Abstract: Reflection optical fibre Humidity sensor is presented in this work, which is based on no core fibre prepared by splicing a segment of no core fibre (NCF) at different lengths 1-6 cm with fixed diameter 125 µm and a single mode fibre (SMF). The range of humidity inside the chamber is controlled from 30% to 90% RH at temperature ~ 30 °С. The experimental result shows that the resonant wavelength dip shift decreases linearly with an increment of RH% and the sensitivity of the sensor increased linearly with an increasing in the length of NCF. However, a high sensitivity 716.07pm/RH% is obtained at length 5cm with good stability and reputability.  Furthermore, the sensor is shif

Merging images is one of the most important technologies in remote sensing applications and geographic information systems. In this study, a simulation process using a camera for fused images by using resizing image for interpolation methods (nearest, bilinear and bicubic). Statistical techniques have been used as an efficient merging technique in the images integration process employing different models namely Local Mean Matching (LMM) and Regression Variable Substitution (RVS), and apply spatial frequency techniques include high pass filter additive method (HPFA).  Thus, in the current research, statistical measures have been used to check the quality of the merged images. This has been carried out by calculating the correlation a

In this work an experimental study of deposited silver nanoparticles on the core of optical fiber end at different time based on photodeposition technique is presented. The results demonstrated that the concentration of silver nanoparticles deposited on the core of optical fiber end was effected by the deposition time. The photodeposition system was fabricated using multi-mode optical fiber and laser diode source. The results show that the silver deposition concentration increases linearly with the deposition time. The deposition rate was 3.25 (wt/ s)

Abstract: In this work we demonstrate and investigate the optical pulse propagation in a photonic band gap fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The light propagates in opposite direction in FBG is explained and discussed by a Coupled Mode Theory (CMT). The photonic band gap (stop band gap) is created by fabricated, a Bragg grating in optical fiber. The results show the pulse spectrum falls entirely within the stop band gap, the entire pulse is reflected by the grating, while when the pulse spectrum is outside the stop band gap the pulses will transmitted through the grating. The group velocity (VG) becomes zero at the edges of the stop band and group velocity dispersion β2 is anomalous on the shorter side of stop band gap whereas β2 for uniform fi

We demonstrate the results of a mathematical model for investigation the nonlinear Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS), which can be employed to achieve high optical amplifier. The SBS is created by interaction between the incident We demonstrate the results of a mathematical model for investigation the nonlinear Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS), which can be employed to achieve high optical amplifier. The SBS is created by interaction between the incident light and the acoustic vibration fiber. The design criteria and the amplification characteristic of the Brillouin amplifier is demonstrated and discussed for fiber Brillouin amplifier using different pump power with different fiber length. The results show, high Brillouin gain can

At the level of both individuals and companies, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) get a wide range of applications and uses. Sensors are used in a wide range of industries, including agriculture, transportation, health, and many more. Many technologies, such as wireless communication protocols, the Internet of Things, cloud computing, mobile computing, and other emerging technologies, are connected to the usage of sensors. In many circumstances, this contact necessitates the transmission of crucial data, necessitating the need to protect that data from potential threats. However, as the WSN components often have constrained computation and power capabilities, protecting the communication in WSNs comes at a significant performance pena

The proposal of this study is demonstrating a simple vapor sensor for chloroform (CHCI₃) utilitizing air gap region of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) by using a single mode optical fiber coupler (3 dB) structure. In the last few decades, flammable liquids such as chloroform have been highly used. This chemical liquid has some degrees of carcinogenic effects in humans in addition to acute and chronic exposure results like blurred vision and nausea.  The two arms of MZI contain a free space gap utilized to serve the sensing mechanism by adding chemical liquid volumes (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1) ml and to set the phase difference with air-gap distance 0.5 mm. The small variation in the effective refractive index of ch

  This paper deals with proposing new lifting scheme (HYBRID Algorithm) that is capable of preventing images and documents which are fraud through decomposing there in to the real colors value arrays (red, blue and green) to create retrieval keys for its properties and store it in the database and then check the document originality by retrieve the query image or document through the decomposition described above and compare the predicted color values (retrieval keys)  of the query document with those stored in the database. The proposed algorithm has been developed from the two known lifting schemes (Haar and D4) by merging them to find out HYBRID lifting scheme. The validity and accuracy of the proposed algorithm have been ev