This study was conducted at the University of Baghdad, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, with the aim of extracting laccase enzyme from the bowels of termites. The concentration method was used by precipitation (with ammonium sulfate) with gradient saturation rates from 30% to 80%. The results showed that the highest effectiveness was at the saturation rate of 80%, reaching 5.991 units/mg, dialysis reaching 3.763 units/mg, and gel filtration reaching 7.644 units/mg. m and ion exchange amounted to 5.867 units/mg. The results of purification by gel filtration showed one distinct protein peak, and the ion exchange chromatography technique was used, as three pro

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is an endemic disease that causes serious disease and economic loss in the majority of countries around the world. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of disease on some haematological, biochemical and immunological parameters in Iraqi patients with hydatid cyst. The study included 50 CE patients which their samples were collected from several hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq, for CE removal surgery and 50 healthy controls. The serum was collected from January 2022 to June 2023. The patients group ranged in age was 20–55 years. Rural patients were infected at a higher rate than urban patients (58.00% and 42.00%, respectively), The lung was the most aff

ABSTRACT                

The multi-drug resistant efflux pump is a glycoprotein pump whose function is to push foreign substances. The efflux pump is found in humans, animals. It also has wide-ranging properties in  bacteria and fungi. They are found in all species of bacteria, and efflux pump genes can be found in bacterial chromosomes or mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids. The most sensitive function that leads to a global problem is its resistance to antibiotics in bacterial cells, which increases the ability to bacteria from becoming strong virulence factors that most or all antibiotics cannot kill. It also has othe

Liquid electrodes of domperidone maleate (DOMP) imprinted polymer were synthesis based on precipitation polymerization mechanism. The molecularly imprinted (MIP) and non-imprinted (NIP) polymers were synthesized using DOMP as a template. By methyl methacrylate (MMA) as monomer, N,Nmethylenebisacrylamide (NMAA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linkers and benzoyl peroxide (BP) as an initiator. The molecularly imprinted membranes were synthesis using acetophenone (APH), di-butyl sabacate (DBS), Di octylphthalate (DOPH) and triolyl phosphate (TP)as plasticizers in PVC matrix. The slopes and limit of detection of l

A field study was conducted on a sample of the public in Baghdad to study the audience's exposure to the television promotion of pharmaceutical products and their trends in order to determine the rate of exposure of the public to the television promotion of pharmaceutical products according to the theory of uses and rumors and to determine the public's attitudes towards television promotion of pharmaceutical products. A survey of (25) a questions was distributed to a sample of the audience of 150 people. The statistical program SPSS was used to unload the data and for the calculation of frequencies and percentages and correlation coefficients. The research reached several results, Most importantly, the television promotion is well receiv

This research deals with the relationship between television advertising and buying random cosmetics, where we find that TV ads influence on the purchasing behavior of women, has conducted research in the field on a sample of women in the University of Baghdad, was a random sample taken from 150 different women in the age and social levels educational and cultural students and employees and teachers in order to sample representative be for the research community, and designed a questionnaire for this purpose form as a tool to collect data and information search and analyzed they answered the sample surveyed using a statistical program (spss) to extract percentages And correlation coefficients and testing square Kay , The study found Of w

This study was conducted at the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/ Plant Protection Department, University of Baghdad ـــ Jadriya, with the aim of isolating and diagnosing bacteria molecules from samples of Cuscuta sp.(stems and seeds) intruding on different plants, diagnosing Cuscuta sp. molecules and testing the effect of bacteria in the germination of Ocimum sp. and Cuscuta sp. seeds .The results of isolating and diagnosing bacteria from samples of Cuscuta sp.(stems and seeds) intruding on the plants Conocarpus, Chenopodium and Cynanchum showed the obtaining of three types of

            The experiment was conducted in the Fish Laboratory for Postgraduate Studies at the University of Baghdad, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences. A total of 140 fish were used and reared for 70 days. The fish were randomly distributed into seven experimental groups. These groups included the addition of dried Artemia to the second, third, and fourth groups at a rate of 50% of fishmeal powder. Fish internal organ powder was added to the third and fourth groups at rates of 25% and 50%, respectively, of fishmeal powder. Frozen Artemia was also added to the fifth, sixth, and seventh groups at a rate of 50% of fishmeal powder, and fish internal organ powder was

This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the BAERCAT shredder during shredding some farm waste to reduce its size and produce unconventional animal feed. A split-split plot design used to implement the experiment with three factors, first factor was the cutting knife type with two levels serrated edge and a smooth edge, the second factor was feeding speeds with two levels (5.5 and 9.5 rpm), and the third factor was types of crop waste with two levels (palm fronds and corn stalks) with three replicates. The cutting speed was fixed during the experiment (1450 rpm). Some machine performance indicators were studied, including machine productivity, total required power, specific energy and Powe

         In order to estimate the energy cost and system efficiency for solar drip irrigation system. The experiment was carried out at the Al-Raed research station located in the Abu Ghraib area, west of Baghdad, for the fall season of 2023. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates was used the least significant difference of 0.05 was used. The experiment consisted of three factors: The first factor was the solar panel type with two levels: monocrystalline and polycrystalline. The second factor was operating pressure of Irrigation system with two levels P1 (0.25 bar) and P2 (0.5 bar). The third factor was the dripper type with three levels: T1(4 L/hr

The urban uses of rivers have become common in cities, This has led to the emergence of diverse groups of open spaces along the riverbanks to interact with the river's environmental and natural system in various ways. However, the riverbanks in the city of Baghdad have not received sufficient attention for activating their riverbanks in terms of botanical design, given the scarcity of specialized local studies in this field. This study aimed to evaluate the riverbank in the Al-Kadhimiya area of Baghdad and conduct a comprehensive analysis of the site. This analysis includes examining the natural environment, functional analysis utilizing adjacent areas, vehicular and cultural values. The study aimed to understand the impact of th

Under laboratory conditions, the study assessed the efficacy of certain endophytic bacteria isolated from healthy tomato plants in suppressing the pathogenic fungus Alternaria solani, which causes early blight in laboratory conditions. The study was carried out in the Fungal Diseases Laboratory, Department of Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture for the 2022 season. 20 bacterial isolates were obtained in several fields in Baghdad Governorate. the pathogenicity assay on tomato plants grown in pots revealed that 50% of the endophytic bacterial isolates showed pathological symptoms when tested individually on aplant, such as yellow spots, necrosis, wilting and death of certain plant leaves or the whole p

The study aimed to evaluate the anti-alcoholic activity of pumpkin and nanoscale extract against some types of bacteria. The results showed that the Cu/Cs-NPs was more effective than the methanolic extract of pumpkin peel on all types of Used becteria in the study, despite the use of the plant extract at higher concentrations. Concentrations, the were 100 and 200 mg/ml, while the nano composite was used in lower concentrations, which were 16 and 32 mg/ml. The Cu/Cs-NPs gave the highest inhibition zones of (20.33, 17.33, 12.67, 16.33) mm at a concentration of 32 mg/ml for each. Of the For each bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli , respectively, wh

An experiment was conducted in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad during the years 2022-2023 using Plant Tissue Culture Technique. The variables three varieties of barley: Ebaa265, Ebaa99 and Bouhoth 244; 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) at concentrations: (0,1.5,3 and 4.5) mg.L^-1  for callus inducation; BA (Benzyl Adenine)  at concentrations: (0,1,2, and 3) mg.L^-1  for regeneration and  IBA (Indole Butyric Acid)<

A pots experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences Ibn Al-Haitham, University of Baghdad, for the growing season 2022-2023 to find out the effect of the concentrations of the growth regulator brassinolide on some morphological characteristics, the concentrations of macroelements (nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus) and active compounds of the plant Eruca sativa Mill. The study was designed based on the Complete Randomized Design (CRD) and three replicates of 12 pots each, so that the number of pots was 36. Four concentrations of the growth regulator brassinolide (0, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5) mg L^-1 were used. The results showed that spraying with the br

The mixture of Fe₂O₃ Nanoparticles prepared from Serratia fonticola with glyphosate herbicide were exposed against weeds (Bermuda) during the field experiment. A total of 42 soil samples were collected from various agricultural areas in Baghdad city, five species of bacteria that grew the most were selected for regarding other isolates: Enterobacter cloacae complex, Serratia fonticola, Aeromonas hydrophila, Pantoea spp. and Pseudomonas mendocina. Extracellular extracts of these bacteria were made and then used to manufacture iron oxide nanoparticles biologically. It was observed after measuring the average diamet

A field experiment was carried out at College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad, during the fall seasons of 2021-2022 and 2022-2023. The aim of study the effect of foliar spraying with moringa extract and yeast, and the addition of humic acid was determi need, on the flower yield, carotenoids content, and total phenolics. A factorial experiment within a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. Was implemeuted The study included three factors: foliar spraying with moringa leaf extract at concentrations of 0%,4%, 6% and 8% (M0-M1-M3-M2), yeast suspension at concentrations of 0 g L^-1 , 5 g L^-1 and 10 g L^-1 (Y0-Y1-Y2), and adding humic acid at concentra

The study aimed to characterize the properties of Moringa oleifera Lam.The seed oil of Moringa was grown in the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences – University of Baghdad in summer season 2022-2023. The total composition of the seeds was estimated, and it was noted that the oil content in the seeds was high at 38.11%. The total fatty acid content of the oil extracted by the cold pressing method was estimated, the oleic acid was characterized as a high content of fatty acid, at 72.38%, followed by stearic acid, at 6.27%. Palmitic acid (6.17%). The antioxidants activity of Moringa were estimated as the total phenolic content (119 ppm), such as sterols, tocopherols

            This study was conducted to investigate Tobamoviruses infecting tomatoes. Leaf samples (n=10) from symptomatic tomato plants were screened for Tobamoviruses using Enzyme Linked Immune-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) and group specific antibodies. One sample scored the highest absorbance value (3.1790) was selected. Datura Stramonium was leaf inoculated with the sample selected to confirm the infection. Total ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted from tomato leaves and a complementary cDNA strand was synthesized. Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using the primers TobUni1/TobUni2 targeting coat protein (CP) o

The research aimed to evalauate the effectiveness of aquatic extract and Alcoholic extracts of seed and roots mustard under laboratory conditions at concentrations of) 0.5, 1, 1.5( %to inhibiting the eggs' hatching and viability of second-stage juveniles (J2). The results indicated that the Alcoholic extract of mustard seeds at a concentration of 1.5% showed effectiveness in reducing egg hatching after (24

تم الحصول على إنزيم البروميلين المجفف بالتجميد من قسم علوم الأغذية، كلية علوم الهندسة الزراعية، جامعة بغداد، وتم تحديد بعض خصائص الإنزيم، ودرجة الحرارة المثلى والرقم الهيدروجيني الأفضل للفعالية والثبات، اذ استخدمت مجموعة من درجات الحرارة المتدرجة من 25 85 م، فضلا عن مجموعة من درجات الرقم الهيدروجيني من 4-9، وأظهرت النتائج أن أفضل رقم هيدروجيني للفعالية كان 7، اذ بلغت الفعالية الانزيمية 42.3 وحدة/مل، وأفضل

Abstract
This study aimed to survey fungi associated with the product Indomie and Chips being the trades Iargely by a very important segment of society who are the children, beside consumed by adults, but less so, as the survey results to accompany some fungui samples sterile showed proportions presence included various fungi like. Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium Spp., Fusarium graminearum, F.moniliforme, Alternaria alternate and Rhizopus Spp., and other fungi sterile are not diagnosed. The results showed large dominion fungi A. niger by presence sterile samples of both producers, followed by infection in Fusarium Spp., Penicillium Spp., and A. alternata by infection percentage 55, 20 and 17% respectively for the pr

This study was conducted at the Rashidiya Date Palm Station, one of the projects of the Horticulture Department/Ministry of Agriculture in Iraq for the 2023 season. This study was aimed to know the effect of benzyl adenine, adding organic fertilizers, and thinning on the yield properties of date palm Cv. Mejhoul. The experiment included three factors. The first factor was the benzyl adenine (B) spray with three concentrations (0, 100, 150 mgL-1). The second factor involved adding humic acid with seaweed extract (HS) to the soil at three levels (0, 1 kg humic acid + 150 g seaweed extract, 2 kg humic acid + 300 g seaweed extract). The third factor was thinning (T) the flower clusters at two levels (without thinning, removing 10 cm

This study aimed to Isolation and identification with molecular detection of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from imported (frozen) and local (fresh) meat using selective media, biochemical tests, VITECK 2 technology, and conventional PCR with sequencing. (100) meat samples were collected from different markets in Baghdad city, (50) samples from each local and imported meat. The results of cultural isolation from frozen meat reported (4/50) 8% as MRSA isolates, while, only (3/50) 6% of MRSA isolates were isolated from the fresh meat samples. All suspected isolates of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were positive for VITEK 2 system.

            Marek’s disease is a highly contagious, immunosuppressive, lymphotropic, and economically effective illness of avian species, mainly chickens, caused by a herpes virus known as Gallid herpesvirus 2 of the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae. In this study, the prevalence of Marek’s disease in different Iraqi governorates was investigated using highly specific and sensitive primers. The results revealed that twelve farms out of the total 50 tested were positive for Marek’s virus representing 24%. The highest rate of infected farms was recorded in Baghdad with 4 farms (23.5%) followed by Diyala, Wasit, and Karbala at infection rates of 2(25%), 3(27.3%), and 3(100%) f

            This study was done to estimate the PGPMs (Rhizobium ciceri CP-93, Azospirillum brasilense, Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescence, Bacillus megaterium, Lysinibacillus fusiformis) under salinity stress for three levels 4 dS/m, 8 dS/m and 12 dS/m pot experiment were carried out in Plant Protection Directorate/ Ministry of Agriculture / Abu-Ghreeb/ Baghdad. Using wheat cultivar IPA 99 In 2022-2023 season according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Several combinations of biofertilizers were used alone and with 25% chemical fertilizer, in addition to chemical fertilizer treatment at a concentration of 25% and 100% for comparis

      A field experiment was carried out in the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences- University of Baghdad. This study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of selection to improve some field traits associated with sunflower seed yield and select genotypes that will achieve the best balance between high yield components under conditions of nitrogen deficiency. The experiment included eight sunflower genotypes and three levels of N-supplied (50, 100, and 200) N kg ha^-1. RCBD was used design with split-plot arrangement the sunflower genotypes were allotted as main plots and sub-plots were allotted nitrogen fertilizer rates with three replicates for the autumn season o

اجريت تجربة حقلية بهدف معرفة تأثير بعض مصلحات التربة (الفحم الحيوي والبنتونايت)  في بعض الصفات الفيزيائية لتربة صحراوية وانتاجية الباقلاء. تضمنت التجربة اربعة مستويات من الفحم الحيوي نوع (Seek) هي 0 و5 و10 و 15 ميكاغرام ه^-1  ورمز لها ( S₀ و S₁ وS₂ و S₃) واربعة مستويات من البنتونايت هي 0 و 10 و 2

يهدف البحث إلى التركيز على رش أوراق النبات من الأسفل والأعلى عــن طـريـق عـمـل مرشة مصنوعة من

This study aimed to prepare protein concentrates from carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) waste as an alternative to nitrogen sources for the growth of lactic acid bacteria. Two types of protein concentrates were prepared using the pH shift method (Acidic protein concentrate at pH 2/4.5 and Basic protein concentrate at pH 12/4.5). The results showed that the process of removing the fat and precipitating proteins at the isoelectric point contributed to increasing protein recovery in the protein concentrates, the number of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, and Bifidobacterium animalis colonies in the alternative media was lower than the commercial DeMan, Rogosa and S