Subcutaneous vascularization has become a new solution for identification management over the past few years. Systems based on dorsal hand veins are particularly promising for high-security settings. The dorsal hand vein recognition system comprises the following steps: acquiring images from the database and preprocessing them, locating the region of interest, and extracting and recognizing information from the dorsal hand vein pattern. This paper reviewed several techniques for obtaining the dorsal hand vein area and identifying a person. Therefore, this study just provides a comprehensive review of existing previous theories. This model aims to offer the improvement in the accuracy rate of the system that was shown in previous studies and

Interface bonding between asphalt layers has been a topic of international investigation over the last thirty years. In this condition, a number of researchers have made their own techniques and used them to examine the characteristics of pavement interfaces. It is obvious that test findings won't always be comparable to the lack of a globally standard methodology for interface bonding. Also, several kinds of research have shown that factors like temperature, loading conditions, materials, and others have an impact on surface qualities. This study aims to solve this problem by thoroughly investigating interface bond testing that might serve as a basis for a uniform strategy. First, a general explanation of how the bonding strength

This paper explores VANET topics: architecture, characteristics, security, routing protocols, applications, simulators, and 5G integration. We update, edit, and summarize some of the published data as we analyze each notion. For ease of comprehension and clarity, we give part of the data as tables and figures. This survey also raises issues for potential future research topics, such as how to integrate VANET with a 5G cellular network and how to use trust mechanisms to enhance security, scalability, effectiveness, and other VANET features and services. In short, this review may aid academics and developers in choosing the key VANET characteristics for their objectives in a single document.

     Smishing is a cybercriminal attack targeting mobile Short Message Service (SMS) devices that contains a malicious link, phone number, or email. The attacker intends to use this message to steal the victim's sensitive information, such as passwords, bank account details, and credit cards. One method of combating smishing is to raise awareness and educate users about the various tactics used by SMS phishers. But even so, this method has been criticized for becoming inefficient because smishing tactics are continually evolving. A more promising anti-smishing method is to use machine learning. This paper introduces a number of machine learning algorithms that can be used for detecting smishing. Furthermore, the differences and simil

Background: five clinical phases were described in patients with chronic (HBV) infection: HBeAg- positive HBV infection, HBeAg- positive chronic HB, HBeAg negative HBV infection, HBeAg-negative CHB and occult HBV infection. Aim: This study aimed to determine the incidence of the unclassified phase (gray zone) in chronic hepatitis B patients and its significant in the clinical practice. Patients and methods: The study was conducted retrospectively on 109 patients' who have HBsAg positive for more than 6 months. The data recorded include; HbeAg and anti-HBe Ab, ultrasound of the abdomen, HBV DNA load and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), accordingly; we classify the patients to known clinical phases. Patients who were unfit one of these phases

The antibacterial activity of Capparis spinosa L. extracts obtained from Baghdad was evaluated against six clinical bacteria isolates of Helicobacter pylori. The results presented in this work demonstrated that the leaves extract showed a significant effect against bacteria as compared to the root and fruit extracts at 100 mg/ml concentration, with inhibition zone ranging from 12.0 to 30.7 mm in each bacteria strain. The end results of GC-MS analysis indicated that the ethanol extracts of caper have a lot of active chemical compounds, including twenty-five, eighty-two and sixty-eight phytoconstituent compounds, that are distinguished in the extracts of roots, leaves and fruits with C. spinosa L. respectively. I