The purpose of this study to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles using phenolic compounds obtained from Camellia sinensis, to test the antibacterial properties of biosynthesized nanoparticles on the formation of biofilms in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ten isolates of P. aeruginosa were obtained from the Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute laboratories of the University of Baghdad. By using the VITEK-2 system and culturing the isolates on cetrimide agar, the diagnosis was confirmed. Camellia sinensis silver nanoparticles (CAgNPs) were created using an extract of the plant's aqueous and methanolic leaves. Based on the results of the nanoparticle synthesis, spherical nanoparticles that may be single or mixed were included in both the aqueous and methanolic extracts of silver nanoparticles. By comparing their retention times to those of the reference compounds, the HPLC findings revealed that two phenolic compounds (gallic acid and caffeine) had been discovered. Utilising the disc diffusion technique, the antibacterial activity of (CAgNPs) was assessed. The results indicated that the methanolic (CAgNPs) extract was more effective than the aqueous (CAgNPs) extract at 375 and 750 ppm, giving the highest inhibition zone 17.67 and 21.33 mm, respectively, when compared to the aqueous (CAgNPs) extract, which produced inhibitory zones 13.00 and 16.33 mm, respectively. The MIC findings indicated that the methanolic CAgNPs extract was more effective than the aqueous CAgNPs extract; the MIC of the methanolic CAgNPs extract was 23.43 μg/ml in all P. aeruginosa isolates, except the isolates No. 9 and 10, which was 11.718 μg/ml. While in the aqueous extract, the MIC in all P. aeruginosa isolates was 187.5 μg/ml, with the exception of isolates No. 9 and 10, which was 93.75 μg/ml. Additionally, the methanolic CAgNPs extract entirely inhibited P. aeruginosa from building a biofilm when used at 23.43 μg/ml. However, at 46.87 μg/ml of the aqueous CAgNPs extract, totally reduced the biofilm forming activity on P. aeruginosa isolates
Schiff base ligand (H2CANPT) was prepared by two steps: first, by the condensation of curcumin with 4-amino antipyrin produces4,4'-(((1E,3Z,5Z,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3- methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-diylidene)bis(azanylylidene))bis(1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl- 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one) (CANP). Second, by the condensation of (CANP) with L-tyrosine produces2,2'-(((3Z,3'Z)-(((1E,3Z,5Z,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta 1,6-diene-3,5-diylidene)bis(azanylylidene))bis(1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3-H-pyrazole- 4-yl-3-ylidene))bis(azanylylidene))bis(3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid) (H2CANPT). The resulted Schiff comported as hexadentate coordinated with (N4O2) atoms, then it was treated with some transition and non-transaction met
... Show MoreLiposomal amphotericin B (Amph B) has been used effectively to treat leishmaniosis, in spite of its high toxicity appeared in some patients. In our study, Amph B was administered in Leishmania donovani that infected BALB/c male mice using different concentrations to evaluate its efficacy challenge against infection as well as its effect in modulating immunity of the host. We observed that low doses with short duration of Amph B as a therapy regime significantly enhanced the induction of Th1 cytokine (INF-γ), but suppressed Th2 cytokine (IL-10) production. Groups of mice infected with L. donovani and treated with Amph B showed clearly increasing in INF-γ level and reduction in IL-10 level in concentration (3, 4, 5 mg/ml/kg) with best resul
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The aim of this paper is to identify Nano-particles that have been used in diagnosis and treatment of leishmaniasis in Iraq. All experiments conducted in this field were based on the following nanoparticles: gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, zinc nanoparticles, and sodium chloride nanoparticles. Most of these experiments were reviewed in terms of differences in the concentrations of nanoparticles and the method that was used in the experiments whether it was in vivo or in vitro. These particles used in most experiments succeeded in inhibiting the growth of Leishmania parasites.
raisin on mice in comparison with negative (phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and positive Mitomycin-C (MMC) controls. Moreover, the effect on fertility hormones (follicles stimulation hormone/FSH, lutenising hormone/LH) was also measured. The effect of the extracted samples were measured by employing cytogenetic analysis which included (the mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and micronucleus (MN)) parameters. Results showed that significant increase in MI and significant reduction in both CAs and MN percentage were seen after treatment with both alcoholic and water extracts of the two raisins and alcoholic extracts was more effective than water extracts. On the other hand both the gold and black raisin enhanced the levels of the
... Show MoreBackground: The interest in herbal extracts as antimicrobial agents has increased over the past few years in endodontic therapy. Nasturtium officinale (watercress) is a promising plant with great medicinal values. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of watercress oil in combination with calcium hydroxide against Candida albicans as intracanal medicament. Materials and Methods: Candida albicans was isolated from patients with necrotic root canal or failed root canal treatment. The sensitivity of Candida albicans to different concentrations of watercress oil extract was determined by using the agar well diffusion method in comparison with calcium hydroxide paste. The agar plate method was used to determine the minimum fung
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The Na-alginate bead is commonly used in biotechnology fields such as adsorption due to ion exchange between Ca and Na with elements. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) has proven to be a comparative method in the detections of these adsorbed elements, but the un-flat forming area of beads that can introduce impossible of the detection of element adsorbed. In contrast, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) documents analysis of elements, direct examination, which may analysis the adsorbents of elements. Here, this Study evaluated the possibility by using XRF for the direct analysis for examples of Cd and Ag in a bench stand. This Study compared this to commonly use
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This study uses an environmentally friendly and low-cost synthesis method to manufacture zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) by using zinc sulfate. Eucalyptus leaf extract is an effective chelating and capping agent for synthesizing ZnO NPs. The structure, morphology, thermal behavior, chemical composition, and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles were studied utilizing FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDAX, AFM, and Zeta potential analysis. The FE-SEM pictures confirmed that the ZnO NPs with a size range of (22-37) nm were crystalline and spherical. Two methods were used to prepare ZnO NPs. The first method involved calcining the resulting ZnO NPs, while the second method did not. The prepared ZnO NPs were used as adsorbents for removing acid black 210
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This study was carried out in order to determine the toxic, mutagenic and antimutagenic effects for Mallow (Malva parviflora) in comparison to its mutagenic effect of Ultraviolet (UV) because it is consider physical mutagen by using parameters for the extract pri , with , post UV exposure by using bacterial system (G-system). The used system consisted of three isolates G3 Bacillus spp., G12 Arthrobacter spp. and G27 Brevibacterium spp.. The study depended on recording survival fraction (Sx) for studying the effects and induction of Streptomycin and Refampicin resistance mutants as a genetic markers.Water Extract was prepared from fresh and dry mallow leaves, stems, flowers and roots, in optimum concentration equal to (125µg/ml) which is
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