This study involves the design of 24 mixtures of fiber reinforced magnetic reactive powder concrete containing nano silica. Tap water was used for 12 of these mixtures, while magnetic water was used for the others. The nano silica (NS) with ratios (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3) % by weight of cement, were used for all the mixtures. The results have shown that the mixture containing 2.5% NS gives the highest compressive strength at age 7 days. Many different other tests were carried out, the results have shown that the carbon fiber reinforced magnetic reactive powder concrete containing 2.5% NS (CFRMRPCCNS) had higher compressive strength, modulus of rupture, splitting tension, str

Increasing world demand for renewable energy resources as wind energy was one of the goals behind research optimization of energy production from wind farms. Wake is one of the important phenomena in this field. This paper focuses on understanding the effect of angle of attack (α) on wake characteristics behind single horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT). This was done by design three rotors different from each other in value of α used in the rotor design process. Values of α were (4.8˚,9.5˚,19˚). The numerical simulations were conducted using Ansys Workbench 19- Fluent code; the used turbulence model was (k-ω SST). The results showed that best value for extracted wind energy was at α=19˚, spread distance of wak

The seismic design of pile foundations mainly relies on analyzing the seismic response of layered, liquefiable locations. Two design scenarios are taken into consideration from the case histories; the first is how pile foundations react to the stresses and lateral displacements brought on by the lateral dispersion of liquefied soil. The second is how to piles reaction to seismic activity that occurs with the development of high pore water pressures. The PLAXIS 3D software is utilized in this research with a non-linear soil constitutive model (hypoplastic model) for both dry and saturated loose sandy soils under the impact of two earthquakes and the motion of different features to give a complete understanding of the dyna

Natural convection in a porous, rectangular hollow full of saturated air was investigated numerically in the current study. The bottom side was warmed with a continuous heat flux, the right side's temperature was kept at (Tc), the left wall was opened to the surroundings, and the top side was insulated. The pertinent filled-out research parameters in the current experiment were four heat flux values (1500, 3000, 4500, and 6000 W/m²) and three Darcy’s numbers (Da₁=4.025×10^-10, Da₂=4.025×10^-8, Da₃=4.025×10^-6). COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5a, using finite elements and a relying Brinkman-Darcy extended model, was employed to resolve government

The artistic dimension appears as an important factor in urban townscape's identity shaping, as many cities in the world have a different identity through the different artistic elements in it, the artistic dimension is meant within the research (set of artistic elements that can contribute to urban identity shaping, whether on architecture or on urban design in addition to public, urban arts). Many previous global studies have dealt with one type or more of art affecting the urban townscape identity of specific cities as a case study. Thus, we can diagnose the research problem as (the lack of local knowledge about the role of the artistic dimension in all its components in achieving the urban townscape identity), and th

This research deals with the review of former research that made to solve the challenges and complexities of both static and dynamic soil structure interaction through discussing advanced computational models and their applications and exploring methods of solving the challenges of soil structure interaction in foundation engineering to provide a guide for the engineering community through the complexes of soil structure interaction. It was found that the numerical analysis for both static and dynamic soil structure interaction using the finite element method with the aid of advanced computional models is ideal for dealing with the non-linearity of soil and structure properties and loading conditions and that the use of

The use of lightweight aggregates in cement concrete manufacturing solves the issue of drying shrinkage over the concrete's life span; nevertheless, the use of artificial lightweight sand may increase this issue in the cement mortar. This research looks at how using lighter sand affects the non-mechanical qualities of cement mortar, namely the dry shrinkage property. It was prepared lightweight sand by pulverising pumice stone, screening it through a 1.18 mm sieve, and combining it with regular natural sand in varied amounts. It was tested various replacement percentages for lightweight sand by weight, such as 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, and 18%, while keeping a single control sample without any lightweight pulverized pumice san

This study presents an integrated solution to the challenges in the global fashion and design industry, prioritizing worker well-being and environmental sustainability. Through an ergonomic framework, it aims to achieve sustainability and cost-effectiveness. The research employs established tools like RULA and REBA and diverse methods, including observations, interviews, and questionnaires, to quantitatively and qualitatively assess ergonomic risks. The study guides the clothing sector towards a more ethical, sustainable, and efficient production paradigm, bridging the gap between ergonomics, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness. It addresses the need for a conscientious transformation, ensuring economic growth aligns

This study used a spray pyrolysis approach to create thin films from SnO₂ doped with 2% Co on a heated glass substrate at 400°C and investigated how the structural and optical characteristics are affected by non-thermal plasma. X-ray diffraction analysis was initially employed to look into the structural characteristics, and the results indicate that the SnO₂ and SnO₂:Co thin film are polycrystalline and have tetragonal structure, peak formation has occurred in (110), (101), and (211), which correlate to the subsequent diffraction angles, respectively (26.55⁰), (33.90⁰), and (51.55⁰). A peak associated with Co was also observed at (311), which is equivalent to the (36.78⁰) diffra

The Third Generation Partnership specified the 5th Generation New Radio standard to fulfill the growing demand of wireless traffic and the increased need for higher data rates. With the spread of new applications, efficient scheduling algorithms are mandatory to handle the allocation of the limited spectrum resources to various types of traffic and to guarantee the requirements of the quality of service and the quality of experience informed by users. In this paper several scheduling algorithms specifically Round Robin, Best Channel Quality Indicator, Proportional Fair, Modified Largest Weighted Delay First, Exponential Proportional Fair, and Logarithm Rule are evaluated and their performances are compared to each other.

Precipitation is the most important weather parameter, which has direct and indirect effects on life on our planet.  One of the most relevant climate change consequences is extreme weather conditions, such as floods and droughts.  Up to now, climate model projections have remained uncertain, therefore, more accurate precipitation modelling techniques are necessary. Due to the complexity of relationships among metrological parameters, traditional statistical modelling tools are ineffective in forecasting and predicting weather conditions. In this study, data mining techniques were applied to metrological data to predict daily precipitation using Multilinear regression (MLR) along with two artificial intelligence (AI) te

This work investigates experimentally the effect of using a skirt with a square foundation of 100 mm width resting on dry gypseous soil (i.e., loose soil with 33% relative density), and subjected to an inclined load. Previous works did not study the use square skirted foundation rested on gypseous soil and subjected to inclined load. The investigated soil was brought from Tikrit city with 59% gypsum content. Standard physical and chemical tests on selected soil were carried out. Model laboratory tests were carried out to determine the effect of using a skirt with a square foundation on the load-settlement behavior of gypseous soil and subjected to inclined load with various Skirt depth (Ds) to foundation width (B) ratio

This research aims to reduce the number of experiments by using the Taguchi technique. It will be applied on adding copper nano particles and study it's effect on shape recovery for a shape memory alloy (83% Cu- 13% Al- 4%Ni). Different proportions of nano were added to the alloy in return for changing the proportion of copper while maintaining the proportions of nickel and aluminum constant.  Powder metallurgy technique was used to manufactured   the samples. Two types of tests were performed: physical tests, including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were used to inspect raw materials before manufacturing and to inspect samples after manufacturing. A mechanical test of the shape memory

Response of cross-ply plates subjected to transient load is obtained using five variables refined plate theory, and four variables plate theory. Equations of motion are derived through the principleof virtual work. Navier series used for simply supported laminated plates.  The results of this work are presented for different parameters, such as the ply number, thickness, and modulus ratio with mechanical load (sinusoidal and step pulses), which are compared with those obtained using high-order shear plate theory. Five variables of refined plate theory give results that are considerably different from the four variables of refined plate theory and higher-order theory. The obtained results from the four variables theory h

Software Defined Networking (SDN) allows for more flexible network administration than traditional architectures. Software-defined networks (SDNs) efficiently manage data flows and optimize network resources. However, heterogeneity influences the quality of the services. (QoS) needs and network resource demands. They behave differently when traveling to their last point. Currently, numerous data center networks (DCNs) struggle with the unfair use of several network resources by big packets (Elephant flowing) arriving during any instant affecting specific flows (mice flow). Elephant Flows (EF) account for just a small percentage of the entire traffic. Nevertheless, they are considered Long-lasting (LLF) and often burn net

A road network uses rigid pavement for various purposes, still, it can face several challenges, including cracking from temperature changes, shrinkage, load stress application, brittleness, and flexural and tensile weakness. The thickness of rigid pavement significantly influences its performance and durability. A thicker slab distributes weight more effectively on the subgrade; however, greater thickness significantly raises construction costs, requires more resources, and negatively impacts the natural environment. The purpose of this study is to find out how adding a 1% volume fraction of steel and glass fiber in single and hybrid shapes changes the mechanical properties of concrete and pavement thickness. The compres

Recently, implantable antennas have gained prominence in biomedical research owing to their compact design and efficient performance and extensive potential in biomedical and wireless communication applications. One such application is in the biomedical field, where the designed system must function within human body tissues and interact with an external device. To implement this communication framework, both advanced software and proper hardware design are essential. The antenna that is designed for biomedical applications must fulfill several requirements including energy efficiency, compact size, and multi-band operations. Therefore, designing an antenna with large bandwidth, multiband capability, circular polarizatio

Talking about the construction industry, they frequently characterized by risk, where most of the construction projects involved in the property being fraught with risks and uncertainty, and this is due to the complexity of the industry and the length of the project, and the large number of parties that have a relationship with them. The risks in the projects is a reality that can not be neglected or ignored or canceled, but must be managed properly and so transferred, distributed or transferred, and in any case be required to avoid the impact (if possible) or reduce the losses caused them to a minimum.
It is noted that the bulk of the claims between the contracting parties arising from those risks where those claims either extension

Baghdad Metro is a vital project to fulfill the rapidly increased traffic volume requirements. The proposed metro will connect both sides of Baghdad City, passing under the Tigris River. This study is employed finite elements software (PLAXIS 3D) to evaluate the seepage force developed around the sub-river segment during different construction stages and for other water levels of Tigris. The study found that when the water level changes from maximum to minimum, the developed seepage force decreases by (8 to 13%) and (22 to 27%) respectively. The seepage forces were found to be maximum during the excavation stage. The concrete lining process led to a noticeable reduction in seepage forces at all locations. The study also

Angle of arrival (AOA) estimation for wideband signal becomes more necessary for modern communication systems like Global System for Mobile (GSM), satellite, military applications and spread spectrum (frequency hopping and direct sequence). Most of the researchers are focusing on how to cancel the effects of signal bandwidth on AOA estimation performance by using a transversal filter (tap delay line) (TDL). Most of the researchers were using two elements array antenna to study these effects. In this research, a general case of proposed (M) array elements is used. A transversal filter (TDL) in phase adaptive array antenna system is used to calculate the optimum number of taps required to compensate these effect. The propo

Desalination is a process where fresh water produces from high salinity solutions, many ways used for this purpose and one of the most important processes is membrane distillation (MD). Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) can be considered as the most prominent type from MD types according to ease of design and modus operandi. This work studies the efficiency of using DCMD operation for desalination brine with different concentration (1.75, 3.5, 5 wt. % NaCl). Frame and plate cell was used with flat sheet PTFE hydrophobic type membrane. The study proves that MD is an effective process for desalination brines with feed temperature less than 60˚C especially for feed with low TDS. 37˚C, 47˚C, and 57˚C was feed t

AA3003-H14 aluminum alloy plates were welded by friction stir welding and TIG welding.
Fatigue properties of the welded joints were evaluated based on the superior tensile properties for
FSW at 1500 rpm rotational speed and 80 mm/min welding speed. However, there is not much
information available on effect of welding parameters with evolution of fatigue life of friction stir
welds. The present study experimentally analyzed fatigue properties for base, FSW, and TIG welds
of AA 3003-H14 aluminum alloy. Fatigue properties of FSW joints were slightly lower than the
base metal and higher than TIG welding.

One of the costliest problems facing the production of hydrocarbons in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs is the production of sand once hydrocarbon production starts. The sanding start prediction model is very important to decide on sand control in the future, including whether or when sand control should be used. This research developed an easy-to-use Computer program to determine the beginning of sanding sites in the driven area. The model is based on estimating the critical pressure drop that occurs when sand is onset to produced. The outcomes have been drawn as a function of the free sand production with the critical flow rates for reservoir pressure decline. The results show that the pressure drawdown required to

The current study aims to find a new plan to manage the water quality of the western part of the Hammar Marsh to reduce the salts that cause problems for the marshes and preserve their environmental life by isolating the southwestern part of the Hammar Marsh by closing the outlet under the railway embankment. The outlet is discharging saline water to the east-western part of Al Hammar Marsh. After isolating the southwestern part of the marsh, a new outlet is proposed. The impact of the flow hydrodynamics on improving the water quality was simulated using the SMS model. The hydrodynamics and water quality simulation models for the marsh are : a hydrodynamic model and average depth (SMS RMA2) and a two-dimensional water quality model (SMS

Transit agencies constantly need information about system operations and passengers to support their regular scheduling and operation planning processes. The lack of these processes and cultural motivations to use public transportations contributes enormously to the reliance on the private cars rather than public transportation, resulting in traffic congestions. The traffic congestions occur mainly during peak hours and the accidents happening as a result of road accidents and construction works.  This study investigates the effects of weekday and weekend travel variability on peak hours of the passenger flow distribution on bus lines, which can effectively reflect the degree of traffic congestion. A study of passen

The operation and management of water resources projects have direct and significant effects on the optimum use of water. Artificial intelligence techniques are a new tool used to help in making optimized decisions, based on knowledge bases in the planning, implementation, operation and management of projects as well as controlling flowing water quantities to prevent flooding and storage of excess water and use it during drought.

 In this research, an Expert System was designed for operating and managing the system of AthTharthar Lake (ESSTAR). It was applied for all expected conditions of flow, including the cases of   drought, normal flow, and during floods. Moreover, the cases of hypothetical op

This search concerns study the crack growth in the wall of pipes made of low carbon steel under the impact load and using the effect of moisture (rate of moisture 50%). The environmental conditions were controlled using high accuracy digital control with sensors. The pipe has a crack already. The test was performed and on two type of specimens, one has a length of 100cm and other have length 50cm. The results were, when the humidity was applied to the pipe, the crack would enhance to grow (i.e. the number of cycles needed to grow the crack will reduce). In addition, when the test performed on the specimens of length 50cm the number of cycles needed to grow the crack is increased due to the effect of bending stress on the

Static behavior (under torsion and bending loading) of machine tool column was studied in this paper. The effects of changing the cross sectional area of the column itself on the deformations (design parameters) was investigated. The adding of stiffeners and changing the stiffeners cross sectional area are also verified. The results show that using of stiffeners can produse a great reduction in deformation of the column structure under the stastic loading mentioned above. Also using stiffeners with different cross-sectional areas suggest the best stiffener cross-sectional shape can be used to give the minimum deformations of column structure. Dynamic analysis of column involves calculating natural frequencies and mode of different column

In oil and gas well cementing, a strong cement sheath is wanted to insure long-term safety of the wells. Successful completion of cementing job has become more complex, as drilling is being done in highly deviated and high pressure-high temperature wells. Use of nano materials in enhanced oil recovery, drilling fluid, oil well cementing and other applications is being investigated. This study is an attempt to investigate the effect of nano materials on oil well cement properties. Two types of nano materials were investigated, which are Nano silica (>40 nm) and Nano Alumina (80 nm) and high sulfate-resistant glass G cement is used. The investigated properties of oil well cement included compressive strength, thickening

In this paper, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is applied to predict the soil stress within a soil mass for a variety of depths and displacements under applied loading. The neural network model is created and applied for two cases, point load, and Uniform rectangular load.
Theses two cases were selected among many other cases of loading as a representation of the capabilities of ANN in finding proper solutions. The first case needs one input to get one output, where in the second case we need two inputs, to get one output only.
Results revealed that function approximation using neural network can be applied easily and can give accurate results by choosing the appropriate learning algorithm, number of layers, and number of neuron