Abstract 

The Phenomenon of Extremism of Values ​​(Maximum or Rare Value) an important phenomenon is the use of two techniques of sampling techniques to deal with this Extremism: the technique of the peak sample and the maximum annual sampling technique (AM) (Extreme values, Gumbel) for sample (AM) and (general Pareto, exponential) distribution of the POT sample. The cross-entropy algorithm was applied in two of its methods to the first estimate using the statistical order and the second using the statistical order and likelihood ratio. The third method is proposed by the researcher. The MSE comparison coefficient of the estimated parameters and the probability density function for each of the distributions were

Abstract

The research aims to identify the extent of the practice of social responsibility in accordance with the social dimension and diagnosis of constraints applied.

Find the problem represented by the Social Responsibility and obstacles facing application in Baghdad Municipality through their workers trends analysis.

The adoption of the statistical method to analyze the data and information gathering, and selected municipalities of Adhamiya and Kadhimiya deliberate manner applied as a state and municipal councils of both cities as representatives of the local community to be the subject of research and comparison between them to see the reality of soci

Banking reforms in many countries have focused on the efficiency enhance of the banking sector, including Iraq, in terms of indicative steps based on recommendations, policies and standards developed by international organizations, foremost of which are Basel III. In this paper, it has tried to highlight the reforms in Basel III and the impact of these reforms on the stability of the banking system in Iraq. As the research derives its importance from the idea that the sound banking system consists of a group of banks capable of employing their assets and obligations efficiently in financial intermediation and enjoying financial solvency. The stability of the banking system is an important factor in achieving the leading role of t

Abstract

This study was to demonstrate the role-use planning scientific methods is disabled and little used in the planning and follow-up construction of vital projects in the province of Baghdad, including network planning methods, in order to find the optimal time to finish the project in light of the resources available and the budget set for it, in the current research has been used the most prominent network planning methods and two stylistic (CPM / PERT), was the application of the critical path method on standard-design school project (traditional) to draw Action Network according to confirmed times for the activities of the project and account his Crashing time , It was Pert technique applied to the project hemato

Most economic units suffer from high rates of environmental pollution and a shortage of available resources and energy. This iead to a significant increase in production costs. In addition the economic units  lack of using modern cost methods through which environmental costs and production costs are identified, allocated and measured. One of these methods is the value flow method . which works to track production processes, analyze inputs and outputs, and classify them into sound products and unhealthy products (waste).This in turn  enables management to identify value-added activities and non-value-added activities, and works to reduce environmental impacts, the amount of waste, and reduce losses that occur during production,

The research aims to investigate the possibility of joint auditing in improving the market value of Iraqi companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange. The sample was represented by 10 Iraqi companies listed in the Iraq market for the period from 2014-2017 (2 years before implementation and 2 years after implementation) and the research was based on the idea that joint auditing enhances investor confidence and raises their level of security as a result of providing quality and reliable reports, and thus This indicates good news in the market that reflects on the performance of stocks and the market value of companies that adopt joint auditing. The results of the analysis indicate an improvement in the market value, but this improv

Strategic planning for a specific phenomenon depends mainly on accurate prediction by developing a model to represent that phenomenon. Therefore, this research dealt with spatiotemporal series models such as the STARIMA model (p_λ, d, q_m) model when there is a spatial correlation for neighbouring sites and a spatial correlation for the same geographical location. The methods for estimating the parameters are the Conditional Maximum Likelihood method and the method of estimating the parameters using the genetic algorithm (MLE_GA). These models were compared using the statistical comparison metrics (RMSE). The data represents the daily infections with the COVID-19 epidemic for (10) sectors on the Rusafa side

Purpose: The research seeks to show the role of public spending policies in promoting GDP by stating the role of spending policy indicators in GDP during the research period.

Theoretical Framework: The research deals with many concepts related to the subject of the study, which are public spending and its policies, in addition to concepts related to public expenditure policy indicators. Also, the definition of GDP and its trends in the Iraqi economy.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Use the financial statements for the period (2004-2021) to knowing the trends of public spending in the Iraqi economy and to knowing the role played by analyzing the spending policies used by the

Purpose: The objective of this study was to aims to highlight the economic impacts of environmental and climate changes on both developed and developing countries, with a specific focus on Iraq's agricultural sector

Theoretical framework: The research dealt with environmental and climate changes and their effects on the agricultural sector in Iraq. The research problem revolves around the economic challenges facing Iraq, which revolve around the challenges of environmental and climate change, which exacerbate the problem of desertification, drought, and lack of water resources.

Design/methodology/approach: The researcher adopted the deductive approach and the analytical d

In this paper, we discuss estimating the parameters of the restricted gamma ridge regression model by combining gamma ridge regression with restricted maximum likelihood. The characteristics of the new estimator and its superiority over the restricted gamma ridge regression estimator and restricted maximum likelihood will be identified, using several formulas for the shrinkage factor k, and it will also be Using the Monte Carlo simulation method to generate data that suffers from the problem of multicollinearity with different sizes (n=25,50,100,250) in light of other influential factors (degree of correlation, number of explanatory variables), and subjecting the parameters to linear restrictions, to get rid of the problem of multicollin

The banking sector is one of the important sectors in Iraq, and the last stage witnessed the emergence of several private banks in the competition market, and in order to determine the efficiency of existing banks, the resources available to government and private banks were analyzed and compared with two international banks to determine their efficiency ratios for the surveyed banks using data envelopment analysis, the research problem was diagnosed in the lack of interest in measuring the efficiency of banks by exploiting the resources available to maximize profits, the aim of the research is to determine the efficiency of the banks studied according to the direction of outputs and to conduct continuous analysis of the results in order

This paper, utilized the Restricted Partially Additive Regression Model to analyze air quality data in Baghdad governorate, with a focus on addressing multicollinearity issues among independent variables and outliers in the dependent variable. Through the implementation of classical estimators, ridge estimators, robust estimators, and the imposition of non-random constraints on the parametric parts of the model Through method of Robust Ridge-MM Estimator in Restricted Additive Partially Regression Model, the study aimed to assess the model's effectiveness in dealing with air pollution challenges during the summer season. Results obtained through the use of pre-built packages and algorithms in the R programming language indicated that int

The research aimed to find out the role of spending on education in alleviating poverty in Iraq for the period (2021_2004) and developing appropriate solutions to alleviate poverty, as well as the research sought to measure the role of spending on education in Iraq during the selected period of (2021_2004), based on the premise that although the percentage of current spending of public spending is large, the percentage of spending on education is small, so its contribution was weak in alleviating poverty in Iraq,  As the spending on education in Iraq during the research period was affected by many shocks and critical and difficult conditions, the most important of which is the fluctuation of oil prices and the long wars against terr

The research aims to analyze and measure the reality of the Iraqi economy for the period (2004-2021)by applying the concept of financial sustainability and its indicators on economic growth. The paper's problem lies in the weak implementation of financial sustainability and indicators in most financial decisions in Iraq, negatively impacting economic growth in most economic sectors in Iraq. The paper started from the hypothesis that the weak implementation of financial sustainability in most of Iraq has contributed to the weakness of economic growth. The validity of the hypothesis has been proven using a standard model known as the Multiple Regression Model (ARDL),  the study has yielded several results, the most important being the

Maximizing the effectiveness of the agricultural investment environment for all its basic inputs from the economic and human resources available in Iraq represents a qualitative breakthrough in the production of strategic crops, therefore, the research problem came from the weak production of strategic agricultural crops in Iraq in quantity and quality, due to the ineffectiveness of the agricultural investment environment, as a result of the lack of government support, the deterioration of the infrastructure of the agricultural sector, and a shortage of monetary capital, Finally, the scarcity of water resources, the problem was treated using the analytical method, thus, the research aims to demonstrate the importance of developing the ag

Purpose: The objective of this study is to create an interactive marketing model that aligns with the commercial development strategies of mobile phone operators in Iraq.

Theoretical framework: Recent literature has reported good results on the new design of the interactive marketing model that is compatible with the development of work in the Iraqi mobile phone companies in the research sample.

Design/methodology/approach: Mobile phone companies in Iraq (Asia Cell, Zain, Korek) were chosen as a field for the application, and a purposive research sample consisting of (35) people was chosen from the human resources of the aforementioned companies. Questions prepared for th

Degree of financial leverage refers to the percentage of bank assets financed through debt, which banks must employ to achieve returns and cover costs, as well as the availability of cash at maturity. Therefore, the problem of the study arises in how the indicators of leverage and cash liquidity affect the indicators of financial performance in the Iraqi banking sector. That is why the study aims to use econometrics to demonstrate the impact of leverage and cash liquidity on the financial performance indicators represented by return on assets (ROA) and net profit margin (NPM) for a sample of 38 conventional and Islamic banks for the period 2010-2022. The Dynamic Panel Data methodology was used to determine the relationship between variab

Purpose: The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between

agriculture development and unemployment rate for the period of 1991-2-2022 in Iraq.

Theoretical framework: In the context of agricultural employment, agriculture is recognised as a crucial component of economic advancement and emphasises the significance of efficiently utilising all available resources, including human resources (Alsudani & Al-Hiyali, 2021). Moreover, the growth of agricultural and the unemployment rate have been used as two indicators to evaluate the significance of the agriculture sector(Jongerden et al., 2019).

Design/methodology/approach: In order to examine wheth

The research aims to show the impact of structural imbalances in the main sectors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by testing the relationship in the short and long term between the variables of the structure of the main sectors of industry, agriculture, and mining, in addition to the price of oil as independent variables, and between the public budget expressed by 1990-2021. The results have resulted in a long-term relationship between the main sectors and the oil price and between the deficit and the surplus of the general budget with a negative correction factor of (-0.77) in order to return to the equilibrium situation in the short term and the long term, and the research reached a set of conclusions that the changing price of oil was

Characterized Iraq, being one of the oldest countries where oil was discovered in the Middle East since 1927, and possess a vast oil reserves. In addition, the production and marketing of Iraqi oil continued since 1934 and until the present time. Over the past eight decades, the range of economic benefit of the financial Iraq’s oil resources varied according to the applicable forms of investments in the oil sector in Iraq.

This research included a study

Saudi Arabia’s banking sector plays an important role in the country’s development as it is among the leading sectors in the financial sector. Considering, two main Saudi banks (The National Commercial Bank and Saudi American bank), the present study aims to observe the impact of emotional intelligence on employee performance. The components of emotional intelligence affecting employee performance include self-management, relationship management, self-awareness, and social awareness. A quantitative methodology was applied to analyse the survey results of 300 respondents over the period from 2018 to 2019. The results show that there was a significant positive impact of self-management, self-awareness, and relationship manageme

The research intended to take into consideration the phenomena of employing the temporary employees through the business organization increasingly, which has become one of the most apparent features of the contemporary strategy of the human resources management. It depends on the analytical descrptive Approach to meet the research problem which has been focalized around the dispute praising regarding the phenomena of the temporary employment and its dimensions and challenges which can be faced by the management of human resources as a result .The importance of the research is represented as one of rare research which confronts to the phenomena of the temporary employment in the Iraqi business environment. The most prominent objec

Use of lower squares and restricted boxes
In the estimation of the first-order self-regression parameter
AR (1) (simulation study)

لا زال انضمام العراق الى WTO  مثار جدل لما يترتب على هذا الانضمام من اثار كبيرة وخطيرة على الاقتصاد العراقي الذي لا يزال يعيش ظروف صعبة ناتجة عن تدمير قدراته وبناه التحتية اثر الحروب والحصار والتي امتدت لحوالي ثلاثة عقود .

العراق يحتاج الى فرصة اعادة تنظيم  قدراته وامكاناته سواء في القطاع الصناعي او القطاع الزراعي وان الاخير يمثل حالة تتطلب منها منح العراق افضليات تدع

Abstract

         Most of the industrial organization in the world became suffering from the problem of the pollution of the poisonous chemicals things, this urged to depend on the principle of the responsible production, because it has the positive role by dealing with these chemical things and to safe the health of the society, due to the main goal of this study is to restrict the role responsible production in accomplishing the system of the environmental management through an actual study in the northern gas company in Kirkuk province, the topic has acquired a big importance bacause there were a limited number of studies and res

 Foreign direct investment has seen increasing interest worldwide, especially in developing economies. However, statistics have shown that Yemen received fluctuating FDI inflows during the period under study. Against this background, this research seeks to determine the relationship and impact of interest rates on FDI flows. The study also found other determinants that greatly affected FDI inflows in Yemen for the period 1990-2018. Study data collected from the World Bank and International Monetary Fund databases. It also ensured that the time series were made balanced and interconnected, and then the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag method used in the analysis. The results showed that the interest rates and

The dividends is one of difficult and important decisions taken by the administration in the economic units, because this decision has a direct impact on the investor and economic unit, so the main objective of any investor is achieve earnings, as well as information borne by dividends about the earnings quality of the economic unit and the level and efficiency of management to achieving earnings.

The research aims at explaining the effect of the dividends policy on the earnings quality in the companies listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange. The Miller model was used to measu

The growth curves of the children are the most commonly used tools to assess the general welfare of society. Particularity child being one of the pillars to develop society; through these tools, we can path a child's growth physiology. The Centile line is of the important tools to build these curves, which give an accurate interpretation of the information society, also respond with illustration variable age. To build standard growth curves for BMI, we use BMI as an index. LMSP method used for finding the Centile line which depends on four curves represents Median, Coefficient of Variation, Skews, and Kurtosis. These can be obtained by modeling four parameters as nonparametric Smoothing functions for the illustration variable. Ma

Abstract

In light of the great technological development and the emergence of globalization has increased global competition, where it became competitive exercise pressure on all sectors. In light of this companies mast enviorment depend on the means that keeps them on the competitive position through access to information about competitors in order to help them to draw a strategy that will achieve a competitive edge either through excellence or reduce the costs of their products and this means intelligence competitive and reverse engineering that help to gain information on competitors analyze and put of the decision-maker From this point formed the idea of ​​research in the statement of the role of

يهدف البحث إلى الكشف عن تأثير الممارسات الأخلاقية الجامعية (السلبية والإيجابية) في تحديد مستوى جودة الأداء الجامعي، اختار الباحثان عينة من كليات الإدارة والاقتصاد في جامعات المنطقة الجنوبية مجالا للدراسة، واعتمد فرضية مفادها (يعتمد مستوى الأداء الجامعي على تجنب الممارسات السلبية في السلوك الأخلاقي الجامعي والالتزام بالممارسات الإيجابية).  توصل البحث إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات من