Medicinal plants contain bioactive substances that are highly bioavailable in extracts or pure molecules, making them promising for therapeutic applications and precursors for chemo-pharmaceutical semi-synthesis. Harpagophytum procumbens (Devil’s Claw) is widely recognized as one of the most potent therapeutic herbs. This study aimed to extract seeds from H. procumbens using two types of solvents and to assess both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the extracts. The two extracts were evaluated for antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities using agar well diffusion assays against four bacterial isolates and two yeast isolates. Qualitative analysis identified the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids. The active components detected were: alkaloids (12.69%), flavonoids (3.25%), total phenolic compounds (24.58%), total terpenoids (8.55%), and total steroids (1.25% for methanolic and 4.55% for petroleum ether). Both methanolic and petroleum ether extracts exhibited antioxidant activities of approximately 85.33% and 74.19%, respectively, compared to ascorbic acid, which had an antioxidant effect of 67.99% at a concentration of 200 µg/ml. The extracts demonstrated a broad spectrum of activity against all tested bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes) and fungi (Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis). At a concentration of 1000 µg/ml, the seed extracts showed the highest bactericidal activity, with inhibition zones ranging from 10 to 22 mm. Moreover, both extracts exhibited greater anti-biofilm activity at 1000 µg/ml compared to lower concentrations. Our study found that seed extracts of H. procumbens possess significant antibacterial and antioxidant activities, particularly at a concentration of 1000 µg/ml.
In this work we used the environmentally friendly method to prepared ZrO2 nanoparticles utilizing the extract of Thyms plant In basic medium and at pH 12, the ZrO2 NPs was characterized by different techniques such as FTIR, ultraviolet visible, Atomic force microscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Energy dispersive X-ray. The average crystalline size was calculated using the Debye Scherres equation in value 7.65 nm. Atomic force microscope results showed the size values for ZrO2 NPs were 45.11nm, and there are several distortions due to the presence of some large sizes. Atomic force microscope results showed the typical size values for ZrO2 NPs were 45.11 nm, and there are several distortions due to the presence of so
... Show MoreA biostimulant is any microorganism or substance used to enhance the efficiency of nutrition, tolerance to abiotic stress and/or quality traits of crops, depending on its contents from nutrients. Plant biostimulants like honey bee (HB) and silymarin (Sm) are a strategic trend for managing stressed crops by promoting nutritional and hormonal balance, regulating osmotic protectors, antioxidants, and genetic potential, reflecting plant growth and productivity. We applied diluted honey bee (HB) and silymarin-enriched honey bee (HB- Sm) as foliar nourishment to investigate their improving influences on growth, yield, nutritional and hormonal balance, various osmoprotectant levels, different components of antioxidant system, and genetic p
... Show MoreA significant amount of apiaries is destroyed in most areas of Iraq by attacking of the hornet
Experimental study has been conducted for laminar natural convection heat transfer of air flow through a rectangular enclosure fitted with vertical partition. The partition was oriented parallel to the two vertical isothermal walls with different temperatures, while all the other surfaces of the enclosure were insulated. In this study a test rig has been designed and constructed to allow studying the effect of Rayleigh number, aperture height ratio, partition thickness, the position of aperture according to the side walls and according to the height, the position of the partition according to the hot wall, and partition inclination. The experiments were carried out with air as the working fluid for Rayleigh number range (5*107 – 1.3*10
... Show MoreThe aim of this work is the synthesis of new Schiff base derived from PVA and Erythro-ascorbic acid derivative (pentulosono-ɣ-lactone-2,3-enedianisoate) and its metal complexes of biological significance. All synthesized compounds were characterized by Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and FTIR spectra and aldehyde was also characterized by (U.V-Vis), 1HNMR, 13CNMR and mass spectra. The synthesized Schiff base & its metal complexes were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against five pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Shigella dysentery,Klebsiellapneumonae,Staphylococcusaureus, Staphylococcus Albus) and two fungal (Aspergillus Niger,Yeast).The biological activity ofall complexes is higher than free Schiff base ligand andf
... Show MoreThe work presented in this research deals with the synthesis and physico-chemical characterization of Schiff base ligand (HL) created from vanillin with p-aminoazobenzene containing (N, O) as donor atoms. The synthesis ligand (HL) was characterized by the CHN, (FT-IR), (UV-Vis), (1H,13C-NMR) and mass spectroscopy, in addition the melting point were used to charac-terize the Schiff base. A series of mixed metal ligands complexes were formed by using Schiff base ligand (HL) as primary ligand and Paracetamol (PAR) as a secondary ligand with five divalent metal ions; Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd(II) and Hg. The formed complexes were characterized by using some analytical and standard spectroscopic methods; molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibil-ity, FT-IR,
... Show MoreIn the present work, the phthalic acid (phthH2) and 1.10 phenonthroline (phen), and their complexes were synthesized and isolated as [M(phth)(phen)2], Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II) Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) ions. These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, melting point, conductivity, percentage metal, UV–Vis, FT-IR, and magnetic moment measurements. The molar conductance indicates that all the metal complexes in DMSO are nonelectrolytic. phthalic acid (phtha), and 1,10-Phenanthroline (phen), behaved as bidentate, coordinating to the metal ion through their two oxygen and two pyridinyl nitrogen atoms respectively, as corroborated by. Electronic spectra, FTIR, spectroscopy amusement indicated that all the metal complexes ad
... Show MoreAs major nosocomial pathogens,
In this study, 20