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Effect of Incorporating Chitosan to Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement on Shear Bond Strength to Dentin (An In vitro Comparative Study)
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A<sc>bstract</sc> <sec> <title>Aim:

Resin-modified glass ionomer cement tends to shrink due to polymerization of the resin component. Additionally, they are more prone to syneresis and imbibition during the setting process. This in vitro study evaluates the impact of chitosan, a biopolymer that is, both biomaterial and biocompatible, on the strength of dentin bonding and compares it with ACTIVA Bio-ACTIVE Restorative. The present study was aimed to assess the impact of including chitosan into Fuji II on the shear bond strength between. the restoration material and tooth dentin, in contrast to Bioactiva in permanent teeth.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 30 premolar teeth were recently extracted. The study involved three distinct sample groups. Group 1 (10 teeth) is the negative control (Fuji II), Group 2 (10 teeth) is the positive control (ACTIVA Bio-ACTIVE Restorative), and Group 3 (10 teeth) is treated with a mixture of Chitosan and Fuji II (CH-Fuji II). Each tooth’s buccal and palatal cusps were eliminated to achieve a horizontal surface. Using a periodontal probe, 1.5 mm from the mesial pit to the mesial marginal ridge were removed. Restoration was implemented in all groups following manufacturer directions. Thermocycling the teeth by immersing them in a water bath with temperatures ranging from 5°C to 55°C (± 1–2°C) for 30 s (500 cycles). Each sample was attached to the universal testing machine’s jig at a cross-head speed of 1 mm/min. Shear force was used until breakage, and the bond’s adhesive strength was then calculated. Statistical analysis using ANOVA with Dunnett’s T3 post hoc test. Results were significant at P < 0.05.

Results:

Statistically significant difference was present between Chitosan and Fuji II and between Chitosan and Activa by reducing the shear bond strength.

Conclusions:

Addition of chitosan to Fuji II had a negative effect on the shear bond with a significant difference while Activa and Fuji II exhibited favorable shear bond strength.

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Biochemistry And Cell Biology
EFFECT OF ADDED ALGAE POWDER (ASCOMAX) TO THE DIET ON SOME PRODUCTION TRAITS OF BROILERS
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The study was conducted in the poultry field, College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University from 1/3/2018 to 6/4/2018 to determine the effect of commercial Ascomax powder produced from seaweed (Ascophyllum nodocum) on some productive performance of broilers. A total of 400, one day, Ross 308 broiler chicks were used for 35 days. The chicks were randomly distributed to 4 treatments, four replicates per treatment (25 chick / replicate). The treatments were as follows: T1: (control treatment), while T2, T3 and T4 added diet by Ascomax powder by 1, 1.5 and 2 g per 1 kg of the basal diet, respectively. The results of the study showed a significant superiority (P <0.05) for the added Ascomax powder treatments compared to the treatment of control

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 29 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
RESPONSE OF YIELD AND QUALITY OF BROCCOLI TO TYPE OF NUTRIENT SOLUTION UNDER HYDROPONIC SYSTEM WITH MODIFIED NFT TECHNOLOGY
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This study was carried out at the Dept. Hortic. and Land.Gard., Coll. Agric. Eng.Sci., University of Baghdad during fall season of 2019-2020, in order to evaluate the effect of nutrient solution type under hydroponic system (NFT) on growth, yield and quality of broccoli Brassica oleracea var.italica. Two experiments were carried out which were the standard solution experiment (Cooper) and the alternative solution experiment (ABEER) prepared from fertilizers. Results revealed that  the type of solution used in the hydroponics system had non significant effect on the leaves content of N,K, Mg, Fe, Cu, B, Chlorophyll, leaves number, root length, weight of the main heads, number of side heads were not significantly affected. 13nt, refl

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 31 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
The moment of concluding the contract according to the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (1980) (A comparative study with some Arab and foreign legislations)
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There are two ways that the contract might be formed with (contracting between persons who are attended and contracting between absence persons).the need for determining the precise moment of the contract , is so clear because there is a specify period separate between the declaration of acceptance and the knowledge with it .and it is clear from the four theories known for jurisprudence (theory of the declaration of the acceptance, theory of exporting the acceptance , theory of the arrival of the acceptance , theory of the knowledge with the acceptance ) . It is difficult to promote one theory on another one if we look at each one and the justification of its supporters and what the opponents of each theory expose. Legal background and diff

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 07 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The effect of temperature and chemical solutions on the Compressive strength of particulate hybrid composites
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In this work a hybrid composite materials were prepared containing matrix of polymer (polyethylene PE) reinforced by different reinforcing materials (Alumina powder + Carbon black powder CB + Silica powder). The hybrid composite materials prepared are: • H1 = PE + Al2O3 + CB • H2 = PE + CB + SiO2 • H3 = PE + Al2O3 + CB + SiO2 All samples related to electrical tests were prepared by injection molding process. Mechanical tests include compression with different temperatures and different chemical solutions at different immersion times The mechanical experimentations results were in favour of the samples (H3) with an obvious weakness of the samples (H1) and a decrease of these properties with a rise in temperature and the increasing

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
EFFECT OF STEEL FIBERS ADDITION ON THE BEHAVIOR OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE CIRCULAR SHORT COLUMNS
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loaded reinforced concrete circular short columns. An experimental investigation into the behavior
of 24 short reinforced concrete columns with and without steel fibers was carried out. The columns
had a circular section (200 mm diameter and 900 mm long). Test variables include concrete
strength, spacing of spiral reinforcement, and inclusion of steel fibers. The axial stress and axial
strains were obtained and used to evaluate the effects of the presence of steel fibers. It was found
that the addition of steel fibers slightly improves the load carrying capacity of the tested columns
whereas it significantly enhances the ductility of these specimens. Test results also indicated that for
the same confinement parameter

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Aesthetics Contents of Data Visualization as an Input to its humanization
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The aesthetic contents of data visualization is one of the contemporary areas through which data scientists and designers have been able to link data to humans, and even after reaching successful attempts to model data visualization, it wasn't clear how that reveals how it contributed to choosing the aesthetic content as an input to humanize these models, so the goal of the current research is to use The analytical descriptive approach aims to identify the aesthetic contents in data visualization, which the researchers interpreted through pragmatic philosophy and Kantian philosophy, and analyze a sample of data visualization models to reveal the aesthetic entrances in them to explain how to humanize them. The two researchers reached seve

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 07 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study the role of auxins and sytoknins on in vitro propagation of Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr
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The technique of plant tissue culture has been used to In vitro micropropagation of Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr. It is an ornamental and medicinal plant not cultivated in Iraq. Seeds were sterilized and cultuared on full strength Murashige and Skoog medium(1962)(MS). Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 6- furfuryl aminopurine (Kin.) growth regulators were used at the Initiation stage.The combination between IAA and Kin. was used in multiplication stage. IAA was used for rooting the shoots. Results showed that 1.5% sodium hypochlorite for 15 min was very effective for disinfecting and survival. Nodes exhibited relatively highest response as compared with apical meristems and leaflets culture. Supplying the culture medium with 1 mg/L.

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 11 2019
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Animal Research
Effect of energy to protein ratio using alternative feed ingredients on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in broilers
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Present study was conducted to evaluate the different levels of energy to protein ratios (EPR) using food waste and black soldier fly larvae meal (FWBSFL) on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of broilers. A total of 160 one-day old broiler chicks were divided randomly to four groups and each group had 8 replicates with 5 chicks per replicate. The control diet was formulated using conventional feed ingredients with EPR of 154 for the starter period and 167 for the finisher period. The other treatments were diets with normal, low, and high EPR (154,143, and 166 for the starter period; 167, 155, and 177 for the finisher period) using FWBSFL. Feed consumption and body weight gain as well as digestibility of crude protein, cr

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Publication Date
Wed May 10 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Free Head Shear Test on Decomposed Granite Soil
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The study presents the test results of Completely Decomposed Granite (CDG) soil tested under drained triaxial compression, direct shear and simple shear tests. Special attention was focused on the modification of the upper halve of conventional Direct Shear Test (DST) to behave as free
head in movement along with vertical strain control during shear stage by using Geotechnical Digital System (GDS). The results show that Free Direct Shear Test (FDST) has clear effect on the measured shear stress and vertical strain during the test. It has been found that shear strength
parameters measured from FDST were closer to those measured from simple shear and drained triaxial compression test. This study also provides an independent check on

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 02 2024
Journal Name
Engineering, Technology &amp; Applied Science Research
An Artificial Neural Network Prediction Model of GFRP Residual Tensile Strength
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This study uses an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to examine the constitutive relationships of the Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) residual tensile strength at elevated temperatures. The objective is to develop an effective model and establish fire performance criteria for concrete structures in fire scenarios. Multilayer networks that employ reactive error distribution approaches can determine the residual tensile strength of GFRP using six input parameters, in contrast to previous mathematical models that utilized one or two inputs while disregarding the others. Multilayered networks employing reactive error distribution technology assign weights to each variable influencing the residual tensile strength of GFRP. Temperatur

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