The study was conducted to investigate and characteriz the time of uterine involution in local goats in Iraq by measuring the uterine diameter, uterine lumen (mm) and monitoring early post-partum ovarian activity as proved by Ultrasonography and progesterone assessment in local goats. 15 goats were submitted to examine from day 3 to 40 after kidding by Ultrasonography. Trans abdominal ultrasound approach was performed from day 3 to 5 after kidding and continued by trans rectal approach to follow up the uterine involution until day 40. Progesterone levels were measured starting from day of parturition, then a weekly measure until day 34 of post-partum period. Progesterone was assayed by Radio immune assay. The obt

     The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevelance of Toxoplasma gondii in camels and horses in Wasit province and to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in certain animals farm in Wasit province, also this study included the extent of the disease in camels and horses within two months starting from the January until February of 2015. A total of 184 samples were collected of them 92 horses and 92 camels. The results showed that the incidence of Toxoplasma gondii in horses was 18.4%, in camels 20.6% and the infection percentage of females were more than that males in both horses and camels 21.1 and 20.2%, respectively. Also the present results revealed that younger animals infe

     This study was designed to explain the anatomy and histology of kidneys and salt glands in Great Flamingos. Eight adult healthy Great Flamingos of both sexes have been used. The results showed that the kidneys in Great Flamingos consist of three separated lobes. The right kidney was longer 8.9±0.3 mm than the left kidney 8.4±0.4mm. The ratio of the kidneys weight to the total body weight was 0.39%. The salt gland was very large crescent shape, and occupied the supraorbital fossa and has 20.8±0.2mm long and 3.9±0.2mm in diameter. The volume of cortex was 60-70% and the medulla was 30-40%. Within the middle region of cortex there were numerous large corpuscles (mammalian type) and few of small corpuscles (repti

     This study aimed at evaluating the ameliorative effect of amygdalin and magnetic water on 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine induced toxic damage in tissues and oxidative stress in rat liver. Seven groups of ten rats each were selected for the study. Group I animals were treated as control. Group II rats received 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine (20 mg/kg body weight) injections subcutaneously once a week for 16 consecutive weeks and then kept without any treatment untill the end of the experimental period. Group III rats received amygdalin (20 mg/100 mg) daily via Oro-gastric tube. Groups IV rats were given magnetic water freely. Group V rats were given 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine + amygdalin. Group VI rat were given 1,2-dimethyl hydrazin

     This study is designed to investigate the effect of acrylamide on some metabolic syndrome parameters in adult male rats relative to fructose. Forty adult male rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (ten rat/group) and treated for 60 days as follows: Control: Rats in this group were received distilled water orally, groups T1 and T2: rats of these groups were given orally 0.5 and 1mg/kg B.W acrylamide respectively. Animals in the fourth (T3) group were given 40% fructose in drinking water. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture technique at different periods 0, 30 and 60 day of the experiment for measuring serum concentration of the following parameters related to metabolic syn

        The present study aimed at producing the ligninolytic enzymes extracts by growing single and co-cultures of an indigenous Aspergillus terreus SG-777 utilizing solid state fermentation (SSF) using lignocellulosic substrates. A further goal was to optimize the production condition of ligninolytic enzymes by selected fungal culture and lignocellulosic substrate. The production process was further improved by optimizing a number of physical parameters such as (substrate, incubation time, moisture level, inoculum size, pH, and temperature). By optimization of different parameters, the maximum specific activities of enzymes synthesized by Aspergillus terreus SG-777 were observed as 0

     The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hyaluronan as abdominal anti-adhesive. Sixteen healthy adult local breed dogs, aged between (1-2 years) and weighed (15-20) kg were used. They were divided into two equal groups. First group is considered as a control group (A), the second group is the hyaluronic acid group (B); both groups underwent celiotomy under the effect of general anesthesia (combination of ketamine-xylazine at the dose rate of 15mg /kg and 5mg/kg B.W, respectively). Three sero-muscular incisions were 3cm long created at anti-mesenteric border in the descending colon and sutured with simple continuous suture using4-0chromic cat gut, abdominal wall closed in routine manner, in contr

     The ovarian histomorphometric in adult normal and unilateral ovariectomized Iraqi black goats (Age 7 months) was studied to evaluate the effect of laparoscopic unilateral ovariectomy of young goat  (age 2-3 months) on other remaining ovary histologically. Ten young female Iraqi black goats were used in the study. The goats were divided randomly into two equal groups; young goats were left normal (group A) and young goats underwent to right laparoscopic unilateral ovariectomy (group B). All animals in both groups were left to reach adult stage at 7 months age, in which they underwent to removal their ovaries laparoscopically by using the harmonic scalpel. Operations were performed under general anesthesia by

        Datura innoxia was tested as a proposed formula at concentration of 3% that evaluated in-vivo by using 12 rabbits divided equally into 3 groups (plant extract ointment, Tetracycline ointment, Vaseline vehicle). By inducing four abraded skin wound on the back of each group of rabbits by using three special scalpel device, two of the wounds were infected artificially with 250×10⁸ cfu pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus while other two wounds were not infected. Two abraded wounds were treated topically once daily and for two weeks with 3% D.innoxia ointment or 3% tetracycline ointment and one abraded wound was left not treated and the other one was applied with V

     The study aimed at describing the histomorphological and histochemical structures of the stomach wall in domestic pigeon. Twelve healthy birds were collected from local suppliers at Baghdad province. Birds were divided into three equal groups for gross, histological and histochemical approaches. All birds were euthanized and their abdomens were dissected, then their stomachs were identified and photographed in situ. Specimens from stomach were fixed as well and then processed for histological and histochemical staining techniques using Hematoxylin-eosin, Masson Trichrome, Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and PAS -Alcian blue (AB) (pH 2.5). Grossly the stomach of the pigeon consisted of two distinguishable chambers, tha

     This study is conducted to detect lumpy skin disease virus in Babylon, Al-Qadysia and Al-Muthana governorate during autumn 2014 using conventional polymerase chain reaction. A total of 150 specimens: 50 whole blood samples, 50 skin nodular biopsies and 50 tick samples were collected from infected animals of different breeds, genders and ages during lumpy skin disease outbreak. The results revealed that 104 cases (69.33%) were positive for lumpy skin disease virus by using polymerase chain reaction, with significant (P<0.05) differences between positive and negative cases. Out of 50 blood samples, 22 cases (44%) were positive for lumpy skin disease virus. The nodular skin samples collected from slaughtered anim

     This study was designed to isolate of Enterohaemoragic E.coli O157:H7 from feces and urine in cattle. 175 samples (80 fecal and 95 urine) were collected to isolate EHEC O157:H7 during the period from March to June 2014 from Al- Hindia slaughter house from local breeding cattle, aged between 1-2 years and over 2 years, and the samples were subjected to culture on specific media Cefixime Tellurit- Sorbitol MacConkey agar at 37 ˚C for 18-24 hrs. then the isolates were identified by biochemical tests (Indol test, Potassium cyanid test) and seriologically by Latex Kit test. The results showed that 73(91.25%) out of 80 fecal samples and 39(41%) out of 95 urine samples were E.coli O157:H7 positive, th

     This study is planned to evaluate the efficacy of two biological matrices represented by autologous platelet rich fibrin matrix, as well as a cross linked decellularized caprine pericardial extracellular matrix on enhancing healing of the experimentally severed superficial digital flexor tendon in a goat model. It was carried out on 48 adult apparently healthy bucks, which were divided randomly into three equal groups. Under the effect of sedative and local ring block anesthesia, superficial digital flexor tendon was severed at the mid metacarpal region of the right forelimb. In the first control group, tenorrhaphy was performed and left without additives. While in the second group the tenorrhaphy site was wrappe

     This study is designed to investigate the effect of temperature on thyroid gland of 24 adult healthy female carp fish (12/ season). Neutral buffered formalin solution10% was used for fixation and routine histological techniques. Hemotoxline and Eosine and PAS stains were, also used. The results revealed that the thyroid tissue in carp fish was closely associated with the renal and sub pharyngeal tissue. Spleen and liver did not show any thyroid follicles. The thyroid tissue of carp fish consisted of disseminate thyroid follicles not surrounded by apparent capsule. Different sizes and shapes of thyroid follicles were observed. The follicular cells form tight epithelium. Para follicular cells were distributed among

This study is designed to determin the protective role of pomegranate seed oil against deleterious effect induced by sodium fluoride on serum proteins in rats. Forty (40) adult female rats were randomly divided into four equal group (10/group) and treated daily for 40 days as following: Group C administered distilled water (control), group T1 received sodium fluoride 120 ppm/liter in drinking water, group T2 received both sodium fluoride 120 ppm/liter in drinking water and Pometone 30 mg/kg B.w. orally and group T3 administered Pometone 30 mg/kg B.w. orally. Fasting blood samples were collected at 0, 20 and 40 days of the experimental periods and serum samples were aliquoted for estimation serum total protein, albumin and globulin concen

This study is designed to assess the effectiveness of bovine urinary bladder submucosa on healing of cutaneous wound in Iraqi goats. A 32 (2X2) cm of full-thickness cutaneous wounds were induced in eight goats, two on each side of the lateral thoracic region. The wounds were divided into two equal groups (16 wounds/ group); treatment group included the wounds on the right side which were treated by covering the wound beds with strips of acellular sterilized bovine urinary bladder matrix. While, the wounds on the left side were left without any treatment (control group). The results were evaluated clinically (along) and histopathologically on 7, 14, 21, and 35 days post-inducing of wounds. The clinical evaluation of treated wounds showed

Out of 77 of local meriz goats (Capra ibex), 29 (37.67%) were diagnosed as infected with coccidia. The infection percentage was 22.08% in kids less than six months of age as compared with older age (15.59%). A moderate diarrhea was the only clinical sign which was observed in three infected kids (3.9%). Six Eimeria (E.) species were diagnosed, they were E.alijevi, E.christenseni, E.caprovina, E.minasensis, E.megaembryonica, E.ninakohlyakimovae. E.megaembryonica was suggested to be a new species as it has a bigger embryonic mass which could be depended as a new parameter for coccidia classification. The germinal disk with two layers was very clear and observed in pr

     The present study was carried out to investigate the ameliorative effect of melatonin on pancreatic and adrenal dysfunction induced by alloxan in adult female rabbits. Twenty four adult female rabbits were randomly divided into four equal groups treated for 42 days as follows: control group received 2 ml of distal water intraperitoneally, animals of the second group received single dose of 150 mg /kg of alloxan (group T1), while the third group received single dose of 150 mg/kg of alloxan and after 7 days received 10mg/kg I/P of melatonin for 42 days of experiment (T2 group). The fourth group received 10 mg/kg I/P of melatonin for 42 days .After the 7 days of alloxan injection the blood is collec

      During the period between January till December 2012, a total of 119 fish samples were collected and examined from Tigris River between Al-Jadiriya Bridge and Al-Zaafaraniya region in two stations, the first station was located under Al-Jadiriya bridge and the second station was located at Al-Zaafaraniya region before Diayla river in order to know the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons in the tissues of the examined fishes. Fish samples belonged to (16) species (Acanthobrama marmid, Albernus caeruleus, Aspius vorax, Barbua belayewi, B. grypus, B. xanthopterus, Carassius carassius, Carasobarbus luteus, Cyprinion macrostomum,

     Eleven adult local rabbits (6 female and 5male) were used for this study. The mandible were prepared to study the gross anatomical features. The main gross characteristics feature of the local rabbits mandible the ramus forms a broad, thin and flat plate, the surface of the ramus is greatly increased in its posteroventral portion to form the angle or angular process. The articular surface is elongated and carry on its caudodorsal end a slightly oblique condyloid process, this process in rabbit is raised much above the planes of the molar table and has a prolonged aspect in a longitudinal plan. In front of the shallow mandibular notch, the coronoid process is short and blunt process situated in front of mandibular

    The present study was conducted in order to focus on the effect of the addition of Carnitine and Niacin on some blood serum parameters of Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio. 48 fish carp mean weight 44.13 gm were distributed randomly on four feeding treatments (12 fish each) with replicates (6 fish each) in 8 glass aquaria. Treatments were as follows: fish were fed on basic diet without any addition and conducted as control (T1); addition of 200 mg Carnitine/ Kg diet, (T2) addition of 28 mg Niacin/Kg diet (T3), addition of a mixture of 200 mg Carnitine and 28 mg Niacin/ Kg diet as (T4). The experiment was conducted for 70 days and the results showed an increase in the Cholesterol concentration of T1 (187.6 mg/ 100 ml

    The aim of this study was to measure the selenium level in the stray cats of both sexes. Blood samples were collected from forty four male and female stray cats from different places in Baghdad city for the estimation of selenium level. The results showed that the lowest value was 1.646 μmol/L (0.13 μg/ml (ppm)) and the highest value was 3.798 μmol/L (0.3 μg/ml (ppm)) with a mean value ± Standard Error of 2.526 μmol/L ± 0.091 (0.1995 μg/ml (ppm)± 0.007). The range in males and females was 1.646 -  3.798 μmol/L (0.13 - 0.3 μg/ml (ppm)) and 2.405 -  3.798 μmol/L (0.19 - 0.3 μg/ml (ppm)), respectively with a mean 2.45 μmol/L ± 0.108 (0.194 μg/ml (ppm)± 0.009) and 2.785 μmol/L ± 0.137 (0.22 μg

     This study was carried out to examine the effect of Fructooligosaccharide as a source of prebiotic, and commercial dry yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as a source of probiotic and their combination in different level as a source of synbiotic. The experiment was conducted in the fish laboratory of Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of Sulaimani University. The trials lasted for three months after 21 days of adapting period 120 common carp fingerlings with an average weight of 20 ±2 gm, were used  to test the effect of different levels of the Fructooligosaccharide, yeast and their combination. In T1 fish were fed a diet with 2.5 gm/kg Fructooligosaccharide, in T2

      The aim of this study is to determine the sensitivity of bacterial culture technique in the detection of Brucella abortus in milk samples of aborted cows. Sixty samples of milk were collected from aborted cows during a period which did not exceed two months after the abortion. All of them were positive for rose bengal test. Results showed that Brucella abortus was isolated from 7 out of 60 (11.6%) from the milk of aborted cows, while PCR test showed that 32 out of 60 (53.3%) milk sample contained Brucella abortus. The specificity of culture techniques was 10%, but its sensitivity was only 21.8%. Beside the cautions in dealing with live Brucella abortus (as culture), it is

The aim of this study is to identify the gastrointestinal parasites and Protozoa in stray dogs.  The current study includes seven genera of intestinal helminths and protozoa as follows: one cestode (Taenia sp. 29.1%), four nematodes (Hookworm 86.6%, Toxocara canis 67.5%, Trichuris vulpis 51.6% and Strongyloides sp. 5%) and two protozoa (Giardia sp. 24.1% and Cryptosporidium sp. 20.8%) from 120 fecal samples of dogs were collected from different regions of Baghdad during the period from February to July 2014. The results revealed that the intestinal parasites appeared in all months of the study; however, the high infection rate was during the winter months.

     This study was designed to investigate the effects of the addition of different ratios of sunflower oil to the diet of Awasi ewes on the rumen fermentation and milk composition. It was conducted by using 12 Awassi ewes (2-3.5 years old) with average body weight 56.62 kg. The ewes were randomly divided into three groups. Each group had four ewes according to the age, body weight and milk yield. The ewe in each group received 1.4 kg/ dry matter for three rations consisting of barley, wheat bran, soybean meal and alfalfa hay. The first group was fed on control ration, while 2.5 and 5 % of sunflower oil were included in the rations of the second and third groups, respectively. The results showed that the treatments h

     This study aimed to investigate the effects of injection hatching eggs with different doses of vitamin E on productive traits, some physiological and immune response to Newcastle disease vaccine. Two hundred fertile eggs of broiler breeder Ross (308) strain were incubated in automatic incubator machine after divided into four treatments (50 eggs per treatment) with two replicates. First treatment was injected 0.1ml/egg of phosphate buffer sterile into amniotic fluid at day 18^th of incubation which it was considered as control group, second treatment was injected with 0.1ml/egg of inactivated Newcastle disease vaccine, third treatment was injected with 0.1ml/egg of inactivated Newcastle disease vaccine

     Fifty seven out of ninety bovine milk samples were collected from different areas inside and nearby Baghdad which were positive for Bacillus cereus. The isolates were checked on chromogenic Bacillus cereus agar which was specific for detection of B. cereus colonies. The colony appearance, gram stain, spore stain and oxidase lipase monitol catalase tests were carried out to identify this bacterium. Bacteriocin extracted from Lactobacillus acidophilus was used as a tool to control the growth of undesirable B. cereus growth as spoilage and pathogenic bacteria as well as to keep the food more acceptable and safe to consumer. The results of this study showed that bacterioci

     The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of force 6 poultry (conc.) in Log. of infectious bursal disease Virus on tissue culture and Virus, on Virus alone  and   on tissue culture alone. Different concentrations (0.5, 12.5, 25 and 50 µg/ml) were used to consider the anti-viral activity. The result showed effect of force 6^® poultry (conc.) in Log. of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus. On tissue culture and Virus, the results revealed higher value with more significant (P˂0.05) differences at concentration (0.5 µg/ml) than other concentrations and control; On Virus alone, it showed more significant (P˂0.05) differences at concentration (0.5 µg/ml) than concentration (50 µg/

     The aim of this study was to evaluate the cellular immune responses of salt-Extractable Brucella abortus S19 antigens with immunoadjuvant soluble βeta-glucan in BALB/C mice later challenged with B. abortus virulent strain. The 0.72mg/ml of SEBA was used according to the results obtained from experiment to determine the macrophages Nitric oxide production and delayed type hypersensitivity test. One hundred BALB/C mice were divided into four groups. G1 were injected i.p with 0.2 ml of saline, G2 were vaccinated S.C with 0.1ml (10⁸ CFU/mouse) of B. abortus S19, G3 were vaccinated i.p. with 0.2 ml of salt-Extractable Brucella abortus S19 antigens and G4 were vaccinated