The optical modulator was designed by using iterated function

systems (IFSs) by IFS Construction Kit program. The modulator was inserted into the optical system using ZEMAX optical design program. In this program, it is assumed that the modulator is made from one of Ø¢ the infrared transmitting materials. Eight materials at room temperature were used in this study; these are IRTRAN materials, Si, and Ge for the range of 3-9 l-lm.

Systems were evaluated and analyzed by using different criteria,

including spot diagram, modulation transfer function, and point spread function. The effect of optical modulator change with the chang of Ø¢ its material results in focusing of functions and frequencies as requ

Protein bound fucose (PBF), protein  bound hexose (PBHex), and total calcium {T.Ca) were 'determined in sera of (40) hy-p.ertnyroidism , (40)  hypothyroidism patients and (40) controL The resultsr vealed  a significant decrease in the kwel of PBF,  PBHex and T.Ca in sera of patients with .hyperthyroidism  compared  to control; Inc se Qf PBF. there nQ difference in its level betwe.en patients with hypothyroidism and  control  group.  While there  is a significant increment in  PBHex leveli:n both hyper and hypothyroidism With respect to that of control Result  indicates, that total calcium levels were i.n  the nomml range for all p tients groups. Patient  compa

In  this  work,  three  inorganic  additives were 1,1sed,  these  are  (I)  ;

tetraethyl ammonium bromodichloro phenylphsphin, (II) Chlorinated paraffine. and (ITI) a mixture  of  (50%  by weight  of each) to study the synergetic effect.  These  additives \'v·cre used  as flame retardants with unsaturated  polyester  and  epoxy  resins.;, since  these  resins  are industrially important  and of \Vide uses in life.

Results showed efficiency of these  additives to retard  fl mmabillty and stop burning of resins throqght the ASTM tests used Measurement of Limiting oxygen  index (LOI), &nbs

The   mechanical    properties   of   fiber-reinforced-polymer   (FRP)

composites are dependent on the type amount, and orientation of fiber that is selected for a particular service. There are many commercially available reinforcement forms to meet the design requirements of the user. The ability of failure in the fiber architecture allows for optimized performance of a product that saves both weight and cost ( 12).

A modem technology is adopted to produce fibers (glass, kevelar,

and carbon) reinforced composite by using unsaturated polyester, where different volume fraction  of these fibers are used  (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8,  I)

reinfor

The photoactive behaviour of rose bengal dye sensitized (ZnO/ Polystyrene (PS)) composites was studied. Two concentrations of composite(30% Zn0/70% PS) and (50% ZnO 150% PS) with (0.05 0.1.0.3,1%)weight percentages of dye were used. The composites are photoconductive and the photoconductivity action spectrum gives the effect of the dye in the visible region.

In the absence of dye within the composites,  no photoactivity  is

observed  in this  region  of the spectrum. The photoconductivity  is affected by the dye content.

Time of flight technique was used to measure response time. The

rise time of the photocurrent is fast and the decay is slow.

Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) systems are used  widely in stream cipher systems field. Any system of LFSR's which wauldn't be attacked must first construct the system of linear equations of the LFSR unit. In this paper methods are developed to construct a system of linear/nonlinear equations of key generator (a LFSR's system) where the effect of combining (Boolean) function of LFSR is obvious. Before solving the system of linear/nonlinear equations by using one of the known classical methods, we have to test the uniqueness of the solution. Finding the solution to these systems mean finding the initial values of the LFSR's of the generator. Two known generators are used to test and apply the ideas of the paper,

High   Alumina   Glasses   "Alumina   Silicate   Glasses"   was prepared by utilizing powder technology technique. The starting materials are wasted soda-lime glass from an industrial site, Iraqi­ Duekhla raw kaolin and small amounts of potassium carbonates.

X-ray Diffraction and FTIR analysis show complete vitreous glasses are obtained. Increasing Alumina content plays an obvious role in improving physical and mechanical properties of the prepared high  alumina  glass.   In  addition,  the   increased  alumina  content enhanced the dielectric constant and reduced dielectric loss. These results may be interpreted as du

We have used Palm frond base Ash Waste Particles as a natural, safe, and non-toxic reinforcing material to enhance and improve the characteristics of the epoxy polymer matrix. We utilized Palm frond base Ash Waste Particles as a natural, safe, and non-toxic reinforcing material to enhance the characteristics of the epoxy matrix. Ash Waste Particles were used in weight fractions of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%. The outcomes showed that the process of reinforcing with Ash Waste Particles increased the tensile strength from 8.782 MPa to 23.253 MPa. Additionally, the hardness value increased from 58.875 (Shore D.) to 74 (Shore D.). For the pure sample, the thermal conductivity has decreased to 0.135 Wm^-1

Thin films (CuxZn1-xS) with x = 0.75 nano crystallized were deposited from the alloy on glass substrates in a vacuum ~ 2 × 10− 5 mbar by thermal evaporation technique with 450±20 nm thickness. The effects of annealed temperature (deposits, 423, 523, and 623) K for one hour on the structure, morphology, and optical properties of Copper Zinc Sulfide (CZS) films were investigated. The structural properties of Cu0.75Zn0.25S films were examined using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique as a function of annealed temperatures. XRD presented the Cu0.75Zn0.25S films as polycrystalline in the environment by a mixed hexagonal structure of CuS-ZnS, preferred orientation along the (201) plane, and crystallite size varying from 8.41-23.28 nm wit

     Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms depend on different algorithms to track moving objects. The surrounding environment, like lightness, affects detection accuracy. A new algorithm is designed to detect moving objects in real time automatically and calculate the speed of tested objects based on the deep learning algorithm RCNN using MATLAB software. The suggested system consists of a phone camera, four balls in different colors (red, green, blue, and black), and various environmental lights consisting of eight lights. Two luxmeters were used to check the light intensity around the ball and the camera phone. Detecting moving objects has gained a lot of desirability because of its applications like video surveillance, person m

     Nuclear fusion technology for power production is considered a renewable and clean energy source, and it is used in many applications such as scientific research, systems for electrical energy production, and fast charge particles such as protons, alpha particles, electrons, beta particles, positrons, etc. In addition, there exists another application such as materials irradiation and artificial elements production. There exist more than 51 fusion reactions in nature. The most important thermonuclear fusion reactions are those used in one of the common hydrogen isotopes such as deuterium, the D-D and D-³He reactions. A laboratory fusion cross-section data fitting equations are calculated theoretically by using the lea

Out of 207 specimens,118 Enterococcus faecalis isolates were obtained from different sources (urine, root canal, wound, vagina, and blood). The commonest sites of infections were the root canal (50.8%), followed by the urinary tract (38.1%), wound (8.4%), and the vagina (2.5%). Urine, root canal, and wound samples from individuals aged 20–40 years old showed the highest prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis isolates, except for the vagina, where those over 40 years old recorded the highest rates of isolates. According to gender, females had the highest prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis isolates in urine, root canal, and vaginal samples, with the exception of the wound source, where males had a higher rate of isolates

 Otitis media is one of the most common types of ear infections, plus bacteria are to blame. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most frequently diagnosed pathogen causing this infection. P. aeruginosa has virulence factors that lead to damage to the middle ear mucosa. This study was conducted to identify Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing chronic suppurative otitis media and to determine its antibiotic sensitivity. A total of (100) ear swabs were collected from patients suffering from otitis media attending the ENT outpatient clinic at Baghdad Teaching Hospital from July 2022 till the end of December 2022. Age range was (18-75) years. Identification of bacteria and biochemical testing and antibiotic sensitivit

    The summary purpose of this work: We extending certain results on α-centralizer of inverse semiring under specific conditions, achieve new results on lie ideal of inverse semiring with some consequent collieries, generalize assorted α-centralizer for lie ideal of inverse semiring with some collieries, investigate significant theorems on jordan α-centralizer of prime inverse semiring and we extend certain results of centralizers and jordan centralizers on lie-ideals of prime semi-rings to prime inverse semi-ring, we generalizing the results of Mary in to α-centralizer on semiring, Also we generalize our results on lie ideals of inverse semiring. We extending the results of Shafiq,  Aslam,  Javed to  centraliz

In this paper, the effect of a couple–stress and other variables on the peristaltic flow of Sutterby fluid in an inclined asymmetric channel containing a porous medium with heat transfer is examined. In the presence of rotation and couple–stress, mathematical modeling is developed using constitutive equations based on the model of Sutterby fluid. In flow analysis, assumptions such as long wavelength approximation and low Reynolds number are used. The resulting nonlinear equation was numerically solved using the perturbation method. The effects of various physical parameters such as the couple-stress parameter, the Grashof number, the Hartmann number, the Reynold number, the Froude number, the Hall parameter, the Darcy number, the mag

Plasma and nanotechnology are potentially effective preventive measures against dental caries. This study aims to determine the impact of cold atmospheric plasma and PLGA/Xylitol nanoparticles on dental enamel microhardness and morphological changes in dental enamel ultrastructure. Methodology: In this study, 56 maxillary first premolars were divided into five groups: one control group, four study groups, each with 11 teeth; 10 teeth were examined for microhardness; and one tooth was examined using SEM. A circular window was placed on the buccal surface of each tooth. Following a PH cycling technique to activate caries lesions on the tooth enamel, cold plasma was performed using predetermined parameters. The PLGA/Xylitol nanoparticle con

        In this paper, a theoretical study was carried out to calculate the proton energy loss in human tissues (Adipose tissue, Blood, Bone (Compact), Bone (Cortical), Brain, Eye lens, Lung, Skin, and Testicles) within the energy range of 1 MeV to 1000 MeV. We calculated the total stopping power for each tissue element separately using the Bethe-Bloch equation, and then used Bragg's rule for compounds to determine the tissue's total stopping power. The total stopping power is directly proportional to the atomic number divided by the target material's atomic mass (Z/A) and target material density (ρ), and inversely proportional to the target material's mean excitation energy (I) and proton energy (E). The results indicate that th

In this study, after pyrolyzing the prepared solution, we made films from transitional tungsten oxide metal doped with gold nanoparticles and deposited them using a spray deposition technique on glass substrates at a substrate temperature of 320°C. We then annealed the prepared films at various temperatures (673,773 K) for one hour, in which we detected the band of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in gold-doped tungsten oxide films around the wavelength of 595 nm, and thermal treatment increased its intensity to near the wavelength of 580 nm. The produced and annealed thin films also demonstrated an indirect energy gap smaller than (2.86-2.61) eV in the UV-visible spectrum. The structural characteristics of the manufactured an

     Due to several environmental contaminants, the textile industry's wastewater disposal presents significant dangers, including to drinkable water. This study aims to synthesize polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and examine how well it adsorbs methyl green color from aqueous solutions. The synthesis steps were performed after the PAN was characterized using various techniques, including FTIR, SEM, EDS, TGA-DSC, and XRD. Research was conducted on the quantity of adsorbent utilized, the initial concentration, and the contact time. All of these factors were shown to impact the adsorption process. The findings indicated that a dose of 0.01 g, an initial concentration of 30 mg/L, and a contact duration of 60 minutes produced the best r

This research dealt with the preparation and study of the properties of (In 2O3) as a film. Indium films were used by the vacuum thermal evaporation technique on a glass base, and then these films were thermally treated at a temperature of 300 in the presence of oxygen for some time (30, 60, 90, 120) minutes to obtain films. Through X-ray diffraction examinations, atomic force microscopy, and ultraviolet radiation, the thin, transparent indium films revealed that the prepared films are cubic crystalline semiconducting materials. The dominant orientation of this crystal is 222, and the energy gap ranges between 2.1 and 2.7 eV. It can be prepared in the form of a film and varies with the oxidation times and depends on the surface roughness

     The configurations of the nuclear shell model were employed to study and inspect the form factor of a scattering electron in the ⁵⁸Ni nucleus. The wave function of the model space was obtained through the (fp-orbits) and (fpd6) effective interactions within the model space by utilizing the Harmonic Oscillator wave functions as a single particle's wave function. In the (fp-LS) shell, the correction for the main calculations of model space was performed by the 1^st-order perturbation theory to estimate the effects of core polarization with the (2ℏω) energy of excitation that has been carried out. Core polarization combined the model space with the discarded space (higher configuration core)

     This research has been conducted to determine the level of radioactive contamination from uranium and some heavy elements (Pb, Cd, Ni  & Cu) in 60 blood samples taken from individuals living in four areas (Ishtar, Jeser Diyala, AL-Wardiya, and Tameem) near the Iraqi Atomic Energy Organization, south of Baghdad, bordered by the Tigris River to the west and the Diyala River to the north. This organization was established in 1967 and was used for legitimate nuclear operations. It was targeted during the Gulf Wars in 1991 and 2003, leading to leaks of containers containing uranium oxides and radioactive sources from the organization to surrounding areas. Living near a nuclear testing site exposes residents to internal and exter

A new ligand (5-(2-benzamido-N-methylacetamido)-4-((3,4,5-trimethoxycyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl) methyl) pyrimidine-2-yl) amino)boric acid was synthesized by the reaction of trimethoprim amide derivative with boric acid, as well as its metal complexes with Co (II), Ni (II), and Pt (IV). Spectral methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) spectra, along with thermal analysis (TG/DTA), elemental analysis (CHN), and melting point, were used to characterize the synthesized compounds. This study conducted additional examinations for metal complexes, including molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, chloride, and metal content. All synthe

The efficiency of solar systems was developed through the design of a torus waveguide, which provides high flexibility in the design of the solar system. The design was simulated using the optical design program (ANSYS Zemax Optic Studio 2022). The circular cross-section torus waveguide was shaped like the letters (U, S) to transmit solar radiation through total internal reflection inside the waveguide to the receiver (solar cell or thermal reservoir). To improve the solar system's efficiency, a group of optical parameters related to the waveguide's shape were changed to demonstrate the effect of changing them on the system's performance. These parameters include the radius of curvature of the waveguide, the width of the entry apertures,

 In this paper, the oscillation property and the asymptotic behavior of solutions of neutral second-order differential Equations of the Emden-Fowler type were studied under the influence of the coefficients of forces. It has been shown through this research that the coefficients of forces in addition to the Emden-Fowler type have a major role on the oscillation of solutions of neutral Equations. As well as its effect on the convergence and divergence of nonoscillatory solutions. For this purpose, some conditions are obtained to ensure that all solutions of the neutral Equations Emden-Fowler type oscillating or nonoscillating go to ∞, as t → ∞. Some of these conditions are the development of conditions similar to them in some of th

The pathogen "Pseudomonas aeruginosa" is extremely hazardous for people with weak immune systems because it has several virulence factors and can resist antibiotics. During the time period between October 2022 and February 2023, 102 specimens from different clinical sources, including burn, mid-stream urine, wound, ear, and sputum were collected. From 102 clinical specimens, only 33 isolates (32.35%) of P. aeruginosa were identified by Phenotypic characteristics, a biochemical test, the Vitek-2 compact system, and confirmed by Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The antibiotic susceptibility test AST was done by the Vitek 2-Compact system. The highest resistance percentages were for Cephalosporin category at 8

This study's primary objective was to create nanotechnology-based, precisely regulated drug delivery devices. Antibiotic Amoxicillin was chosen, and chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) were chosen to transport the medicine. Using the ionic gelation process, chitosan solution NPs were synthesized using tripolyphosphate (TPP). Antibiotic-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) were then used to create a nanocomposite with good performance. The resultant nanocomposite can be put to use as an effective, non-toxic antimicrobial agent. CMCS has a considerably wider range of uses as an anti-bacterial agent than chitosan since it is soluble in a wide pH range. Due to its water solubility, Ten S. mutans isolates were purified in two mediums, making it e

     Transition ion complexes have various commercial and technical uses, including antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer medications and catalysts; their characteristics are critical regarding their kinetic impact. This study aims to synthesize new complexes, copper and nickel complexes, characterize them using spectral techniques, determine their chloride content, evaluate their anti-oxidant effect, and examine the antibacterial activity of the ligands and their complexes against gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus), gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), and Candida albicans. All chemicals were used strictly as provided, with no additional purification; CuCl₂.2H₂O and Ni(

Open sets may be viewed as an extension of semi-open sets by applying the notions of semi-open sets and grill nano to nGs-open sets, with the following four goals in mind: The objective is to characterize nGs-open sets by examining and proving numerous of its attributes and comments. And investigate and define new kinds of functions based on the concept of nGs-open sets, using sets of nGs-open sets, we will define a new  type of Compact type and call it nGs-open compact then we will find the relationship between these new types of Compact type with nano compact. We will also talk about the relationship between nano grill semi-open sets and continuous functions and the relationship between nano grill semi-open sets and irresolute fun

Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) technology has offered a good solution tool for automating toll collection system processing and contributing solutions to complications such as traffic congestion, environmental problems, and operational inefficiencies. The investigation focuses on improving and organizing an ANPR-based system to allow smooth toll charging and letting cars pass through toll gates without pausing. The suggested system uses a deep learning algorithm and developed image processing techniques to consistently detect and recognize license plates of vehicles in real-time, even in difficult conditions, for instance, fast motion, low lighting, and bad weather. The ANPR system is connected to a centralize