الخلفية :على الرغم من التقدم في معالجة داء السكري ,فانه لايزال احد الأسباب الرئيسية للاعتلال والوفيات ,وان اعتلال الكلية السكري هو احد المضاعفات الرئيسية لداء السكري. الزلال البولي الدقيق هو بداية المضاعفات الكلوية للسكري,وهو مؤشر مهم للكشف المبكر ومتابعة تطور اعتلال الكلية السكري.
هدف الدراسة: لتقييم وجود الزلال البولي الدقيق كموشرلاعتلال الكلية بين الأطف
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خلفية: احتشاء عضلة القلب (MI) هو الأكثر شيوعا نظرا لانسداد (انسداد) في الشريان التاجي بعد تمزق لوحة تصلب الشرايين عرضة للخطر. وقد اقترح أن الأنسجة الدهنية قد تلعب دورا مهما في التوسط في هذه العملية التهابي مزمن. وتشارك الاستجابات الالتهابية في بدء وتطور لويحات تصلب الشرايين. رزيستين هو ببتيد السيستين الغنية التي أعرب عنها في مستويات منخفضة نسبيا في adipocytes الإنسان، ولكن مستويات أعلى في الضامة. الأنس
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خلفية: هناك أدلة كثيرة على القلب والأوعية الدموية التي تربط الاعتلال والوفيات مع السمنة، ولكن، لها تأثير مباشر للسمنة غير معقدة في وظيفة القلب ليست راسخة.
الهدف: لتقييم العلاقة بين مؤشر كتلة الجسم (BMI) واليسار هيكل البطين وظيفة.
الطرق: أجريت هذه الدراسة مستعرضة خارجا على (146) البالغين الأصحاء على ما يبدو من كلا الجنسين (85 من الذكور والإناث 61) تتراوح أعمارهم بين 20-59
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Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a family of autosomal recessive disorders of cortisol biosynthesis. Depending on the enzymatic step that is deficient, there may be signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings of mineralocorticoid deficiency or excess; incomplete virilization or premature puberty in affected males; and virilization or sexual infantilism in affected females. The most frequent is 21-hydroxylase enzyme deficiency, accounting for more than 90% of cases.
Objectives: to review cases of congenital adrenal hyperplasia registered in children welfare teaching hospital- medical city- Baghdad.
Patients and method: This study included all patients who were presented and registered in the e
Background: Although the issue of anemia after renal transplantation (RT) has received increasing attention lately, the data on the exact prevalence of post-transplantation anemia (PTA) in the Iraqi patients are limited.
Objective: In this study we sought to determine the prevalence of PTA among Iraqi patients and to correlate the renal allograft function measurements and the use of immunosuppressant with the prevalence of anemia.
Patients and Methods: One hundred and twelve (74 male, 38 female) kidney transplant recipients (KTR) attending the kidney transplant center at surgical specialties hospital were studied. All patients were on maintenance, combined immunosuppressive therapy. The renal function
Background: one of the complications of rigid bronchoscope is the cardiovascular responses that may carry a dangerous drawback during and after the procedure. Prevention and control of these events will be crucial, especially for the old and cardiovascular debilitated patients.
Objective: The study aims to control and attenuate the unwanted hemodynamic responses to the rigid bronchoscpe using intravenous lidocaim and GTN.
Method: a study was performed on three groups of patients undergone a diagnostic procedure of bronchoscope. Each group consists of 20 patients at the same age and relatively similar pathology. The three groups (group one, two and three) received lidocaine, glyceryltrinitrate and no drug re
Back ground: The use of Montelukast in mild and moderate asthma has been studied ,allergic rhinitis or rhinitis and asthma are strongly inter related, Montelukast has been used in both conditions, whether treating rhinitis will improve asthma control ,a point which has been stressed recently.
Objectives: To evaluate the effect of Montelukast in mild and moderate asthma according to Global INitiative For Asthma guidelines ( GINA),and to compare its use in asthma alone and in asthma which is associated with persistant rhinitis symptoms.
Patients and methods: Seventy patients who fulfill the criteria of mild and moderate asthma according to Global INitiative For Asthma guidelines had been recruited from t
Background: Necrotizing fascitis is a progressive, rapidly spreading inflammatory infection located in the deep fascia, with secondary neerosis of the subcutaneous tissues polymicrobial infection is the most common finding in necrotizing fascitis rather than a single caustive organism.
Background: laparoscopic cholccystectomy (LC) gained a wide acceptance as treatment of choice for acute cholccyslitis (AC) as early in 72 hours of admission or after interval of 8-12 weeks after the patient treated by medical treatment.
Background: Foreign body impaction in the esophagus is a common problem. Our Objective is to draw conclusions from a retrospective over viewing a number of cases to assess current methods of management and to come out with recommendation from collected experience.
Patient and method: A retrospective study of (62) patients admitted to the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery at Medical City Teaching Hospital from January 2002 to December 2004 with history of foreign body swallowing and impaction. Six patients excluded from the (62) patients after having negative esophgoscpic findings. On presentation, history about type and time of ingestion, associated signs and symptoms were recorded, x- ray
Background: Widal test and blood culture together must be depended to diagnosis of typhoid fever.
Back ground: Intestinal parasitic infections are among the most common infections world wide and are regarded as a serious public-health problem.
Methods: The study was carried out during the period from October 2008 to the end of January 2009 in five different markets of Baghdad. Six different type of vegetables were selected for this study including tomato, onion, cabbage, lettuce, carrot and pepper. The vegetables soaked for 10 minutes and washed in saline, centrifuged and the sediment examined for the presence of intestinal parasites. A total of 168 specimens of faeces were collected from vegetables handlers of the markets studied then, specimens were examined for the presence of intestinal parasites by the direct smear method and
Background: we know that TNF-a which is consider an important inflammatory cytokine mediate the inflammatory reactions which occur in the tissues against the infections agents and other causes of inflammation therefore, here we try to study the role of TNF-a in chronic Rheumatic heart disease and the relationship of TNF-a with extent of histopathological.
Background: Nucleosomes are fundamental units of chromatin released by internucleosomal cleavage during cell apoptosis, and nucleosomal material has been demostraded in the surface blebs of opoptotic cells. recent studies have shown the presence of antinucleosome antibodies in systemicc lupus erythematosus (SLE).
introduction: medical schools and medical education look different as we advance into the 21st century. The call for medical students to become literate in the uses of information technology has become a familiar reform.
students may knowledge of facts but they can not apply them, so they have the knowlege but they do not have enough of skills.
Background: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are among the common psychiatric disorders and constitute a major public health concern. Iraqi’s were exposed to widespread violence and wars in the last decades. High prevalence of alcohol and substance use was reported recently in Baghdad. Research literature documented the association of SUDs with exposure to trauma events e.g. wars, terrorist attacks and natural disaster. Published articles on SUDs among prisoners in Iraq are scarce. Therefore, this work was carried out to report on SUDs among prisoners in Al-Diwania governorate and its relation to antisocial activity.
Methods: A total of 1200 prisoners in Al-Diwania civilian prison were included in the stu
Background: Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common cause of death in Developed countries. In addition to traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, nowadays, accumulating evidence indicates that a variety of infectious agents may contribute to pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease.
Patients and methods: 125 patients (25 females and 100 males) attending the department of cardiology, Baghdad, teaching hospital over the period December 2008- June 2009were enrolled. Their age range between (39-75 years) compared with 50 healthy individuation (Age & sex matched). The sera were tested for H. pylori antibodies using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: 80% of pa
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Abstract
this is a case report of abdominal cocoon also referred to as sclerosing encapsulating peritonities in 32 year-old female patient who presented to us with history of recorrent abdominal pain ,
Background: The temporal fascia has not been studied properly yet.
Background: High blood pressure is one of several risk factors that can increase your chance of developing heart disease, astroke, and other serious conditions.
Background: The diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in human can be determined by variable immunological and molecular methods.
Background: Iraq is an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis (VK=L) (kala-azar) which is caused by the intracellular parasite leishmania donovani.
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Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disorder. Treatment is usually limited to short term symptom relived and is by no means satisfactory.
Background: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic musculoskeletal disorder characterized by wide spread body pain, chronic fatigue,
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