In this paper we study the effect of adding Zinc Oxide powder (ZnO) at different ratios (10%,20%,30%,40%,50%) as particles and organic dyes rhodamine B(RhB), rohdamine 6G(Rh6G) and eosin(EO) are added at different doping ratios to polystyrene (PS), to form photosensitized(PS/ZnO/dye) composites, for samples were prepared as films by spin method. Photoconductive properties are investigated.     For I-V characteristic measurements, the photocurrent (Iph) and dark current (Id) are generally increased in non linear behavior with increasing light intensity and applied voltage for all composites. The photocurrent goes decrease through its maximum value at high white light intensities or high voltage for 2.4*10-

Zinc oxide nanoparticles sample is prepared by the precipitation method. This method involves using zinc nitrate and urea in aqueous solution, then (AgNO3) Solution with different concentrations is added. The obtained precipitated compound is structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The average particle size of nanoparticles is around 28nm in pure, the average particle size reaches 26nm with adding AgNO3 (0.05g in100ml =0.002 M) (0.1g in100ml=0.0058M), AgNO3 (0.2g in 100ml=0.01M) was 25nm. The FTIR result shows the existence of -CO, -CO2, -OH, and -NO2- groups in sample and oxides (ZnO, Ag2O).and used an

In this research, a novel thin film Si-GO10 and nanopowders Si-GO30 of silica-graphene oxide (GO) composite were prepared via the sol–gel method and deposited on glass substrates using spray pyrolysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed a relatively strong peak in the graphite layer that corresponds to the (002) plane. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed that SiO₂ nanoparticles were randomly distributed on the surface of GO plates, and the particle size in these nanopowders was below 50 nm. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis demonstrated that silica nanoparticles on the surface of GO plates exhibited almost spherical and rod-like nanoparticle shape, which in tur

Thin films of vanadium oxide nanoparticles doped with different concentrations of europium oxide (2, 4, 6, and 8) wt % are deposited on glass and Si substrates with orientation (111) utilizing by pulsed laser deposition technique using Nd:YAG laser that has a wavelength of 1064 nm, average frequency of 6 Hz and pulse duration of 10 ns. The films were annealed in air at 300 °C for two hours, then the structural, morphological and optical properties are characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy respectively. The X-ray diffraction results of V2O5:Eu2O3 exhibit that the film has apolycrystalline monoclinic V2O5 and triclinic V4O7 phases. The FESEM image shows a h

A hybrid nanoparticles light emitting diode (NPs-LED) was fabricated as layers of ITO/TPD:PMMA/ Eu₂O₃ / Alq₃ / Al, by phase segregation method using spin coating technique. The NPs-LED hybrid device emitted light and consisted of three layers in a definite order placed on the transparent conducting oxide as an ITO substrate; the first layer was made of (N, N'-bis (3-methylphenyl) -N, N'-bis (phenyl) benzidine) (TPD) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymers combined together. The second layer consisted of Europium (III) oxide (Eu₂O₃), while the third  layer was Alq₃, one of the most frequently-used electron transport layers.

The electroluminescence (EL) of N

In this paper, the productions of gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃) nanoparticles were achieved via using the Nd: YAG laser deposition method with a fundamental wavelength (1064 nm). These nanoparticles were characterized by using different methods such as X-ray diffractometer (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy. To examine the effects of laser energy on the properties of nanoparticles, the experimental results and theoretical considerations were prepared by the effective method of pulse laser deposition. The synthesis of Ga₂O₃NPs) was achieved with different ranges of energies (500 to 900 mJ). Average crystallite sizes of the synthesized nanopar

 The gas sensing properties of undoped Co₃O₄ and doped with Y₂O₃ nanostructures were investigated. The films were synthesized using the hydrothermal method on a seeded layer. The XRD, SEM analysis and gas sensing properties were investigated for the prepared thin films. XRD analysis showed that all films were polycrystalline, of a cubic structure with crystallite size of (12.6) nm for cobalt oxide and (12.3) nm for the Co₃O₄:6% Y₂O₃. The SEM analysis of thin films indicated that all films undoped Co₃O₄ and doped possessed a nanosphere-like structure.

The sensi

The child spends several hours watching animated films, which affect their behavior negatively and positively. This calls parents to monitor what their children are watching, to show them the serious risks of some violent films, and to direct them toward choosing both positive and educational programs that develop their positive behavior. This study aimed to explore the positive and negative effects of watching animation films as well as to identify the role animation films in increasing the cognitive knowledge of kindergarteners. To do this, the descriptive and analytical methods were used. A questionnaire was adopted as a tool for data collection. A scale of (45) items classified into three categories was applied on  the r