The process of transporting waste from urban areas to sanitary landfill sites requires large amounts of money due to the length and distance. To address this problem, temporary transfer stations were established by the Municipality of Baghdad to reduce the cost of transportation, and for the purpose of preserving the environment in a sustainable manner, standards were set for the establishment of these stations. The two stations of Al-Karrada Municipality and Al-Shula Municipality were chosen as a case study to measure the extent of adopting and applying the standards for establishing substations locally, regionally and internationally, and the most important results were reached Which is that the transforming (regular) stations of the t

          General propositions have dealt with various indicators and features that frame and describe basic architectural concepts, and from those concepts, the concept of identity will be presented here, which represents the nerve of intellectual vision of the state of architecture development, transformation and change. Due to its deep intellectual basis, it was necessary to study multiple features, especially the achievement feature that was considered a major stage describing the nature of change and shift related to the achievement of concept and its role in the development of the architectural field .              &nb

تُعدُّ التنمية السياحة من المفاهيم الحديثة والمعاصرة التي بدأ الاهتمام بها في كثير من بلدان العالم التي وجدت أن صناعة السياحة تساهم بشكل كبير في زيادة دخل الافراد وترفد الدخل القومي خاصة إذا توفَّرت مقومات السياحة من مظاهر طبيعية جذابة أو المواقع الاثرية والتاريخية التي تجعل من المكان عنصرًا جاذبًا للسياحة." كما تساهم في رفع النمو الاقتصادي اذ تمت دراسة الاثار الناتجة من استثمار الامكانات التنموية التي تت

         Bringing about urban, economic, and social changes in rural areas similar to those occurring in urban areas aims to reduce urban-rural disparities by providing services in those areas, decentralizing the management of these services, expanding citizen participation in local governance (decentralized administration), and achieving comprehensive development, developing and empowering localities, and keeping pace with new transformations and their impacts on the functions of the center and localities. In fact, the lack of clarity of the role of local government in planning and managing services has hindered development plans, and declined the level of services in rural areas, and has negative

المستخلص:

في ظل التحديات المعقَّدة التي تواجه المدن المعاصرة، من ضمنها الضغوطات البيئية، النمو السكاني السريع، والحاجة الماسة إلى تحسين نوعية الحياة للسكان، يبرز السؤال حول كيفية استعمال التكنولوجيا الحديثة لدعم جهود التجديد الحضري المستدام. هذه الدوافع تشكَّل الأساس الذي يقوم عليه هذا البحث، الذي يهدف إلى استكشاف الإمكانات التي توفرها التكنولوجيا في تحقيق مدن أكثر استدامة وقدرة على التكي

The Study aims at evaluating the efficiency of the regional transportation net in Al-mahmoodiya Qadaa center. The bus station of the Qadaa center is suffering from heavy traffic jam, which is due to the ongoing movement of the adjacent provinces, particularly the small cities. They vary in the degree of their link by the regional transportation net that links the province with the centers of big cities. That affects the traffic flow of the civilians of these cities and their daily activities in hierarchical way To achieve the purpose of the study, a questionnaire has been constructed to collect data through selecting a random sample including the passengers who are coming to the bus station in Al-Mahmoodiya center to know the flo

The city has normal natural state, and the man has a usual movement, change and search for the new .Also, the city has a usual change and transform in its time, place and quality (sizes)structures. The city has a solid memory diving into the past and the future and reflects The real present, and this memory has a timing layers change into real materialistic place making the city has accumulated overlapping circles which is hard to break u , and it broadcasts the lockup timing density ,in which there is no visual record precisely, it is just like((the social record)) that evaluates the un visual relationships between the components and parts of the city (community and form) in a visual quiet exhibition and transform change inside.

Improving the environment is a mission that should be conducted by three associates; public authorities, environmentalists and the community. The ignorance of environmental education in Iraq has resulted to an almost environmentally illiterate community, demanding well planned programs to raise their environmental; awareness and education. On the other hand, the decision makers should be well informed about the citizens' environmental preferences to be able to set their priorities for the civil services. Merging the Iraqi citizens in listing their environmental priorities is one of many other approaches for "Environment Education" programs. Globally, such methods have proven to be effective and resulted to widespread understandin

 التصميم الرقمي- الحسابي Digital-Computational Design ، الذي يُعدُّ تطوراً لمفهوم التصميم المعماري بمساعدة الكمبيوتر (CAAD)، قد شهد تطوراً ملحوظاً منذ ظهوره في الستينيات. تأثرت بداياته بالفكر الحداثي والتقدم التكنولوجي، الذي ساهم في تطوير مفاهيم التصميم من خلال استكشاف العلاقة بين العلوم المعرفية والتصميم المعماري. وقد أدى هذا التطور إلى تحسين القدرة على استكشاف المفاهيم التصميمية والهندسة المعقدة، وتعزيز ا

Each Arab Islamic city is distinguished by its distinctive characteristics dictated by the nature of its location and its characteristics, as we see it mountainous in the mountains, deserts in the deserts, and coastal in the coasts, and this is reflected in the models of its buildings and designs and even in its structure. However, this uniqueness did not stand in the way of the emergence of characteristics and common characteristics of these cities over time, the factors derived from the core of the life of the community habits and traditions and beliefs and living requirements and environmental conditions that all piled in the process of building and construction of the Arab Islamic city to draw The features and lines of life of the co

It is the dynamic tension between the relatively fixed built environment and the constantly changing in social life that determines the nature of urban spaces belonging to different historical periods, and considered as a tool for diagnosing transformations in urban spaces, that’s why, the characteristics of urban space became unclear between positive spaces and negative spaces, so emerged the need to study contemporary urban space belonging to the current period of time and show the most important transformations that have occurred in contemporary urban space to reach urban spaces that meet the current  life requirements. Therefore, the research dealt with a study of the characteristics of contemporary urban space and the most pr

المستخلص

انطلقت فكرة البحث من التحديات التي تواجه السياقات الحضرية وانظمتها المتنوعة في المدينة التي تمثِّل أحد توجهات التخطيط العمراني في مواجهة مشكلة الانقطاع والانفصال الذي أثَّرت على المشهد الحضري في وقتنا الحاضر، ركَّز البحث على دراسة الأنظمة الحضرية ومدى قدرتها على الاستجابة للتحفيز الحضري بفعل التغيرات والتحولات التي تشهدها المدينة، واعتبرت أن إضافة مباني محفزة تمتلك مقومات رمزية الدور في ت

الزراعة الحضرية هي أحد مكونات الاستدامة الحضرية وهذا ما أكدت عليه الاجندة الحضرية العالمية الجديدة، ولكن للأسف ما زالت الزراعة الحضرية تعاني التهميش في المجتمعات العربية بما فيها المجتمع الحضري الفلسطيني. إن مفهوم وقيم الزراعة الحضرية متجذرة في الذاكرة والموروث الشعبي الفلسطيني وذلك من خلال مفهوم وقيم المزرعة المنزلية ( الحاكورة)  التي بدأت بالتلاشي في المدن الفلسطينية. لذلك، فإن هذه

The researchers aim of this research to analyze the reality of educational services in the city of Ramadi in order to reveal the efficiency of the spatial distribution of schools at the level of residential neighborhoods and the requirements of the population, based on the standards and indicators for this service.

The research problem related to the educational function of the city of Ramadi was formulated by asking about the efficiency of the spatial distribution of educational services and whether there is a balance in the distribution of schools to residential neighborhoods in a way that meets the requirements of the population, and in order to answer the research problem, the research hypothesis was formulated that there is

The study of an urban street scene of the life cycle is one of the important things in urban scene studies and there are four vocabularys that are the basis for the life cycle of an urban scene and these vocabulary are (the street, transformation, land uses and urban scene).

            the first vocabulary addressed in the research is the street where street classes were studied and its classifications in terms of morphology and function and study of street standards in cities.

            The second term, are transformations, where the concept of transformation and its patterns and

Transportation network could be considered as a function of the developmental level of the Iraq, that it is representing the sensitive nerve of the economic activity and the corner stone for the implementation of development plans and developing the spatial structure.
The main theme of this search is to show the characteristics of the regional transportation network in Iraq and to determine the most important effective spatial characteristics and the dimension of that effect negatively or positively. Further this search tries to draw an imagination for the connection between network as a spatial phenomenon and the surrounded natural and human variables within the spatial structure. This search aiming also to determine the nat

        The aim of studying the role of environmental taxation is to reduce or mitigate the problem of environmental pollution and obtain a clean environment. And the importance of research lies in the fact that environmental taxation is one of the basic tools to achieve environmental balance. As it is considered one of the sustainable economic tools that focuses on the concept of environmental taxes and fees. Therefore, the incentives stimulated institutions to invest in clean energy and use environmentally friendly machines. Through it, the rules of the competition are updated in favor of organizations that respect the environment so that they can obtain a green competitive advantage. And that the mai

ABSTRACT Studying the positive and negative effects resulted from the industrial projects and laying down the comprehensive planning bases to the urban development projects which insure retaining the social, economic and environmental development, taking in to consternation the time factor within the planning process which is considered the most important factor that determine the extent of the efficient selection to the site and not interpenetrate in the industrial activities and efficiency and calculating its future expansions away from the residential areas. It is more favorable to plan the industrial areas of apparent pollution outside the bounds of the basic plan to limit the negative effects on the environment and providing