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Classification of Apple Slices Treated by Atmospheric Plasma Jet for Post-harvest Processes Using Image Processing and Convolutional Neural Networks
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Abstract<p>Apple slice grading is useful in post-harvest operations for sorting, grading, packaging, labeling, processing, storage, transportation, and meeting market demand and consumer preferences. Proper grading of apple slices can help ensure the quality, safety, and marketability of the final products, contributing to the post-harvest operations of the overall success of the apple industry. The article aims to create a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to classify images of apple slices after immersing them in atmospheric plasma at two different pressures (1 and 5 atm) and two different immersion times (3 and again 6 min) once and in filtered water based on the hardness of the slices using the k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Tree, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithms. The results showed an inverse relationship between the storage period and the hardness of the apple slices, with the average hardness values gradually decreasing from 4.33 (day 1) to 3.37 (day 5). Treatment with atmospheric plasma at a pressure of 5 atm and an immersion time of 3 min gave the best results for maintaining the hardness of the slices during the storage period, recording values of 4.85 (first day) and 3.68 (fifth day), outperforming other treatments. The average improvement rate was 23.09% over five consecutive days. Regarding the CNN algorithms, the ANN algorithm achieved the highest classification accuracy of 97%, while the Tree algorithm achieved the lowest accuracy of 88.7%. The KNN and SVM algorithms achieved classification accuracies of 94.7% and 95.1%, respectively. The study demonstrated the possibility of using a CNN to classify apple slices based on the degree of hardness. Furthermore, the application of atmospheric plasma at 5 atmospheres with a 3-min immersion improves the firmness of the apple slices by inhibiting degradative enzymes while preserving the cellular structure and tissue quality.</p>
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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison of Slice inverse regression with the principal components in reducing high-dimensions data by using simulation
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This research aims to study the methods of reduction of dimensions that overcome the problem curse of dimensionality when traditional methods fail to provide a good estimation of the parameters So this problem must be dealt with directly . Two methods were used to solve the problem of high dimensional data, The first method is the non-classical method Slice inverse regression ( SIR ) method and the proposed weight standard Sir (WSIR) method and principal components (PCA) which is the general method used in reducing dimensions,    (SIR ) and (PCA) is based on the work of linear combinations of a subset of the original explanatory variables, which may suffer from the problem of heterogeneity and the problem of linear

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Developing Human Capital according to the Communities of Practice: A comparative study by using Data Envelopment Analysis
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The research discusses the need to find the innovative structures and methodologies for developing Human Capital (HC) in Iraqi Universities. One of the most important of these structures is Communities of Practice (CoPs) which contributes to develop HC by using learning, teaching and training through the conversion speed of knowledge and creativity into practice. This research has been used the comparative approach through employing the methodology of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) by using (Excel 2010 - Solver) as a field evidence to prove the role of CoPs in developing HC. In light of the given information, a researcher adopted on an archived preliminary data about (23) colleges at Mosul University as a deliberate sample for t

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 20 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The tax examination by using some statistical methods: An applied research in the General Commission of taxes
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this research aims at a number of objectives including Developing the tax examination process and raise its efficiency without relying on comprehensive examination method using some statistical methods in the tax examination and Discussing the most important concepts related to the statistical methods used in the tax examination and showing its importance and how they are applied. the research represents an applied study in the General Commission of taxes. In order to achieve its objectives the research has used in the theoretical side the descriptive approach (analytical), and in the practical side Some statistical methods applied to the sample of the final accounts for the contracting company (limited) and the pharmaceutical industry (

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The role of an active teacher in developing the curriculum by using educational techniqes a theoretical study
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Preparing teacher occupies the attention of many thinkers and philosophers since the age of
kaldinics ( people of mesoptam / 2342 pH ) to the Islamic age where moslems philosophers
focus their attention on thought and philosophy where the philosophy of that teaching
depends on : teacher , student and family begin .
So , the issue of preparing and training teacher occupies the attention of education scientists
depending on his vital and important role in implementing of teaching policies in philosophies
and Islamic educational thought , therefore , the preparing and development of the teacher
regards as one of the basics of teaching development because of its importance in
development of teaching performance and th

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 11 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Al-nahrain University
ESTIMATION ACTIVITY OF LAP IN PATIENT S WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES BY USING LEUCINE AMIDE AS SUBSTRATE
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This study was performd on 50 serum specimens of patients with type 2 diabetes, in addition, 50 normal specimens were investigated as control group. The activity rate of LAP in patients (560.46 10.504) I.U/L and activity rate of LAP in healthy(10.58 4.39)I.U/L.The results of the study reveal that Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) activity of type 2 diabetes patient s serum shows a high signifiacant increase (p < 0.001) compare to healthy subjects. Addition preparation leucine amide as substrate of LAP, identification melting point and spectra by FTIR. K

Publication Date
Mon Aug 18 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The Measurements of Maxillary Alveolar Bone Density at 13-15 Years Age by Using Spiral Computerized Tomography
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Background: Bone density is a major factor that affect mini implant primarily stability; no Iraqi studies have evaluated bone density related to mini-implant placement for orthodontic anchorage at age 13 -15 years. The present research aims to evaluate gender, side and site differences in the bone density at various orthodontic implant sites for the maxillary alveolar bone. Materials and methods: Twenty nine individuals (16 males and 13 females) had subjected to clinical examination, then 64-multislice computed tomography scan data were evaluated and bone density was measured in Hounsfield unit at 21 points (9 points for each side and 3 points between the right and left central incisors) . Results: The results obtained showed that there ar

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 04 2022
Journal Name
Cureus
The Impact of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE-2) on Bone Remodeling Marker Osteoprotegerin (OPG) in Post-COVID-19 Iraqi Patients
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Publication Date
Sun Sep 05 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Composition operator induced by ?(z) = sz + t for which |s|?1, |t|<1 and |s|+|t|?1
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We study in this paper the composition operator that is induced by ?(z) = sz + t. We give a characterization of the adjoint of composiotion operators generated by self-maps of the unit ball of form ?(z) = sz + t for which |s|?1, |t|<1 and |s|+|t|?1. In fact we prove that the adjoint is a product of toeplitz operators and composition operator. Also, we have studied the compactness of C? and give some other partial results.

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Publication Date
Fri May 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Microbiology And Biotechnology
Bioactive Levan-Type Exopolysaccharide Produced by <i>Pantoea agglomerans</i> ZMR7: Characterization and Optimization for Enhanced Production
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Publication Date
Fri Jul 27 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Prosthodontics
A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis for Overdenture Attachments Supported by Teeth and/or Mini Dental Implants
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