There is of great importance to know the values of the optical constants of materials due to their relationship with the optical properties and then with their practical applications. For this reason, it was proposed to study the optical constants of amorphous silicon nanostructures (quantum well, quantum wire, and quantum dot) because of their importance in the world of optical applications. In this study, it was adopted the Herve and Vandamme (HV) model of the refractive index because it was found that this model has very good optical properties for almost all semiconductors. Also, it was carried out by applying experimental results for the energy gaps of these three nanostructures, which makes the results of the theoretical calculations that were more realistic. The optical constants were studied as a function of the energy of the spectrum, which ranged from the ultraviolet region to the infrared region. The sizes of the three nanostructures ranged from 1nm to 10 nm. There are two important factors in determining the results, namely, the increase in the degree of quantum confinement of nanostructures and the decrease in the size of these structures, as it is noted that the absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, and the dielectric constant decrease by the influence of these two factors, taking into account the shifting of energy for each of these constants.
The official spokesperson considered responsible for the transmission of information and communication messages that convey the government’s view on the various political and economic issues that affect the public opinion towards the performance achieved by the various governmental institutions and for the purpose of communicating with the media in a positive and effective manner, a number of institutions in the world in general and in Iraq in particular have nominated a spokesman to coordinate the efforts and the dissemination of news and the preparation of press conferences to contribute to the achievement of a positive and effective level between the government and the media, so this study has tackled to deal with the credibility of
... Show MoreThis research seeks to study the role of military bases in activating defense diplomacy, with a focus on studying the case of France in the African continent, which relied on its military bases as a tool to implement its foreign policy. The research explains the concept of defense diplomacy and its relationship to military bases as an effective tool to strengthening bilateral relations between the state's parties. The research focuses on studying the effectiveness of military bases as a tool for activating French defense diplomacy, and studying the goals that French foreign policy seeks to achieve through its intervention or presence in the African continent. In addition to the geopolitical reasons that prompted France to move to
... Show MoreThe theatrical view reflects various connotations and intellectual and aesthetic implications, as the view includes a symbolic geometric, architectural and archetypal connotation suggestive of reality and nature, as theatrical art is the woman that reflects reality, specifically the significance of the theatrical view that reveals to us the philosophical, aesthetic and cognitive dimensions of theatrical trends, so the research came with the methodological framework, which It included the research problem (what is the significance of the scene as a symbolic system in the Iraqi theatrical performance), the importance of the research and the need for it, the research objective, the limits of the research and the most important terms.
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The governmental projects are considers the prevailing in Iraq, as most of the projects implemented by the Government, the major role played by governmental projects in the provision of services to citizens and improve the economic situation in the country in general, in addition to the huge number of these projects implemented by the governmental organizations and the large failure rates of it , and because of the fact that these projects are stumbled before they reach the stage of failure, The aim of this research to identify the main factors for the stumble projects in addition to identifying the most influential factor on the causes and consequences of it , like (cost overruns , time overruns , delay and scope
... Show Moreسعي المجتمع العراقي منذ أكثر من نصف قرن مضى لإعادة استثمار عشرات المليارات من الدولارات من الإيرادات النفطية في القطاع الزراعي وهياكله وبنياته التحية، كإنشاء السدود والخزانات المائية واستصلاح الأراضي والمشاريع الإنتاجية الحيوانية والنباتية وبطاقات كادت تقترب او تتجاوز حاجز طلب السكان من الأغذية والمنتوجات الزراعية التي تغذي الصناعة الا ان الزيادة السكانية وتحسن مستوى الدخل النفطي شكلا انتقالا جدي
... Show MoreThe grammar structure transforms from its fundamental field to another field that takes new dimensions, and is used in another way in speech that differs from the first one, because the formula basis of the name(Faael) in speech is a (distorted characteristic), and the distorted characteristic indicates the stability and the necessity of the characterized. as this characteristic has changed from its use as a distorted characteristic which was established by the elders. to a use that differs from the first and cannot be overlooked to achieve a new purpose, to be used as plural
Objective: Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a common inflammatory disease that causes destruction to the supporting tissues of the teeth. Many treatment modalities tried to stop the disease progression. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is one of the regenerative methods that used in adjunct to conventional periodontal treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of PRP by monitoring the lymphocyte count before and after its application to the periodontal pocket. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients, with CP and a pocket depth equal to or deeper than 4 mm, subjected to scaling, root planing, and PRP injection into the pocket. The lymphocyte count measured before an
The research deals with the impact of the nature of social and political formation in the orientation towards extremism through tracking the institutions and beliefs that the individual is going through. The role of the family, the group, the school, education, and religion has been touched upon in acquiring the trends of extremism, whether publicly or covertly, Focusing on the social and economic contexts that are an incubator environment for extremism supported by the form of the group and the beliefs it espouses, whether direct through religion or indirectly through the nature of education, this study relied on political literature that addressed this The topic, which focused on the phenomenon of extremism that swept the world recentl
... Show MoreThe current research dealt with contrastive structures and the culture of reception in the design of interior spaces as embodying a rhetorical aspect that reveals formal values related to the meanings of beauty through the mechanisms of symbolism and interpretation that drives mental behavior and is in harmony with intellectual data and its performance function.
Hence, the research in the first chapter dealt with the research problem, the need for it, and the extent of the necessity that calls for studying contrastive structures in interior design and architecture, and touching and searching for what is the paradox and its representations for the recipient, in which the interior designer plays an active role in presenting the best cre