Purpose: Studying the activity of acid phosphatase, which is the marker of lysosomal activity in the mammary glands of rats at different stages of the physiological maturation [virgih, pregnancy, lactation and Post lactation] Methods: Forty, female, albino rats were used in this study. They were divided into four groups according to their physiological states [virgin, pregnancy, lactation and post lactation]. The mammary glands, after suitable fixation and sectioning, were employed for routine haematoxylin and eosin stain and for acid phosphatase demonstration Results: Acid phosphatase activity was weakly diffuse in the secretory tubules of virgin rats, the diffuse and granular activity of this enzyme was increased during pregnancy in the secretory alveolar cells. The latter cells showed maximum granular activity during lactation. Weak granular with relatively strong diffuse activity of the enzyme was noticed in the alveolar cells of post lactational state. Acid phosphatase activity, in the surrounding connective tissue of the mammary glands of the latter state, was obviously increased in comparing with other experimental groups Conclusion: The lysosomes behave differently in the various phases of the physiological maturation of the mammary glands and as follows: They were inactive in virgin rats They increased during pregnancy and they play a role in tissue remodeling as the organ Grows The lysosomes extensively increased during lactation and they control the secretory processes in the mammary epithelium by fusing with the secretory granules After two weeks of weaning, the
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Menopause is the lack of menstrual cycle for at least six months. Due to hormonal changes, the alternation of lipid profile as a risk factor related to heart disease increases during menopause . One hundred twenty Iraqi women, aged between 40-65 years, were selected for this study. They were divided into two groups: 60 premenopausal and 60 postmenopausal women, and then each group was further divided into two subgroups: 20 women with hyperthyroidism and 20 with hypothyroidism, as well as 20 healthy women as control group. Blood samples were collected to estimate hormonal parameter by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and lipid profile using enzymatic technique. The results showed that alterations in lipid profile inc
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Background: Osteoporosis is a skeletal defect manifested by a reduction of bone strength as a result of reduced bone mass to the extent that there is a higher risk of fracture even on minor trauma. Hysterectomy in a premenopausal woman is a well known cause of ovarian failure resulting in an increased risk of osteoporosis.
Objective : To clarify bisphosphonate's preventive effect on osteopenia and osteoporosis in premenopausal women after hysterectomy.
Type of the study: Cross –sectional study.
Method: 84 premenopausal females post hysterectomy aged between 40 – 50 years, were enrolled in this randomized controlled double blinded trail a
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Background: The normal decline in systolic blood pressure during recovery phase of treadmill exercise dose not occur in most patients with coronary artery disease, in others recovery values systolic blood pressure may even exceed the peak exercise value. Objectives: Treadmill exercise test parameters indicating the presence and extent of coronary artery disease have traditionally included such as exercise duration, blood pressure and ST-segment response to exercise. The three –minute systolic blood pressure ratio is another important indicator of presence and significance of coronary artery disease is useful and obtainable measure that can be applied in all patients who are undergoing stress testing for evaluation of suspected is
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New tetradentate Schiff base [H2L] namely [2,2׳ -(ethane-1,2- diylbis (azan-1-ylylidene) diacetic acid)] was prepared from condensation of ethylenediamine with glyoxylic acid in ethanol as a solvent in presence of drops of 48% HBr .The structure of ligand (H2L) was characterized by,F-IR, U.V-Vis.,1H-,13C-NMR, pectrophotometer,melting point and elemental microanalysis C.H.N. Metal complexes of the ligand (H2L) in general Molecular formula [M(L)(H2O)2], where M= Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Mn(II) and Hg(II); L=(C6H8N2O4) were synthesized were characterized by, Atomic absorption, F-IR, U.V-Vis. spectra, molar conductivity and magnetic susceptibility.It was found that all the complexes showed octahedral geometries.And
... Show MoreA total of 247 Mallard ( Anas platyrhynchos platyrhynchos L.) from Baghdad and Kut were examined for the Cestodes Diorchis stefanskii Sobolevicanthes gracilis; Hymenolepis mastigopraditae and the Nematode Amidostomum acutum in the first time in Iraq . Among these , 151 birds were found infected by these helminthes It has been found small nodules on the external surface of the intestine , Ulceration of mucosa inflammatory infiltrate , Oedemats changes and hyperplasia in the section of infected intestine were noticed.
Tropical illnesses caused by parasites proceed to cause socioeconomic devastation that reverberate worldwide protozoan parasites, like Leishmania. This parasite has an enormous public health problem in many countries. There is a growing requisite for new control methods for many of these illnesses due to the increasing drug resistance showed by the parasites and problems with drug poisonousness. In this study, fifty-five patients (burns and wounds) were collected from patients from Al-Yarmouk Hospital and Teaching Baghdad Hospital during the period from November, 2015 to January, 2016. Cultural and morphological characteristic examination, biochemical tests were conducted and confirmed the diagnosis by antibiotics sensitivity te
... Show MoreBackground: Menopause can bring oral health problems and also associated with significant adverse changes in the orofacial complex. After menopause, women become more susceptible to periodontal disease due to deficiency of estrogen hormone. Current study aimed to evaluate the periodontal health status in relation to salivary constituent including pH, flow rate and some elements (Magnesium, Calcium and inorganic phosphorus) of pre and post-menopause women. Materials and Methods: Periodontal health status of 52 women aged 48-50 years old (26 pre-menopause and 26 post-menopause) were examined including (gingival index, plaque index, calculus index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level). Salivary sample was collected for two women
... Show MoreThe platelet activity and some immunological aspects of
coronary heart disease CIID were investigated by employing platelet count and serum levels of IgG,IgM and lgA,C3 and C4.Three groups of patients were investigated : patients with ischemic heart disease IHD, patients with lliD+hypcrtension and patients with IHD+unstable angina.The results revealed that the mean of platelets (mm') was significantly reduced in IHD+unstable angina group
2.72.L I.l2 compared with conrol b'TOUp 8.13±2.72.
With respect to the immunological study, the re;;ults revea
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