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The Influence of Sucrose on Biomass and Glycosides Content of Callus Cultured from the Leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Berton
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Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni contains diterpenoid steviol glycosides that have no adverse impact on blood sugar levels despite being 300 times sweeter than sugar. This study aimed to investigate the rate of callus induction from stevia leaves and the content of glycosides when changing the sucrose percentage in the culture medium.. Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture medium supported by 4.0 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 1.0 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA) was used, and different concentrations of sucrose (2, 3, 4, 5 and 6%) were tested .The extraction of glycosides from leaf and callus tissues was performed by using methanol. Extracted glycosides were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed significant influences of sucrose on callus initiation. The concentration of 3% sucrose had the highest fresh and dry weight. No callus was induced in the MS medium with a high concentration of sucrose (5% and 6%). However, the highest glycoside content, stevioside and rebaudioside were obtained from callus treated with 4% concentration followed by 3% sucrose the treatment . The highest fresh and dry weight average was obtained with a 3% concentration of sucrose, this treatment also increased the concentration of glycosides in the callus twice as much as in the leaves, and concentrations of 3% and 4% of sucrose gave very similar concentrations of glycosides in callus in terms of being double what was found in the leaves something which may aid in the development of a stevia glycosides based industry.

Publication Date
Wed Jul 14 2021
Journal Name
Annals Of R.s.c.b.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of heterocyclic compounds derived from Amoxcilline drug.
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A first step in this research was to synthesize Schiff's bases(1-3)using an Amoxcilline intensification reaction with different aromatic aldehydes in absolute ethanol. In benzene and refluxing conditions,Schiff's bases were cyclized with succinic and Phthalic anhydride to give a new sequence of 1,3-oxazepine derivatives(4-6) and (7-9),respectively.The last step,cyclization reactions with sodium azide in THF solvent resulted in the formation of [10 and 11], which are supposed to be biologically significant.FT.IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR (for compound 4,7,9, and 11),as well as melting points reported, were used to characterize these prepared compounds ,Bacillus (G+), Staphylococcus (G+), and E.Coli (G-)were screened against these compounds. . To i

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 03 2018
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Recovery of Aluminum from Industrial Waste (Slag) by Melting and Electrorefining Processes
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Slag of aluminum is a residue which results during the melting process of primary and secondary aluminum production. Salt slag of aluminum is hazardous solid waste according to the European Catalogue for Hazardous Wastes. Hence, recovery of aluminum not only saves the environment, but also has advantages of financial and economic returns. In this research, aluminum was recovered and purified from the industrial wastes generated as waste from both of State Company for Electrical and Electronic Industries (Baghdad/AlWaziriya) and General Company for Mechanical Industries (Babylon/-Al-Escandria). It was found that these wastes contain tiny proportions of other elements such as iron, copper, nickel, titanium, lead, and potassium. Wastes were

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Biochem. Cell. Arch.
Venation pattern and leaf architectures of cordia myxa L. from boraginaceae family
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 03 2020
Journal Name
Biochem. Cell.arch.
SPECTROSCOPIC, THERMODYNAMIC AND KINETIC STUDIES OF LIGAND COMPLEXES DERIVED FROM 2-AMINOTHIOPHENOL
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 26 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Detection and isolation of flavonoids from Calendula officinalis (F.Asteraceae) cultivated in Iraq
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Calendula officinalis L. (Asteraceae) known as marigold is known to have several pharmacological activities and used for the treatment of several diseases as measles, jaundice, constipation and several inflammations. Marigold flowers contain several chemical constituents mainly flavonoids, triterpenoids and essential oil. In this study marigold flowers cultivated in Iraq had been investigated for its flavonoids content. The study revealed the presence of quercetin and kaempferol glycosides and the absence of myricetin glycosides. The flowers were extracted with ethanol 70% fractionated with different solvent and the flavonoids were isolated by preparative HPLC. The isolated flavonoids were identified by measuring melting points, UV, IR,

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2015
Journal Name
International Visible Conference On Educational Studies & Applied Linguistics 2016
A New Perspective About Masculinity and the Issue of Identity in Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and The Sea and Michael Ondaatje's in The Skin of a lion
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A New Perspective About Masculinity and the Issue of Identity in Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and The Sea and Michael Ondaatje's in The Skin of a lion

Publication Date
Sat Jul 27 2024
Journal Name
Scientific Journal Of Sport And Performance
effect of a laser device on some biomechanical variables of the rotational phase in the achievement of 100 m freestyle swimming for the Iraqi team (16-18 years old)
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The researchers have discovered weaknesses in the rotational phase of the 100-meter freestyle event, including a lack of proper movement direction and control of biomechanical variables necessary for swimmers to achieve high rotational accuracy, which leads to outperforming competitors. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of using a laser device on improving the performance of the rotational phase among swimmers on the Iraqi national team. The experimental approach was conducted on a sample of 6 swimmers, representing 100% of the target population. The researchers concluded that the utilization of a proposed laser device in the rotational phase resulted in positive differences in biomechanical variables, contri

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 30 2021
Journal Name
МИР НАУКИ, КУЛЬТУРЫ, ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN THE NAME OF BREAD IN THE GLUTONIC PICTURES OF THE WORLD IN THE RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE AND ARABIC-LANGUAGE NATIONAL-CULTURAL CODES
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The author’s research is dedicated to the actual problem of identifying the linguoculturological and translation features of the glutonic vocabulary both in Russian and in Arabic. It is noted that the vocabulary of the glutonic type is extremely rich and diverse, as it is part of the national and linguistic culture of the Russian and Arab people. In the gastronomic discourse of the Russian people and the Arab peoples, it is represented by various parts of speech. The study of the traditions of food consumption confirmed the rich stylistic possibilities of the glutonic vocabulary, the names of bread in Russian and Arabic languages. It has been established that in modern Russian gastronomic discourse, glutonic lexical units are involved

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Sudden Transition of Pharmacy Education from Traditional to Distance Learning in the Era of COVID-19: Action Steps of a Leading Pharmacy School in Iraq
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Education around the world has been negatively affected by the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Many institutions had to transition to distance learning in compliance with the enforced safety measures. Distance learning might work well for settings with stable internet connections, professional technical teams, and basic implementation of technology in education. In contrast, distance learning faces serious challenges in less fortunate settings with inferior infrastructure. This report aims to shed light on the immediate action steps taken at a leading pharmacy school in Iraq to accommodate for the enforced changes in pharmacy education. The University of Baghdad College of Pharmacy went from less than minimal technology impl

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Identify and Diagnose the Causes of Financial Funding using the Root Cause Analysis Technique
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The analysis of the root cause techniques is a reasonable option to be made to assess the root causes of the funding of construction projects. There are a variety of issues related to financing in construction industries in Iraq. The root,cause analysis is the impact of security and social conditions on financial funding. Variety tools of root cause analysis have originated from literature, as common methods for the detection of root causes. The purpose of this study was to identify and diagnose causes that lead to obstruction of financial funding in the construction projects in the republic of Iraq from the contractors' point of view and their interaction with a number of variables. The study diagnosed nine causes of fi

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