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Changes in attitudes to childbirth in modern times illustrated over three generations in Iraq
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Abstract<sec><title>Objective

To describe changes in attitudes and expectations of labor over the previous six decades, comparing the Iraqi generation who labored at home without medical assistance with their descendants.

Study Design

We used semi‐structured telephone interviews with 22 women across three generations of one extended family living and giving birth in Iraq between the 1950s and the 2010s. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically using open, axial, and selective coding.

Results

Each generation experienced a paradigm shift in childbirth, from exclusive home births to hospital‐directed maternity care, to a trend that favors planned cesarean birth, driven by generation‐specific changes in outlook. Emerging themes included social influences, changing technology, and medical professionals' recommendations; all of these affected attitudes toward childbirth and pregnancy. There were generational disconnects in perceptions concerning the reasons childbirth has changed over the past 60 years, with the youngest generation citing wider pressures regarding body image and marital relationships as two of the factors affecting preferences in childbirth options.

Conclusions

Societal changes and availability of healthcare services affect women's choices and experiences of childbirth. To be successful, efforts to improve women's experiences in labor, as well as maternal and neonatal outcomes, must consider these wider sociocultural issues.

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 18 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Effects of Thiourea on the Corrosion of Low Carbon Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution
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The c.orrosion rate of  low carbon  steel  in 4M  hydrochlwic acid with and without  presence of thiourea has b.een studied  by gravimetric ahd gasometric methods  over the temperature range 303-333 K.

 

The percentage protection of steel increases  vvith the decrease of thimuea concentrations at  various  temperature range  303-333 K and

approaching highest  protection  (86.82%) at 303K  by using  I X 1 o-4 M

of thiourea. The high concentration .of thiourea  ( lxlo-3 M), enl1ances.

the  corrosion rates and  act  as dcpolariser for  the hydrogen  evolution

reaction,&n

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of Electronic human resources management practices in the sustainability of knowledge capital
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Abstract:

The aim of the research is to highlight the role of electronic human resources management practices in the sustainability of knowledge capital as one of its success factors, as well as the diagnosis and interpretation of the relationship between research variables and their dimensions. The research problem is that the University of Babil implements some electronic human resources management practices not in a complete way, The level of its application and the problems it faces, as well as the extent to which these practices reflect the knowledge capital and sustainability in the university, and highlights the importance of research as it is concerned with the electronic aspects and achieve the competitive advant

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Crossref
Publication Date
Thu Jan 24 2019
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Role of MRI diffusion weighted imaging in differentiation between benign and malignant ovarian masses
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Background: Characterization of the ovarian masses preoperatively is important to inform the surgeon about the possible management strategies. MRI may be of great help in identifying malignant lesion before surgery. Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) is a sensitive method for changes in proton of water mobility caused by pathological alteration of tissue cellularity, cellular membrane integrity, extracellular space perfusion, and fluid viscosity.

Objective: to study the diagnostic accuracy of DWI in differentiation between benign and malignant ovarian masses.

Type of the study:Cross-sectional study.

Methods: this study included  53with complex

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2012
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Bowel Cleansing Quality in Morning Versus Evening Preparation Regimens for colonoscopy; a Prospective Study
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Background :Evening preparation for colonoscopy is often unsatisfactory and inconvenient. This study was performed to compare the efficacy of bowel preparation at two different timings: night before and morning of endoscopy and to compare the cecal intubation rate and disturbance of sleep hours between these two groups.
Methods: In this prospective randomized endoscopist- blinded trial, 150 patients were enrolled between March 2010 and August 2011. Patients aged between 18 to 80 years needing colonoscopy were included. Patients with prior bowel surgery, suspected bowel obstruction or those who didn't completely fulfill the preparation instructions were excluded. Patients received polyethyelen glycol electrolyte preparation in a mornin

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 16 2024
Journal Name
Plant Protection
In vitro investigation of phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Harpagophytum procumbens seeds extracts
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Medicinal plants contain bioactive substances that are highly bioavailable in extracts or pure molecules, making them promising for therapeutic applications and precursors for chemo-pharmaceutical semi-synthesis. Harpagophytum procumbens (Devil’s Claw) is widely recognized as one of the most potent therapeutic herbs. This study aimed to extract seeds from H. procumbens using two types of solvents and to assess both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the extracts. The two extracts were evaluated for antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities using agar well diffusion assays against four bacterial isolates and two yeast isolates. Qualitative analysis identified the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpen

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Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Mar 14 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Spectrophotometric Determination of Diclofenac sodium Using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine in Pure Form and Pharmaceutical Preparations
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A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method is described for the determination of diclofenac sodium (DCL), in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on the oxidation of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) and coupling of the oxidized product with DCL in alkaline medium to give intensively colored chromogen which exhibits maximum absorption (λmax) at 600 nm, and the concentration of DCL was determined spectrophotometrically. The optimum reaction conditions and other analytical parameters were evaluated. In addition to classical univariate optimization, modified simplex method (MSM) has been applied in optimization of the variables affecting the color producing reaction. Beer’s law is obeyed in the

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 02 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Nature of Non-verbal Communication Skills Practiced by Educational Counselors in Individual Guidance
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This research is an attempt to achieve the following objectives: 1. identifying the nature of the non-verbal communication skills practiced by educational counselors in individual guidance. 2. Identifying the significant differences between non-verbal communication skills exercised by educational counselors from their point of view in regard to their gender (male-female). The researcher used a questionnaire as a tool prepared based on exploratory questions of educational counselors and literature. It has consisted of (26) items over four domains applied to a sample of (50) educational counselors (male and female) who have been chosen randomly from schools located in Baghdad Education Directorate Rusafa / 2. It was treated statistically u

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Stator Faults Diagnosis and Protection in 3-Phase Induction Motor Based on Wavelet Theory
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Publication Date
Thu Oct 31 2013
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
An Investigation Study of Thinning Distribution in Single Point Incremental Forming Using FEM Analysis
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Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) is a forming technique of sheet material based on layered manufacturing principles. The sheet part is locally deformed through horizontal slices. The moving locus of forming tool (called as toolpath) in these slices constructed to the finished part was performed by the CNC technology. The toolpath was created directly from CAD model of final product. The forming tool is a Ball-end forming tool, which was moved along the toolpath while the edges of sheet material were clamped rigidly on fixture.

This paper presented an investigation study of thinning distribution of a conical shapes carried out by incremental forming and the validation of finite element method to evaluate the limits of the p

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2013
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Effect of Solid Particle Properties on Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in Packed Duct
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This work examines numerically the effects of particle size, particle thermal conductivity and inlet velocity of forced convection heat transfer in uniformly heated packed duct. Four packing material (Aluminum, Alumina, Glass and Nylon) with range of thermal conductivity (from200 W/m.K for Aluminum to 0.23 W/m.K for Nylon), four particle diameters (1, 3, 5 and 7 cm), inlet velocity ( 0.07, 0.19 and 0.32 m/s) and constant heat flux ( 1000, 2000 and 3000 W/ m 2) were investigated. Results showed that heat transfer (average Nusselt number Nuav) increased with increasing packing conductivity; inlet velocity and heat flux, but decreased with increasing particle size.Also, Aluminum average Nusselt number is about (0.85,2.

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