Background: The beneficial gut bacterium E. coli can cause blood poisoning, diarrhoea, and other gastrointestinal and systemic disorders. Objective: This study amid to examines the antibiofilm activity of Laurus nobilis leaves extract on E. coli isolates and compares pre- and post-treatment gene expression of fimA and papC genes. Subjects and Methods: Ten isolates of E. coli were obtained from the Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, University of Baghdad, which was previously collected from Baghdad city hospitals and diagnosed by chemical tests, the diagnosis was confirmed using VITEK-2 System. The preparation of the aqueous and methanolic Laurus nobilis leaves extracts was done by using the maceration method and Soxhlet apparatus respectively. HPLC were conducted to determine the active compounds in the extracts. Moreover, molecular detection of fimA and papC genes and analysis of the gene expression by comparing the isolates treated with sub MIC of methanolic L. nobilis leaves extract with the untreated isolates. Results: Methanolic and aqueous extracts contained alkaloids, tannins, phenols, saponins, flavonoids, and glycosides. Seven polyphenolic compounds, four flavonoids derivatives (Apigenin, Luteolin, Rutin, and kaempferol) and three phenolic acids (Caffeic acid, Gallic acid, and Syringic acid), were identified by matching retention time with the standards. Laurus nobilis methanolic leaf extract inhibited 90% and 100% of E. coli biofilm development at 32 and 64 mg/ml. Conclusion: The result of the gene expression revealed that there is a decrease in the expression of the fimA and papC genes. The present study concluded that the Laurus nobilis leaves extract have rich phytochemical contents, so the methanolic extract had an excellent reduction effect on biofilm formation and showed remarkable down-regulation on the papC and fimA genes, which are responsible for the biofilm formation in E. coli.
The Internet makes the world like a small village. It has the ability to make groups of the same ideas, thoughts, and identity close to each other by gathering them in one place. It is a way to communicate and share information and opinion; shaping and sharing of comprising individuals with common interests and the participation of individuals in a fruitful dialogue results in achieving a set of goals promote ideas and mobilizing people about issues and events of common interests.
To address the relationship of the internet via interactive communication and its ability to achieve social capital and discuss issues and various social events, the study sees that the problem of the study could be formulated as follows:
Consid
... Show MoreThis research test the relationship and the effect of an explanatory variable transparency in the organizational reputation responder variable by senior management in the departments of the Ministry of Housing and Construction centrally funded, As well as come out among other recommendations contribute to the achievement of organizational reputation of the organizations surveyed. Given the importance of the research topic for the public sector and the community and the environment in which they operate researcher designed questionnaire containing (30) items, and collected data from (92) respondents, representing the research community (eight establishments) exclusively and comprehensively, relying descriptive analytic
... Show MoreAbstract : This research is a field study of international cities that hosted various events of which (Sports, Exhibitions, Scientific, Cultural) and other events, these positive impacts on the city driven by such hosts were identified. The research goal was to support hosting events to improve the hostess city and to draw future plans for further developments and to invest event’s hosting to strengthen the city’s value according to a strategic vision that looks for the future the most important conclusions are Entering events hosting is a part of urban development strategies and The most important recommendations are coordination between hosting event activities and its facilities with the infrastructure structure of the host city, its
... Show MoreBackground: The geriatric patients wearing removable partial dentures are increasing in proportion. At the same time, the root caries prevalence accompanied by gingival recession is increasing. A variety of vehicles can deliver fluoride into the oral cavity, including fluoride mouth-rinse, fluoride dentifrice, topical fluoride, and fluoride-releasing restorative materials, all of which effectively prevent root caries and suppress recurrent caries. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sodium fluoride addition on some mechanical properties of heat cure acrylic denture base material. Material and method: A total of 90 samples were prepared in this study, then divided into three main groups according to the type of test used (hardness, te
... Show MoreThe aim of the research is to prepare practical volleyball lessons by using the four pillars strategy for middle school students, and to identify the effect of the four pillars strategy in performing the transmission and volleyball skills in the second intermediate students, to assume that the two researchers assume that there are no statistically significant differences between the results of my skill performance tests Sending and preparing tribal and remote volleyball for the experimental and controlled groups, and there are no statistically significant differences between the results of the performance of the transmission and preparation skills of the volleyball between the two experimental and control groups, and the research co
... Show MoreAllah legislated marriage and made it dwelling, fellowship and mercy between
the two couples, Prophet Moh'd (peace of Allah and blessing be upon him) ordered a
husband to look after his wife, treat her with full charity and make love with here
every kindly. On the other hand, he ordered a wife to obey her husband and respect
him deeply, nevertheless, some obstacles may sometimes be appeared within the life
of their marriage, this may be caused by either a husband or a wife. This problem is
called lifely disobedience (AL-Noshooz).
In the other words, this means that a wife begins to hate her husband, refuse his orders
and not obey him.
In brief, they hate each other which leads to some marks appear in their
m
The purpose of this study is to determine the useful of Schiff bases derivatives containing (oxazepine, tetrazole) rings with biological activity which can be used as drug and antimicrobial, the present work is started from [Binary (2,5(4,'4-diaminophenyl) – 1,3,4 – oxadiazole]. A variety of Schiff bases and heterocyclic (oxazepine, tetrazole) have been synthesis, and confirm that structures by physical properties , FTIR , 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, elemental analysis, [Microbial study against three type of bacteria (staphylococcus aurea and klebsiella pneumonia) and (Canadida albncans) fungi].All analyzation performed in center of consulatation University of Jordan.
Psoriasis is a long-lasting autoimmune disease that is characterized by swollen skin patches. Normally, these skin patches are dark, swollen, itchy and scaly. The single application of the innate TLR7/8 ligand Imiquimod (IMQ) in mice easily induces a dermatitis that closely resembles human psoriasis, critically dependent on the axis of IL-23/IL-17. Artemisia dracunculus prepared as an ointment and has been used topically to mice before imiquimod application. The results of the current study showed that A. dracunculus ointment can significantly reduce psoriasis area and severity index in (A. dracunculus ointment + imiquimod group as compared with both control group and (vehicle ointment + imiquimod) group.
The current research dealt with the development of sciences and arts over the course of human history, and the development of sciences with their natural and human trends are important areas in developing the knowledge and application base for industrial product design and design in its various fields. Bionic science is one of the sciences that works on applying biological methods and systems found in nature to study and design engineering systems and modern technology, and for industrial products to be highly efficient, durable and resistant to natural variables in daily life for use. The transfer of technology between life forms and industrial products is desirable because the processes of development at the level of science in general
... Show MoreThis research deals with the study of the obstacles to peaceful coexistence in Iraq. Therefore, our hypothesis is that these obstacles are not attributed to one reason or to one source. Therefore, peaceful coexistence among the components of Iraqi society remains fragile and vulnerable to collapse and threat at any moment. This society, which is already in need of social relations, needs more than ever to coexist and consolidate it. Through the exercise of democracy in Iraq in a manner that guarantees rights and duties for all, to restore mutual trust between the components of this community in a way that feels they are citizens of the state.