Samples from tap water were chosen to be examined as one of the possible modes of G. lamblia and other parasites transmission. 144 domestic filter units were randomly distributed to houses in Baghdad in Al-Sadr City and surrounding regions then the suspended materials were examined microscopically by direct wet mount after centrifugal sedimentation method, and after staining with modified Ziehl-Neelsen (acid fast) stain. The results showed that 5/144 (3.47%) samples contained G. lamblia cysts, 3/144 (2.08%) contained E. histolytica/E. dispar cyst, while each of Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis oocysts were observed in two samples (1.38%); also free living amoeba, ciliates and flagellates were detected in all samples. This

Background: Human teeth considered to be an important etiological host factor in relation to dental caries through its morphology and composition. Elements may incorporate in tooth structure during pre and post-eruptive period changing the resistance for caries. The aims of this study were to determine the concentration of selected major (Calcium and phosphorus) and trace elements (Ferrous iron, nickel, chromium and aluminum) in permanent teeth and enamel among a group of adolescent girls in relation to severity of dental caries Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 25 girls with an age of 13-15 years old referred by Orthodontists for extractions of upper first premolars (two sides). Tooth and enamel samples were prepared for

The aim of this research is to study some functional properties and the antioxidant activity of cherry gum, collected from Serghaya and Suwayda in Syria, and to compare these features with those of Arabic gum. The values of the hydroxyl groups for the Arabic gum, Serghaya and Suwayda cherry gums were 757.1, 655.1 and 564.3 mg KOH/gm, respectively. The solubility of exudate gums ranged from 53.53 to 86.53% and was arranged as follows: Arabic gum>Serghaya cherry gum >Suwayda cherry gum. Gum solubility increased with rising the temperature. Water and oil holding capacities of cherry gums were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of Arabic gum, while their emulsifying capacity was significantly lower than that of Arabic gum. The

Effects of Ozonated Water on Micro Leakage between Enamel and Fissure Sealants Prepared by Different Etching Technique (An in vitro Study), Baraa M Jabar*, Muna S Khalaf

Multiple eliminations (de-multiple) are one of seismic processing steps to remove their effects and delineate the correct primary refractors. Using normal move out to flatten primaries is the way to eliminate multiples through transforming these data to frequency-wavenumber domain. The flatten primaries are aligned with zero axis of the frequency-wavenumber domain and any other reflection types (multiples and random noise) are distributed elsewhere. Dip-filter is applied to pass the aligned data and reject others will separate primaries from multiple after transforming the data back from frequency-wavenumber domain to time-distance domain. For that, a suggested name for this technique as normal move out- frequency-wavenumber domain

      From September 2002 to August 2003 monthly samples of fish were collected from two stations at the area of study.         The results of the present study showed that the sex-ratio (male: female) was 1:0.95.       Sexual maturity was reached by all fishes above 28 cm in total length , the smallest mature male was 21.3 cm in total length and body weight 164 gm. While the smallest mature female was 21.5 cm in T.L. and body weight 155 gm.      The mature male and female were in the second year of their ages. The breeding season extended from the end of February until the end of June and another season started from Se

In this study, the stresses and displacement around a tunnel opening under water body in Baghdad city, middle of Iraq, during excavation and lining are discussed. For this purpose, the finite element method (FEM) was adopted as an effective approach to analyze the problem using (SIGMA/W) program. The research includes the study of the behavior of soil due to excavation of a tunnel by calculating the displacements and stresses in three positions of the tunnel (crown, wall, and invert) during the various stages of construction. The surface settlement is also studied. The finite element analyses were carried out Using (Elastic- plastic) and (linear elastic) models for the soil and the concrete liner respectively.