This study aimed to detect Babesia gibsoni (B. gibsoni) in dogs of different ages, sex and breeds in Baghdad province by microscopic and molecular investigations using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses. The present study was investigated B. gibsoni in 310 blood samples of dogs for the period from December 2018 to September 2019 in Baghdad province, Iraq. The molecular study was carried out by using universal primers of Babesia spp. (PIRO-A and PIRO-B) and specific primers of B. gibsoni (BAGIF and BAGIR) products size of 410 bp and 488 bp fragments of 18S rRNA gene respectively. The clinical signs revealed higher percentage and specific clinical signs of B. gibsoni as depre

This study aimed to investigate the impacts of the Trigonella foenum-graecum (T. foenum-graecum) seeds on the female gonad. A total of twenty local rabbits were used in this study; were divided into four groups (5 each): first group (G1) was considered as the control group. The second group (G2), third group (G3) and fourth group (G4) were fed daily1.5%, 3%, and 4.5% of T. foenum-graecum seeds respectively for 60 days (twice daily). At the end of the experiment, the animals were euthanized by diethyl ether (C2H52O). Then the abdomen was incised, and the samples of ovaries were collected and fixed by 10% neutral buffered formalin. The histological assessment was done with a paraffin embedding technique and the

Cryptosporidium is one of the most common protozoan’s parasites with remarkable infectivity of a wide range of animals, including mammals and birds. Domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) act as a potential reservoir for several species of Cryptosporidium because they live in close proximity to humans. This study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium in domestic pigeons in Iraq. A total of one hundred samples obtained from feces of domestic pigeons in Babylon province were included. After being exposed to microbial examination, all fecal samples were subsequently screened by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the possible recognition of Cryptosporidium species. Microsc

This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of brine solution in compared to nisin and ozonated water treatments against E. coli O157:H7 in experimentally local produced soft cheese (ELPSC). A total of 25 raw cow milk samples were collected from farmers and local markets in Baghdad city and utilized to manufacturing 25 of ELPSC samples following the traditional procedure in rural Iraq without salting or heat treatment. Bacteriological analysis for potential E. coli O157:H7 contamination was performed and confirmed by cultural, biochemical, and serological tests. Antibacterial activity of brine solution (7% w/v), nisin solution (100 IU/mL), and ozonated water (0.6 ppm) was performed for positive samples after 2 h contact time

The toxin of the protozoan intracellular parasite of sheep Sarcocystis gigantea is associated with many clinical and pathological signs. The aim of the study was to investigate In Vitro various chromosomal aberrations due to sarcocystosis infection. Macrocysts of Sarcocystis gigantea were isolated from local karadi sheep, homogenized with glass Dounce homogenizer; acetone powder was prepared from it and used in various concentrations to investigate the chromosomal aberration in vitro against sheep lymphocytes. The direct effects of parasite cystizoites acetone powder revealed various genotoxicity effects. These effects included chromosomal aberration (Isogap, Breaks and Dicentrics) and chromatids aberration (

This study was conducted in order to find out the effect of Spirulina platensis (S. platensis) algae mixed with drinking water (2%) on the production performance of broiler chickens infected with or without Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and compare it with the effects of probiotics (containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. casi, L. reuteri, and Bacillus subtillis), prebiotics (containing antioxidants and a group of vitamins) as well as oxytetracycline. The experiment included 350 one day old (Ross-308) broiler chicks, randomly divided into 7 groups by 50 chicks per group for 35 days. The groups were divided as follows: T1: infected experimentally with E. faecalis only, T2: treated with S. platensis, T3:

The genus Phlebotomus is naturally responsible for the transmission of many protozoal parasites like Leishmania. The study was conducted to determine the effect of some climate factors on sandflies distribution over a year from December 2019 to November 2020. A total of 268 sandflies of both sexes were collected from different areas in Misan province, Iraq. Sandflies were collected using light traps and stick oil paper, then placed in cups or Petri dishes containing sterile normal saline for examination. The current study showed an inverse relationship between the presence and number of sandflies with temperatures. Rainfall had a significant impact on parasite distribution, while wind speed had a potential im

     Yersiniosis is a zoonotic disease which infects many animal species. A preliminary study was done to detect the incidence of Yersinia enterocolitica in sheep. One thousand and two hundred fecal samples were collected randomly from sheep in four governorates in the southern region of Iraq: Thi-Qar, Al-Muthana, Messan and Basrah, in the period from July 2016 to June-2017. Enrichment Yersinia broth at 4°C for 48 hours was used for isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica. Selective Cefsulodin Irgasan Novobiocin and non selective media were used for bacterial culture. The identification of Yersinia enterocolitica was based on colony morphology and biochemical characters, API 20E and V

     أن الهدف من هذه الدراسة معرفة تأثير المصادر المختلفة للمياه في بعض معايير الدم لإناث الأرانب المحلية، أجريت هذه الدراسة في الحقل الحيواني التابع لكلية الطب البيطري جامعة بغداد من 1/12/2012 لغاية 15/3/2013.  أستخدمت 28 أنثى أرانب محلية وبعمر 2.5-3 شهر تقريباً وقسمت بصورة عشوائية ومتساوية إلى أربعة مجاميع مع الأخذ بنظر الأعتبار وزن الجسم الحي وكما يلي المجموعة الأولى مجموعة الماء المغلي والمبرد (سيطرة) و

    The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of infection with the genus Eimeria in draught and Al- Fourosia club horses of Baghdad province regarding season sex, and age.  The prevalence of Eimeria oocysts was investigated from November 2009 to July 2010 in 369 horses from Baghdad province; they included 136 draught horses and 233 Al-Fourosia club horses varying in age from < 2-12 years old. Fecal samples were examined by using direct method and flotation technique. Eimeria oocysts were found in 75 (20.32%) of the samples divided into 41(30.14%) from draught horses and 34 (14.59%) from Al-Fourosia club horses with a significant difference (P<0.05) between the two groups.

     The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of olive polyphenols (200 mg/kg) on mature reproductive performance of male rats subjected to oxidative stress by 1%hydrogen peroxide. Twenty rats were divided randomly into four equal groups and treated for 30 days to control group C which were orally adminstrated ordinary tap water, while the first group (G1) was given 1% H₂O₂ in drinking water, the second group (G2) was treated orally alcoholic extract of polyphenol in olive (200mg/kg) by oral intubation. The third treated group (G3) was treated orally H₂O₂ and black olive fruit- polyphenol. Blood samples were collected after 30 days for measuring, the serum conc

This study was concerned with conduction of experiment for this reason three groups of broiler chicks
were used.First group (which is consisted of 15 chicks) was infected experimentally with H9N2
(AMR.ANT/IRAQ/2005) (108.6 ELD50/0.1ml) at age (8) day. Second group (which is consisted of 15
chicks) was infected experimentally with H9N2 (AMR.ANT/IRAQ/2005) (108.6 ELD50/0.1ml) at age
(24) day. . The third group (which was consisted of 10 chicks) was considered as a control group
without infection. Immune response in all chicks groups was estimated at age (24, 44) days depending
on ELISA test.

This study was done on 29 mature rabbits to observe the effect of sub mucosa of small intestine of sheep in
the healing of avulsion wound in rabbits, animals divided to three equal groups:
First group: The avulsion wound in the thigh region was left without treatment, just covering with bandage and
considered as a control group.
Second group: Treatment of clean avulsion wound in the thigh region was done by covering it with sub mucosa
of small intestine which previously prepared.
Third group: Treatment of infected avulsion wound in the thigh region was done by covering it with sub mucosa
of small intestine which previously prepared.
The results of this study show that the sub mucosas of small intestine have the ab

One of the "hallmarks of cancer" is altered energy metabolism, which is increased glycolysis in cancer cells, the primary source of energy that uses this metabolic pathway to generate ATP. Oncolytic virotherapy with aerobic glycolysis inhibitor smart therapeutic approach to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. The current study aimed to use the 2-Deoxyglucose (2DG), a specific glycolysis inhibitor, to enhance the Newcastle disease virus (NDV). In this study, a mouse model of breast cancer allograft with mammary adenocarcinoma tumor cells (AN3) was used and treated with 2DG, NDV, and a combination of both. Anti-tumor efficacy and glycolysis analysis (hexokinase -1 (HK-1), pyruvate, and ATP) were determined. The induction of oxidative stress

Fifteen albino mice were subjected to three days dehydration and fifteen albino mice were given 1

Aspartame (ASP) is a sugar substitute. Its use rose because it has been demonstrated to have deleterious effects after being metabolized. In the presence of antioxidant vitamins C or E, the effects of ASP on reproductive hormones of adult male and female Albino Wister rats were investigated. A total of eighty male and female rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into four groups: group 1, received no treatment; group 2, received ASP at 40 mg/kg BW; group 3, received ASP at 40 mg/kg BW with vitamin C at 150 mg/kg BW; and group 4, received ASP at 40 mg/kg BW and vitamin E at 100 mg/kg BW. All treatments were given orally by gavage needle once daily for consecutive 90 days. The levels of estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating ho

 Electrophoretic patterns of serum protein in 12 Arabian race horses acutely infected with Babesia equi revealed a significant decrease in albumin (P<0.01) and beta globulins (P<0.05) where, alpha globulins fractions significantly (P<0.01) increased. No significant (P

Testes from 700 male goats aged l - 3 years , slaughtered at Baghdad abatteir, were examined during 6 months period. Histological and bacteriological examinations were done when gross lesions were observed. The results revealed that epidedimytis was observed in 21 (3%) of the examined animals ; 16 (2.3%) cases were unilaterally affected and S (0.7%) cases were bilaterally affected.

Bacteriological isolations from infected organs included :

Corynebacterium ovis (6 isolates) and Actinomyces pyogenes (3 isolates) both constituted the majonty of isolates ; as well as E. coli (4 iso-lates), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus epidermidis, Cory. bovis., Staph. aureus, Cory , ulcerams &. Yersinia pseuclotuberculosis

It emerges from bacteriological study that it is possible to isolate many bacterial types a

From Ministry of Health records from 1989-1995, Giardiasis in human being was recorded betw

This experiment aimed to study the effect of diet supplementation with
feed enzyme (Poultrygrow) or chromium yeast (Biochrom) on the intestinal
microbial balance of broiler chicks. A total of 300 broiler chicks, one day old,
were randomly allocated into three treatment groups and named T1, T2 and T3
respectively. Chicks in T1 used as control while chicks in T2 and T3 were feed
diets with two feed additives, Poultrygrow and Biochrom, respectively.
The data show that the two feed additives were decreased the total
bacterial count and coliform count in crop, Jujinum and large intestine but the
statistical analysis showed that the effect were not significant. Supplementation
of diet with Biochrom were significantly

This study lasted for eight months .The main objectives of the study were
to identify the main sources of raw milk pollution with Salmonella with a
special emphasis on determination of their serotypes. The relationship between
their resistance to antibiotics and their plasmide contents were also studied.
Six hundred raw milk samples collected randomly at weekly intervals where the
first (300) samples were from the individual milk cans (50 Kg each) at the
producers homes in Abu-Ghraib village while the second (300) samples were
collected from the scale bulk tanks (2 tons) inside the milk reception and
collection center at the same village.
In addition to that (200) swabs were taken from four different location (

Survey on the distribution of Hydatiddosis in sheep in A Anbar province have
been done during period 1/1/2OO2to31/12/2002. This survey showed that
℅28.29 of sheep suffering from Hydatidosis also showed that the infection is
more in female than in male .The incidence was increased in cold season,
meanwhile the percentage of organ infection in both male & female being low in
liver but higher in lung and the infection the highest in organs, liver and lung
together.

The aim of this study to detect Cryptospordiosis among children (1 day –10 years) in some Wadi Al-Shati areas (Brack ,Akar,Al-Qurda and

Wanzreek). A total of 280 faecal samples were examined by flotation with sheather s’ sugar solution and acid fast staining techniques to detect Cryptospordium oocysts .The results of study demonstrated that 29 samples (10 .3 % ) were positive with highest infection rates in young children between ( days and 1-2

years, which reached 34.2 % and 23 % respectively.

Live attenuated vaccine of Strept. Equi was prepared by culturing the bacterium
in increasing concentration of acriflavin and the vaccine was given by
installation in the nose of rabbits. The treated group showed immune response,
the titer of the antibodies was 59.4 ± 4.57 after 2 weeks of vaccination, 237±
18.28 after 4 weeks, 475.4 ± 36.57 after 6 weeks, & reach atiter of 512 ± 0 after
8 weeks, and the treated group did not show any signs after challenge dose,
while the control group died after challenge.

This study has been conducted to study the effect of experimentally
infected broiler chicks orally by two dosages of Listeria monocytogenes in
the percentages of serum protein of 30 broiler chicks at 7 and 15 days of
infection . The birds randomly distributed into three treatments , T1 : control
group , T2 : chicks orally infected by 6 X 405 CFU of L. monocytogenes , T3
: chicks orally infected by 34 X 4010 CFU of L. monocytogenes. The data
obtained revealed the following :-
Percentages of serum Pre-albumin , Albumin , Total albumins and  -
Globulin were decreased significantly (P<0.05) , in the same time
Post_albumin ,  ,  - Globuluins and Total globulins increased significantly
(P<0.05) in b

This study was conducted at the College of Veterinary Medicine ,University of Baghdad to prepare synbiotic of  Sacch. cerevisiae  and used as 0.1 and 0 .2 % of feed (T2,T3) for reducing the experimental infection of Salmonella typhimurium  to  broiler  chicks  ( 1-15 days)  by  using 40 birds

divided into four treatments , T1 was negative control with 0.1 % synbiotics and T4 was positive control with experimental infection only , production and blood parameters were studed , and the results showed the following: A synbiotic of Sacch. cerevisiae was prepared at the first time locally which have 10 ⁷ cfu of  Sacch. cerevisiae and 10 mg Manna

Two hundreds suspected typhoid fever patients blood and stool samples
were collected. The diagnosis of patients was concerned with the clinical
symptoms and serologically obtained from Widal test by using both H,Oantigens.
The titer of antibodies were concentrated at a levels 80, 160 against
each antigens. Typhoid fever infect both sex, but the rate of infection among
males was higher (54%) as compared with that of females (46%), while the
highest rate of infection was encountered among the age 15-29 years old in
males and females 24.5%, 17.5% respectively. Sixty one isolates of
Salmonella typhi were isolated from the blood and feces specimens (49,12)
respectively. Serological characterization of isolates showe

To investigate the impact of Enterococcus faecium as a probiotic in the
performance of layer male chicks and some aspects of immunity, Newcastle disease
antibodies and the blood picture, this bacteria was given in the feed of layer male
chicks with a dose rate of 1.5 g\kg of feed, each kg of feed contained (5×1011CFU)
along the experiment which last 57 days. 150 male chicks were divided into five
groups, the 1st group was given the probiotic in the feed, the 2nd group was given the
probiotic and was exposed to bad ventilation and high temperature as a stress, the
third group was given the probiotic and chlortetracycline in the feed, the fourth group
was given the probiotic and then infected with E. coli on day 21

The objective of this study was investigate the Physiological effect of
different concentrations of cadmium chloride in drinking water on some
biochemical and haematological parameters of male rats. Animals in this
experiment were randomly divided into four equal groups and treated for 15
weeks as follows : Rats in control group were offered ordinary tap water ,
while animal in M1 , M2 , and M3 were received 10 , 20 , 30 ppm Cdcl2 in
drinking water, respectively. The activity of Alanine aminotransferase
(ALP), Aspartate aminotrasferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in
serum were measured. Further mor, hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and
white blood cells count (WBCs) were detected. The result revealed that