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In vitro apical microleakage evaluation for different endodontic sealers by spectrophotometric analysis: an observational study
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Background: It has been established that several filling techniques can affect apical leakage, which is responsible for 59% of endodontic failures. The primary goal of endodontic therapy is to create a tight seal that aids in repairing the periapical tissues, prevents apical periodontitis, and shields against root canal infection. The study aims to compare the apical sealing ability of epoxy resin based sealer  (AH plus), which is an epoxy-resin-based root canal sealer, GuttaFlow 2, which is a silicone-based root canal sealer, GuttaFlow bioseal is a bioactive glass-based root canal sealer, TotalFill HiFlow bioceramic (BC) sealer is a silicate-based root canal sealer (bioceramic sealer) using a single cone technique by spectrophotometric analysis.

 Methods: This study chose 64 maxillary first molars with a straight palatal root. Following palatal roots sectioning to 11 mm from the root apex, the canals were instrumented up to size X4 using Protaper Next. They were separated into  four experimental groups (n = 15) per each group based on the kind of sealer utilized, Group I: AH plus, Group II: GuttaFlow 2, Group III: GuttaFlow bioseal, Group IV: TotalFill BC HiFlow, and two control groups (n =2 for each).  After completing obturation, the dye extraction technique was used to evaluate apical leakage. A spectrophotometer was used to measure the optical density of the solution after all the dyes were liberated from the interfacial regions.

Result: A statistically non-significant difference between the investigated root canal sealers in apical microleakage P > 0.05 was noted. The highest mean values were observed in group IV (0.08046), group I(0.07731), and group II(0.06209), while the lowest mean value in group III (0.05719)

Conclusions: All types of sealers used in this investigation showed various amounts of microleakage. None of the sealants could completely close the apical foramen to provide a fluid-tight seal.

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2020
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Analysis of Different Hand and Finger Grip Patterns using Surface Electromyography and Hand Dynamometry
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Recording an Electromyogram (EMG) signal is essential for diagnostic procedures like muscle health assessment and motor neurons control. The EMG signals have been used as a source of control for powered prosthetics to support people to accomplish their activities of daily living (ADLs). This work deals with studying different types of hand grips and finding their relationship with EMG activity. Five subjects carried out four functional movements (fine pinch, tripod grip and grip with the middle and thumb finger, as well as the power grip). Hand dynamometer has been used to record the EMG activity from three muscles namely; Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR), Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS), and Abductor Pollicis Brevis (ABP) with different

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
Study the effect of cytokinins and auxins in the composition and production of In Vitro plantlets Hippeastrum Hybridum
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Publication Date
Mon Jun 23 2025
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Evaluation in the Kurdish Media Institutions (A Descriptive Study Survey)
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The importance of evaluation depends on many institutions, whether governmental or private, including media institutions, rely on the list to evaluate the weight of things and appreciation, as well as judging things, achievements, and everything related to the institution is concerned. Because through evaluation, institutions can recognize weaknesses and strengths. It is also an effective tool for management review, through which the institution can review everything related to planning and decision-making, leadership, incentives and other administrative matters.

Therefore, this study attempts to shed light on the evaluation process, its basics and its importance in general and in the Kurdish media institutions as a model in part

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 16 2022
Journal Name
2022 Muthanna International Conference On Engineering Science And Technology (micest)
Virtual Performance Evaluation of Net-Zero Energy Building (NZEB) Using BIM Analysis
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Publication Date
Sat May 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Evaluation Yield of Okra with Associated Traits Using Analysis Correlation and Path
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Abstract<p>The study was conducted at the fields of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, College of Agriculture Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad. During the spring 2017. All the recommended practices were followed during experimentation. The experimental material consisted four Genotype it is Batraa, Btera, Mosulle, and local selection. The experiment was applied in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The objectives of Study were to estimate the some genetic parameters and path coefficient for some traits Okra, The results of statistical analysis for these genotypes were highly significant differences for all traits except the traits number of leaves, the numbe</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Aug 13 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Propagation of Sedum adolphii In vitro
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Sedum adolphii  stem cutting 1-2 cm were sterilized and cultured on different media . The favorable medium for callus formation was Murashige and skoog (MS, 1962)supplemented with Banzylaminopurine ( BAP) plus Naphalene acetic acid (NAA) in106M  each . Whereas, the best medium for differentiation was MS ,1962 supplemented with BAP 10-7M and NAA10-7M . The formed shoots were transferred to media without Auxin (control) or with different (NAA) concentrations (10-6and 10-7M) . The best rooted shoots were on control, transferred successfully to jeffy 7  discs and to the green house after 3 weeks.

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 29 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Evaluation of the Mishrif Formation Using an Advanced Method of Interpretation
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The Mishrif Formation is one of the most important geological formations in Iraq consisting of limestone, marl, and shale layers since it is one of the main oil producing reservoirs in the country, which contain a significant portion of Iraq's oil reserves. The formation has been extensively explored and developed by the Iraqi government and international oil companies, with many oil fields being developed within it. The accurate evaluation of the Mishrif formation is key to the successful exploitation of this field. However, its geological complexity poses significant challenges for oil production, requiring advanced techniques to accurately evaluate its petrophysical properties.

   This study used advanced well-logging analysi

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 30 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Petrophysical Properties of an Iraqi Carbonate Reservoir Using Well Log Evaluation
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This research was aimed to determine the petrophysical properties (porosity, permeability and fluid saturation) of a reservoir. Petrophysical properties of the Shuiaba Formation at Y field are determined from the interpretation of open hole log data of six wells. Depending on these properties, it is possible to divide the Shuiaba Formation which has thickness of a proximately 180-195m, into three lithological units: A is upper unit (thickness about 8 to 15 m) involving of moderately dolomitized limestones; B is a middle unit (thickness about 52 to 56 m) which is composed of dolomitic limestone, and C is lower unit ( >110 m thick) which consists of shale-rich and dolomitic limestones. The results showed that the average formation water

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 11 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Evaluation of Mechanical Strength of Epoxy Polymer Concrete Reinforcement with Different Types of Fibers
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 Polymer composite materials were prepared by mixing epoxy resin with sand particles in three different grain size (150-300 ), (300-600 ) and (600- 1200) μm . The weight of epoxy was 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% of the total weight. Compression  strength and flexural strength tests were carried out for the prepared samples .The percentages of epoxy resin at 20% wt and 25% wt showed best mechanical properties for all grain sizes .These percentages were adopted to fill the void between particles sand which have two different size ranges (150-600) μm and {(150-300) & (600-1200)} μm respectively to obtain more dense material. The results showed that the strength of polymer composite at 20% resin is higher than 25% resin. The

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Evaluation of the Accuracy of Digital Elevation Model Produced from Different Open Source Data
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This study aims to estimate the accuracy of digital elevation models (DEM) which are created with exploitation of open source Google Earth data and comparing with the widely available DEM datasets, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), version 3, and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global Digital Elevation Model (ASTER GDEM), version 2. The GPS technique is used in this study to produce digital elevation raster with a high level of accuracy, as reference raster, compared to the DEM datasets. Baghdad University, Al Jadriya campus, is selected as a study area. Besides, 151 reference points were created within the study area to evaluate the results based on the values of RMS.Furthermore, th

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