medical Science (1971 -)
Comparison between early and late weight bearing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery
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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison between Process Control Charts and Fuzzy Multinomial Control Charts with Practical Appliance
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     The control charts are one of the scientific technical statistics tools that will be used to control of production and always contained from three lines  central line and upper, lower lines to control quality of production and represents set of numbers so finally the operating productivity under control or nor than depending on the actual observations. Some times to calculating the control charts are not accurate and not confirming, therefore the Fuzzy Control Charts are using instead of Process Control Charts so this method is more sensitive, accurate and economically for assisting decision maker to control the operation system as early time. In this project will be used set data fr

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison Between Tree regression (TR), and Negative binomial regression (NBR) by Using Simulation.
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            In this paper, the process of comparison between the tree regression model and the negative binomial regression. As these models included two types of statistical methods represented by the first type "non parameter statistic" which is the tree regression that aims to divide the data set into subgroups, and the second type is the "parameter statistic" of negative binomial regression, which is usually used when dealing with medical data, especially when dealing with large sample sizes. Comparison of these methods according to the average mean squares error (MSE) and using the simulation of the experiment and taking different sample

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 02 2023
Journal Name
Res Militaris
Rehabilitation program for treatment Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylalgia) suffered by the players of Al-Rafidain Sports Club for Tennis League three players in Diyala province
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Abstract Lateral Epicondylitis (LE) which has been referred to as the Tennis Elbow as well is a lesion affecting common tendinous origins of wrist extensors due to chronic overuse injury that results in damaging common extensor tendons which join forearm extensor muscles to humerus. The aim of the present evidence-based clinical statement is reviewing scientific evidences for efficacy of a variety of the rehabilitation methods, chronic lateral epicondylitis management. It is focused upon treating chronic lateral epicondylitis and the latest developments in physiotherapy area for managing chronic lateral epicondylitis. Due to the fact that primary physical impairments in the LE are decreased is the strength of the grip, fundamentally due to

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Publication Date
Tue May 24 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Interactive Mobile Technologies (ijim)
A Blind Video Copyright Protection Technique in Maximum and Minimum Energy Frames Based on The Fast Walsh Hadamard Transform (FWHT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Arnold Map
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Video copyright protection is the most generally acknowledged method of preventing data piracy. This paper proposes a blind video copyright protection technique based on the Fast Walsh Hadamard Transform (FWHT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), and Arnold Map. The proposed method chooses only frames with maximum and minimum energy features to host the watermark. It also exploits the advantages of both the fast Walsh Hadamard transform (FWHT) and discrete wavelet transforms (DWT) for watermark embedding. The Arnold map encrypts watermarks before the embedding process and decrypts watermarks after extraction. The results show that the proposed method can achieve a fast embedding time, good transparency, and robustness against various

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Detection of resistance genes (gyrA,qepA,drf1,drf17) for E.coli in Iraqi aquatic environment
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The control of water represents the safe key for fair and optimal use to protect water resources due to human activities, including untreated wastewater, which is considered a carrier of a large number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial species. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic-resistance to E. coli in Tigris River by the presence of resistance genes for aminoglycoside(qepA( ,quinolone (gyrA), and sulfa drugs( dfr1 ,dfr17) due to the frequent use of antibiotics and their release into wastewater of hospitals. Samples were collected from three sites on Tigris River: S1( station wastewater in Adhamiya), S2 (station wastewater in Baghdad Medical city hospital), S3 (station wastew

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 30 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Addition of Super Absorbent Polymer for Upgrading of Cement Quality in Iraqi Oil Wells
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This study focuses on the use of an optimum amount of Sodium Polyacrylate (SP) for designing cement slurry with the high performance of rheological properties and displacement efficiency. A laboratory study has been carried out on the cement slurry which prepared with SP as superabsorbent polymer. SP has been providing an internal water source that helps in the hydration process, and curing and ultimately increases the cement strength. Also improves the cement performance by improving the cement stability. Several batches were prepared to determine the proper amount of SP to add it in the cement slurry. Also, we studied its effect on cement density, amount of free water in order to observe the rheological properties, and thickening time.

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 03 2021
Journal Name
Association Of Arab Universities Journal Of Engineering Sciences
Correlation of Minimum Miscibility Pressure for Hydrocarbon Gas Injection In Southern Iraqi Oil Fields
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One of the most important enhanced oil recoveries methods is miscible displacement. During this method preferably access to the conditions of miscibility to improve the extraction process and the most important factor in these conditions is miscibility pressure. This study focused on establishing a suitable correlation to calculate the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) required for injecting hydrocarbon gases into southern Iraq oil reservoir.  MMPs were estimated for thirty oil samples from southern Iraqi oil fields by using modified Peng and Robinson equation of state. The obtained PVT reports properties were used for tunning the equation of state parameters by making a match between the equation of state results with experimenta

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