Nebivolol (NBH) is a third-generation B1-blocker with high selectivity and vasodilation activity. Nevertheless, nebivolol exhibits low oral bioavailability, which may adversely affect its efficacy. Recently, supersaturable self-nanoemulsion (Su-SNE) is an advanced SNE approach that can address low bioavailability The study aims to prepare nebivolol-loaded Su-SNE by reduction the amount of the prepared conventional SNE to half. Besides, an appropriate polymer type and concentration to prevent NBH precipitation upon oral administration have investigated.. A conventional self-nanoemulsion (formula A) was prepared by dissolving NBH in 500 mg vehicle mixture of imwitor®988: cremophor-EL: propylene glycol. Then, eight Su-SNE formulas with the absence or presence of four different polymers were prepared and evaluated. In-vitro precipitation assay was performed to assess the precipitation inhibition capacity of polymers. The ex-vivo permeation through rat intestinal mucosa was also conducted for determination of permeability parameters. Results revealed that (Su-SNA formula SAS1) containing 5% soluplus could effectively retard the nebivolol precipitation. There was no statistical difference between formula A and SAS1; both maintained a higher apparent NBH concentration for approximately 240 min in 0.1N HCl. The permeation rate of conventional (formula A) and soluplus-based Su-SNE (formula SAS1) was significantly improved, and the permeation enhancement ratio was found 2.7 and 3.2, respectively, as compared with non-formulated NBH. Consequently, it is concluded that developing soluplus-based nebivolol SNE is a promising alternative approach. It can enhance nebivolol stability and permeability with half the amount of conventional SNE components.
Background: Tap waters play an important role in fulfilling the people needs for drinking and domestic purposes. Contaminate the tap water with different pollutants has become an issue of great concern for 90% of people who are depended on the tap water as the main source of drinking. Pollutants can make their way easily into the delivering pipes which suffer from the leaking resulting in decreasing the quality of water. Objective: Therefore, assess the water quality for drinking purpose by calculating the water quality index is an important tool to ascertain whether the water is suitable for human consumption or not. Methods: In the present work, the water quality of the Al-Salam, western region of Baghdad city, Iraq was investigated for 7
... Show MoreAdontomerus amygdali (Boucek, 1958) (Hymenoptera, Torymidae) is recorded for the first time in Iraq, parasitizing almond fruits wasp, Eurytoma amygdali Enderlein, 1907 (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) infesting fruits of almond trees Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb (=Amygdalus communis Linn.) growing in Koysinjaq district, Erbil, Iraq. A short morphological description of this species is presented.
The Financial authority is considered as one of the most of benefited parts from financial statements which depends on it in process of accounting in taxes as basis to determine The Tax Base , but no confidence from financial authority part in objectivity of income financial information in them for many of limited companies led to no dependence on them to specify taxation contain & dependence on yearly regulations that issued them. To enhance the confidence of financial authority to these lists must meet its requirements, because the menus Fulfill the requirements of the financial authority increases the confidence in these statements and therefore reliable in determining the tax base. So this research aims to speci
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Typological analysis about the negation marker in different languages is one of the fields of research that has attracted much attention. In Persian language, this constituent has been analysed from different aspects. This study aimed to analyse different aspects of negation marker in the adjectives, the noun phrases and the verb phrases based on typological analysis. Many studies have been revealed that the negation in adjectives has shown lexically and morphologically. In the noun phrases, /hich/ has used as a negative marker necessarily marking the verb phrase as negative too. In the verb phrases, negation occurs morphologically by the addition of the prefix /n
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Metaphor is a linguistic phenomenon related to people's cultures. It is an integral part of cultural heritage. This paper tackles the use of animal-based metaphors in the field of football club titles so as to draw comparisons between those in Russian with their counterparts in Arabic. Names of animals are used to refer to some clubs and teams, where these names or titles reflect animal features such as strength, preying on victims; or animal figures are employed in the club symbols, or due to the similarity of the club shirt to the animal outer shapes in colours. For instance, "an-Nawaris", which means gulls in English, is used to refer to az-Zawraa club du
... Show MoreThe study aims to identify the impact of the implementation of the integrated education strategy in the curriculum of the Arabic language for the seventh grade on the academic achievement in the schools of the capital Amman. The researcher adopted the experimental method, where two divisions of the seventh grade students were chosen from the secondary school for girls. The sample of the study was 60 students divided into two equal groups: 30 students represented the experimental group (A) and (30) students represented the control group. To collect the needed data, a test of (40) Multiple Choices was used. The results showed statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group who were taught acc
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В данном исследовании рассматривается символичность (( Джикора )) в лирике иракского поэта ас-Саййаба и перевода лирики o деревне и городе с арабского на русский. Русский читатель пока не имеет возможности познакомиться с стихотворениями Бадра Шакера.
Abstract
The paper aims at making the Russian reader acquainted with the Iraqi Poet Badr Shakir as-Sayyab, and showing the effect of the village an
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The goal of the research is to diagnose some of the negative phenomena which was discovered through the period from (2010 to 2014) as determined by the national strategy to eliminate the corruption which was set out by the joint council of the corruption elimination in Iraq. And to measure the gap in applying the legal rules by the administration, concerning the misconducts and felonies upon the state employments made by the state employee and how far they are applied in the studied sample and to show the nature of the rules and their importance and their role when they are applied in scientific and expertise manner. And to encourage the offices of the general supervisors to adhere to them which will lead t
... Show MoreCurrent research targeted: Recognizing the impact of the differentiated education strategy on the achievement of the students of the Institute of Fine Arts / Diyala, for the academic year (2018-2019).
The researcher used the experimental approach designed by two groups (control - experimental) and with a post-test to achieve the goal of the research, and the research sample was chosen from students of the fourth stage for the academic year (2018-2019).
The sample was distributed randomly into two groups, the first experimental consisting of (30) students who studied using the differentiated education strategy, and the second control group consisting of (30) students who studied using the traditional method.
The researcher pre