Aim of this research is the description with evaluation the photons rate probability at quark-gluon reactions processes theoretically depending on quantum color theory. In high energy physics as well as quantum field theory and quantum chromodynamics theory,they are very important for physical processes. In quark–gluon interaction there are many processes, the Compton scattering, annihilation pairs and quark–gluon plasma. There are many quantum features, each of three  and systems that taken which could make a quark–gluon plasma in character system. First, electric quark charge and color quantum charge that’s satisfied by quantum number. Second, the critical temperature and

Back ground: Cancer is the second leading cause of death throughout the world. Breast cancer, is one of the leading mortality reasons in women from Western Countries, in Iraq, breast cancer is the second reason of death After cardiovascular Diseases.

Material and method:

The study was carried out of period from October/2016-january /2017 and  included (90) serum samples for Iraqi women suffered from breast cancer . Samples were divided into two groups ,the first group included (66) patients (females) their age rang (22-55) years which attended to (tumor unit) at medical city educational oncology hospital and Al-Amal Al-Waatanii hospital in Baghdad ,the second group included (38) for

       The objective of this study is to test In Vitro the twenty chemical compounds that contains Schiff base or oxazepine, indoline, imidazolo units in concentrations( 50, 100, 150) mg / dl as antifungal activity, against three pathogenic Candida species  that occur in humans. We tested one isolates of

   ) Candida albicans ,Candida glabrata and Candida krusei). All these species affect human health . The study was carried out in the Laboratory of Public Health , directly of health for the period from May 2016 to April 2017  , Candida spp isolates used in this study were collected from patients admitted at  some private c

Traditional folk medicine is applied in the treatment of diversity chronic and acute conditions all over the worlds.  This study was carried out to assess the capability of aqueous beetle cocoon extract (Lorinus maculates F.) commonly known as (Tihan) in stimulating immune  response. Adult mice (5 in each group) were divided into two groups: the first one orally administered with 150 mg/kg and the second group received normal saline as a control group for 14 days. Bone marrow and spleen were proceed for mitotic index and phagocytosis estimated. The results showed a significant increase in mitotic index and phagocytosis in treaded mice in comparing with the negative control. These results concluded that Tihan has a

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder in women during fertilization age that reflects changing clinical symptoms. The genetic concept of PCOS is unclear and no significant genetic association with PCOS has been established. The level of Follicle stimulating hormone FSH is encoded by FSH receptor (FSHR) and abnormal FSHR affects follicle cogenesis and ovary and consist of 9 introns, 10 exons, and the region of chromosome promoter at 2p21. Sample of 93PCOS patients and 52 controls were collected from Province of Erbil in north of Iraq. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood and genotype dissected was improved for the two population of study using PCR-RFLP with the restriction enzyme Eam1105I

       Some studies indicated a relationship between increased serum levels of osteoprotegerin with arterial calcification and as a result, it leads to the risk of cardiovascular disease. In our study group we selected patients with osteoporosis, with similar age and body mass index for the assessment of the relationship between cardiovascular disease and osteoprotegerin serum level. We took into account the analysis of correlation and association between the presence of distinct patterns of atherosclerosis and associated diseases like high blood pressure,  diabetes mellitus, low HDL cholesterol, increased LDL cholesterol, increased triglycerides and was the case of presence of any type of dyslipidemia,

This research studies the development and synthesis of blended nanocomposites filled with Titanium dioxide (TiO2). Blended nanocomposites based on unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) and epoxy resins were synthesized by reactive blending. The optimum quantity from nano partical of titanium dioxide was selected and different weight proportions 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% ratios of new epoxy are blended with UPR resin. The dielectric breakdown strength and thermal conductivity properties of the blended nanocomposites were compared with those of the basis material (UPR and 3% TiO2).The results show good compatibility epoxy resins with the UPR resin on blending, dielectric breakdown strength values  are higher while thermal conductivity values of

To identify some of the virulence features (hemolysine, gelatenase, and biofilm formation) to study the gene expression of esp gene responsible for biofilm formation in E. faecalis bacteria.

Seventy isolates of E. faecalis were collected from diverse clinical causes, containing (urine, stool, wounds, uterine secretions) from numerous hospitals clinics in Baghdad city; Central Child Teaching Hospital, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, and the National Center for Educational Laboratories, during the period 1-7-2022 until 1-9-2022. Detection of some virulence factors (Hemolysin, Gelatinase, biofilm), Antibiotics sensitivity antibiotics was determined using VITEK2 system. esp gene expression responsible fo

Drought stress resulting from the depletion of available water in the soil leads to disturbances in the plant's metabolic processes, reducing productivity due to its decreased ability to absorb water and essential nutrients. This study aimed to evaluate the interactive effects of three bread wheat varieties (Adna 99, Bohooth 22, and Wafia), three drought stress levels (25% control, 50%, and 75% depletion of available water), and foliar application of micronutrients(control) iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (mn) at 100 mg L-¹) and no spraying on agro-biochemical characteristics. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that as drought conditio

In this paper, we present the concept of the radical of an Endo-Restricted Bounded submodule and establish its characterization, which is regarded as a new notion. In addition, we study the relationship between the radical of submodules and the radical of an Endo-Restricted Bounded submodules and this connection will give us important results in terms of their radical. Furthermore, this article will demonstrate numerous properties and corollaries that elucidate the concept of the Endo-Restricted Bounded submodule's radical. This work includes a new class of T-module as well as a T-submodule called the Endo-Restricted Bounded Module (submodule), written briefly as the Endo-R.B. module (submodule), provided with some examples that illustra

A low-cost thermal evaporation deposition technique has been used for the preparation of Cu₂Se thin films on glass substrates at RT with a thickness of 500 nm. Structural and optical properties of these films were investigated.  Structural characterization of the films was done using X-ray diffraction XRD analyses, atomic force microscopy AFM was used for the morphological characterization of the film samples, and UV-Vis spectroscopy was also used for the characterization of the samples. The films have been treated at different temperatures (403, 453 &503) K for 1 hour. X-ray diffraction (XRD-with wavelength 1.54 A) study of these films suggests a cubic structure and has prominent (220) orientation. And AFM analysis, it i

In this study, an extract from bamboo leaves was used to prepare ZnO NPs, CuO NPs, and ZnO/CuO NPs in a safe, efficient, and eco-friendly manner to reduce the toxicity of nanomaterials and their use in medical applications. XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the synthesized nanoparticles. The average crystalline size was 22 nm for ZnO, 13.8 nm for CuO, and 14.7 nm for the CuO-ZnO composite. ZnO nanoparticles were hexagonal, while CuO nanoparticles were monoclinic. FESEM demonstrated that the produced nanoparticles were formed in various configurations, combining spherical flower shapes with nanorods with sizes ranging from 30 to 60 nm, which promotes the creation of images and nanoparticles. EDX analysis verified that all s

The current study aimed to determine the effect of exposure to different colors of light and culture media with different concentrations of nutrients on growth curves, growth rates, doubling times of Chlorococcum humicola and different harvest times. The studied algae were grown in two different media, Chu13 and BG11 for comparison purpose with the effect of three colors of white, blue, and red lights. White light was adopted as a control factor. The harvest was carried out after the days (7, 14, 21, 28, 35) days of development to determine the highest growth rate in the shortest time during five weeks and therefore to determine the best harvest time in producing the highest growth rates and growth curves and the lowest doubling

   Excessive use of pesticides has led to increasing concern about undesirable effects on human health and the environment. Imidacloprid is an internationally used neonicotinoid insecticide due to its significant toxicity to insects. Its residues may reach the food chain, which is important for examining the potentially harmful properties of imidacloprid exposure. The current study aimed to characterize the histopathological effects of imidacloprid on the liver of male rabbits.

The Imidacloprid administration daily at the two chronic oral doses of (45 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg, daily) for 37 days. Treated male rabbits groups for treatment concentrations revealed many histopathological changes in the liver, such as congestion o

The determination of captopril (CAP) using a new continuous flow injection analysis (CFIA) method was given in this work CAP in its pure state and some of its pharmaceutical preparations. The technique can be described as simple, fast, sensitive, easy to operate, and low-cost. The CAP reacted with ammonium ceric(IV) sulfate (ACS)2(NH₄ )₂SO₄Ce(SO₄)₂. 3 H₂O in an acidic medium and the reaction led to the formation of a white, slightly yellowish precipitate. The formed precipitate was studied using Ayah 6S×1-ST-2D Solar cell-CFI Analyzer, a through the reflection of accident light on the surfaces of the precipitate particles at (0-180⁰), expressed as the response

We conducted a taxonomic and phenotypic study on Bagrada hilaris, collected from various regions in central Iraq such as Baghdad, Diyala, and Babel governorates, between the end of May and October 2022. The study showed that the third segment of the antennae is the longest of all segments, and the head contains a pair of simple brown eyes. The rostrum extends to the end of the hind leg coxa, and each abdominal ring contains a pair of spiracles. The tarsus consists of three segments and bears a pair of claws. The phallus and paramere, representing male genitalia, consist of two parts: a medium-thick basal part known as the stem and a broad apical part known as the blade. The blade consists of two protrusions of unequal length. Th

The suggested mathematical model for studying the effect of refuge on the dissolved oxygen in the plankton ecosystem is based on measurements of dissolved oxygen, phytoplankton, and zooplankton populations. The aim of this work is to find out the potential equilibrium and to investigate their behaviour. The study shows that there are three points of equilibrium. The feasibility requirements and stability conditions for all steady states are determined. Using the consumption of oxygen by zooplankton as a bifurcation parameter, we test for the presence of Hopf- bifurcation for the interior equilibrium. It is shown what conditions must be met for stable limit cycles. Finally, a numerical simulation is conducted to back up the analytical fin

The effect of couple stress, slip condition, changing rotation, and other variables on the peristaltic flow of Powell-Eyring fluid in an inclined asymmetric channel with an inclining magnetic field through a porous media is investigated in this study. Constitutive equations obeying the Powell-Eyring fluid model are employed. In flow analysis, assumptions such as a low Reynolds number and a long wavelength approximation are used. The stream function and mechanical efficiency have closed form expressions devised. The stream function is expressed mathematically. Through the collection of figures, the impact of various criteria is explained and graphically represented Through the collection of figures, the impact has been explained of the Ha

An inherited tendency is necessary for the manifestation of celiac disease (CD), an autoimmune, gluten-sensitive, inflammatory disorder of the small intestine. Gluten, a storage protein in cereals, causes CD. An increase in oxidant compound generation, surpassing the capacity of the endogenous antioxidant system, causes oxidative stress (OS). This study aims to evaluate some oxidants and antioxidants factors in Iraqi females with CD. This hospital-based cross-sectional study at Baghdad Educational Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, involved 100 female participants of reproductive age. Tests have been measured, such as total oxidants (TOS), total antioxidants (TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), nitric oxide (NO), total protein (TP), and

     In the current research work, the prepared new ligand 3hydroxy-2-(3-(4-nitro-benzoyl) thiouriedo) propanoic acid (NTP) has undergone synthesis through the reactions of 4-nitrobenzol isothiocyanate with the serine amino acid; its complex has been studied by effects of the temperature ranging within (25-45 ^oC) and various concentrations on molar conductivity values from Arinus' law application, by which decomposition constant and uniform molar conductivity is determined. The thermo0dynamic parameters (i.e., ΔS, ΔG, and ΔH) have been estimated and then discussed. Results have shown that the level of the molar conductivity increases with the degree of temperature and decreases with the increase of the concentration usi

     Sulfamethoxazole and its derivatives are commonly utilized in the pharmaceutical and medicinal industry due to their biological and pharmaceutical activities, including anti-tubercular, anti-fungal, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and herbicidal activities. This review presents the latest and most promising studies related to synthesizing organic derivatives of sulfamethoxazole and their drug-metal complexes and the biological activity associated with these complexes. Some organic drugs, including sulfamethoxazole, exhibit toxicological and pharmacological properties that can be administered in the form of metal complexes. Many researchers have synthesized organic ligands derived from sulfamethoxazole in the forms of Sc

  This study employed the biosynthetic technique for creating vanadium nanoparticles (VNPs), which are affordable and user-friendly; VNPs was synthesized using vanadium sulfate (VOSO₄.H₂O) and a plant extract derived from Fumaria Strumii Opiz (E2) at a NaOH concentration of 0.1 M. This study aims to investigate the potential applications of utilizing an adsorbent for metal ions to achieve environmentally friendly production and assess its antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. The reaction was conducted in an alkaline environment with a pH range of 8–12. The resulting product was subjected to various characterization techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spe

It was collected 145 samples from a variety of clinical sources, including urinary tract infections, wounds, blood, respiratory tract infections, stool, sputum, and high vaginal swabs, from various hospitals in Baghdad. Following the collection, we conducted microscopic examinations, biochemical examinations, and diagnosis. The Vitek-2 Compact System conducted the final analysis. It was gotten 50 isolates of Escherichia coli, and 34% of those were from urinary tract infections, wounds, respiratory system infections, sputum, and vaginal swabs. 72% of the isolates were from urinary tract infections, 14% were from wounds, and 2% were from respiratory system infections. Next, we conducted genotyping and tested for beta-lactamase res

Time-delay differential equations-based mathematical modeling is a significant tool for understanding the effect of delay in biological systems and analyzing how it affects the dynamics of those systems' asymptotic behavior. The prey-predator model described in this paper includes disease in the prey species, harvesting in each population, and time delays in predation and gestation of the predator. The solutions of the model are positive and bounded for all times within a realistic region. The existence of all fixed points has been established. When a time delay is present, the essential requirements for the local stability of the positive equilibrium and the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation can be determined by analyzing the associated ch

This study was done to clarify the effects of PGF2a on thymocytes in rat thymus gland, and the possibility of minimizing its effects by using fenugreek extract. The results have shown that PGF2a can cause a considerable degenerative changes in thymocytes. On the other hand,the fenugreek extract enhances the thymocyte proliferation and at least minimizes the effects of PGF2a on thymocytes.

This study was conducted in 2018, at Technical College of Applied Sciences, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Kurdistan Region-Iraq. The aim of the study was to determinate nutritional compositions and some elemental contents in marketable white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) that is collected in local markets of Kurdistan Region-Iraq. Five different samples (A: Penjwen product fresh, B: Sulaimani product fresh, C: American caned, D: Valencia Netherlandcaned and E: Erbil product fresh) were collected to be observed. The elements were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry methods, and their chemical compassions were determined, too. The collected data were analyzed by One Way ANOVA. The highest fat, protein, fiber and d

A watermark is a pattern or image defined in a paper that seems as different shades of light/darkness when viewed by the transmitted light which used for improving the robustness and security. There are many ways to work Watermark, including the addition of an image or text to the original image, but in this paper was proposed another type of watermark is add curves, line or forms have been drawn by interpolation, which produces watermark difficult to falsify and manipulate it. Our work suggests new techniques of watermark images which is embedding Cubic-spline interpolation inside the image using Bit Plane Slicing. The Peak to Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Mean Square Error (MSE) value is calculated so that the quality of the original i

The main objectives of this pepper are to introduce new classes. We have attempted to obtain coefficient estimates, radius of convexity, Distortion and  Growth theorem and other related results for the classes

Let  be a commutative ring with identity, and  be a unitary left -module. In this paper we introduce the concept pseudo weakly closed submodule as a generalization of -closed submodules, where a submodule  of an -module  is called a pseudo weakly closed submodule, if for all , there exists a -closed submodule  of  with  is a submodule of  such that . Several basic properties, examples and results of pseudo weakly closed submodules are given. Furthermore the behavior of pseudo weakly closed submodules in class of multiplication modules are studied. On the other hand modules with chain conditions on pseudo weakly closed submodules are established. Also, the relationships of  pseudo weakly closed

In this work, a step-index fiber with core index  and cladding index  has been designed. Single-mode operation can be obtained by using a fiber with core diameters 4–13 µm operating at a wavelength of 1.31 µm and by 4–15 µm at 1.55 µm. The fundamental fiber mode properties such as phase constant, effective refractive index, mode radius, effective mode area and the power in the core were calculated. Distributions of the intensity and the amplitude were shown.