In this work, ZnO quantum dots (Q.dots) and nanorods were prepared. ZnO quantum dots were prepared by self-assembly method of zinc acetate solution with KOH solution, while ZnO nanorods were prepared by hydrothermal method of zinc nitrate hexahydrate Zn (NO3)2.6H2O with hexamethy lenetetramin (HMT) C6H12N4. The optical , structural and spectroscopic properties of the product quantum dot were studied. The results show the dependence of the optical properties on the crystal dimension and the formation of the trap states in the energy band gap. The deep levels emission was studied for n-ZnO and p-ZnO. The preparation ZnO nanorods show semiconductor behavior of p-type, which is a difficult process by doping because native defects.

Localized surface plasmons (LSPs) are a potentially valuable property for the practical use of small size metallic particles. Exploiting the LSPs in metallic nanoparticle (NP)-based solar cells was shown to increase the efficiency of solar panels. A large extinction cross section of NPs allows for high scattering of light at the surface of the panel, which reduces the panel thickness, allowing for small size and low-cost solar cells. In this paper, the extinction cross-section of spherical nanoparticles is studied and simulated numerically. Surface plasmons were first modeled using the Drude’s model then the scattering and absorption cross-sections were derived. Commercial3D simulation software was used to model the near field dis

Giardia lamblia is one of most common protozoan cause diarrheas, and the most health problem in development countries worldwide. Our work aimed to assess activity and toxicity of metronidazole loaded silver nanoparticles in treatment of acute giardiasis in mice. After inoculated mice with Giardia cysts in a dose of 105 cyst for acute infection, treatments were given for eight days. Number Giardia cysts in stool were discovered. Toxicity nanoparticles was estimated by Measurement oxidative stress markers (GSH) and (MDA) in liver, kidney tissue homogenate. The results showed single therapy was better effect by silver nanoparticles, highest percentages of reduction in number of cysts Giardia lamblia of infected mice treated with silver nanopar

تستهدف هذه الدراسة وبشكل أساس، الكشف عن طبيعة وخصائص البعد السياسي لهندسة/صناعة الخصائص الاجتماعية والسياسية للإنسان والمجتمع، بوصفها العملية المسؤولة عن تصميم هذه الخصائص وصناعتها وتغييرها جزئيا أو كليا، دون أبعادها الأخرى المتعددة والمتنوعة، لا لمجرد الانسياق وراء دوافع الرغبة الذاتية، أو اعتبارات التخصص الدقيق وأحكامه، لأن معهما أيضا، بل وقبلهما أحيانا، دوافع واعتبارات أخرى موضوع

This paper presents the results of investigating the vibrational characteristics of oblate dish with and without framed structure . A finite element method, was applied to the dynamic analysis of oblate spheroidal shell. Different types of elements were considered in one dimension and two dimensions. It was found that the natural frequencies of oblate shells had two types of behavior against increasing the shell thickness and eccentricity, which are the membrane mode and bending mode –Since – the membrane modes natural frequencies tend to increase with the increasing the eccentricity of oblate, while the bending modes natural frequencies decrease with the increasing the eccentricity till reach the optimum eccentricity.

Abstract: The premise of the study is that populism is a process of building political views and critical intellectual orientations among the general public. It is transformed into mass beliefs by mobilizing the society ideologically and continuously in order to reach or control the circle of authority. We distributed the study topics to four sections: In the second, we will discuss the contents of contemporary populism and how other forms of populism evolved historically. The third is to discuss the political discourse of populism among the military regimes and the comparative Islamic parties in the Middle East, especially in terms of the essence and the intellectual foundations. The fourth section seeks to examine the characteristics o

       Synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of imidazo (2, 1-b) Thiazole derivatives is reported. Under Mannich conditions, a series of new imidazo (2, 1-b) Thiazole derivatives were synthesized. Starting from the reaction of 2- amino thiazole with 4- bromo phenyl bromide to produce 5-(4-bromo phenyl) imidazo (2, 1-b) thiazoles, following by introduce the substituted aminomethyl at position 6-by reacting with different aromatic amines under Mannich conditions to afford 6-secondary amine-5-(4-bromo phenyl) imidazo (2,1-b) thiazole in high yields.

FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR techniques were used to characterize the synthesized derivatives. In addition, all compounds were tested for their antioxidant activity, and thr

In this study, mixing of  zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with iron oxide(Fe₂O₃) at      (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1)%wt., are deposited on glass substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique for study characterization ZnO:Fe₂O₃ as solar cell electrode. The profound effect of mixed film on the structural and optical of ZnO: Fe₂O₃ thin films was observed. Meanwhile, the films have polycrystalline Hexagonal structures for ZnO, Rhombohedra and cubic structure for Fe₂O₃, and as indicated by the X-ray diffraction patterns of the films. The mean crystallite size of ZnO increase with increasing mixed ratio. The direct energy

In the present work, a Z-scan technique was used to study the nonlinear optical properties, represented by the nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficients of the Ag nanoparticles. In this technique, a pulsed second harmonic Nd :YAG laser at wavelength 532 nm was used. The results show that the nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficients of the Ag nanoparticles are found to be dependent on the size these nanoparticles.

This study uses the optical emission spectroscopy (OES) technique to find the lead(Pb) and sulfur (S) plasma parameters employing a pulse of Nd: YAG laser (Q-switched 1064nm wavelength) and different laser energies of (400,500,600 and 700 mJ). The electron temperature T_e (eV) is calculated using the Boltzmann-Plot method, and the electron density n_e (cm^-3)is determined by the Stark broadened way. Moreover, Debye length λ_D (cm) and plasma frequency ω_p (Hz) are studied as a function of laser energy. An apparent increase was noted in the electron temperature of lead plasma and a decrease in sulfur plasma. The results also showed that each increase in the laser intensity causes an incr