This investigation was carried out to utilize common vetch Vicia sativa in formulating diets for 84 common carp Cyprinus carpio L. with initial weight 28±2g/fish were distributed randomly over seven experimental diets with three replications for each. The fish fed experimental diets for 56 days contained 30% and 45% of common vetch Vicia sativa of total diets which treated with germinated for 5 days (diet 2 and 3), 7 days (diet 4 and 5) and  the last diets contained crude vetch (diet 6 and 7). The statistical analysis of data showed that the fish fed at diet 3 was significantly different (P≤0.05) compared to fish fed at another diets in total weight, total weight gain, relative growth ra

The current study was established to find out the role of immunization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-whole sonicated antigen in adult white fur domestic rabbits. To achieve this goal, fifteen rabbits were allocated into 3 groups, the first group was immunized with P. aeruginosa–whole sonicated antigen and challenged with viable pathogenic P. aeruginosa; the second group (control negative) was treated with phosphate buffer saline and the third group was injected with viable pathogenic P. aeruginosa (control positive). The results demonstrated increasing levels of the measured parameters blood picture (total WBCs, lymphocytes, and granulocytes, RBCs and hemoglobin concentrations) in the first group compared with

The purpose of this study was to describe some anatomical and radiological features of the non-lactating udder of adult local Iraqi cow. Eight udder of local breed cow clinically appeared healthy and aged between 2-5 years were obtained from a local slaughterhouse located at Baghdad province. Five udders were used for anatomical study and the rest 3 udders were used for the radiological study. The study primed to describe the macroscopic anatomy of the udder and investigate the udder’s normal blood supply using red-colored latex. The mammography method was to describe the duct system of the glandular tissue of the mammary gland which was performed using the iodine compound and barium sulphate as contrast me

Eimeria is an apicomplex protozoon which affects many species of birds, domestic and wild animals including deer. This is the first study in Iraq that was designed for diagnosis Eimeria spp. in deer using traditional methods. Eighty fecal samples of Fallow deer (Damadama) were collected in different provinces in the middle part of Iraq during December 2018 to the end of September 2019. Samples were examined by direct smear and flotation with Sheather's solution. The total infection rate with Eimeria spp. was 70% (56/80), in which higher infection rate was observed in female deer (78%, 39/50). The results also showed that Fawn at age<3-11 months recorded higher rate of infection (86.3%, 19/22). Eimeria infe

Trypanosomiasis is one of the common parasitic diseases, which infects the dromedary camels and decreases the numbers of these animals in Iraq. To get the best knowledge of the changes of iron status in camels infected with trypanosomiasis, in an attempt to take advantage of these variables as markers for infection, we designed this study. The current study conducted in blood sample collection from155 dromedary camels, 33 were infected (21.29%), according to the status of infection with Trypanosoma evansi that depends on blood smear examination as a golden test. Results denote significant differences of infection ratio by sex and age, from total of 132 male tested, 29 (21.96%) infected, distributed into 12 (%

Coronavirus (COVID-19) is suspected to originate from an animal host (zoonotic) followed by a human to human transmission, The purpose of the present study is to determine the genetic affinity of a phylogenetic tree and conformation of protein between human and bat. Through study of genetic sequencing, as shown in the tree design of strains and genetic variants, the main cause of COVID-19 is the Bat Coronavirus RaTG13 (SARS) virus in ID: MN996532.1 and ID: MG772933.1 (24-Jul-2013 and Feb-2017) shows that the evolution of the Corona virus from 2003, 2013 to 2020 which has become the most deadly peak in humans, the virus evolved from the bat effect on Humans. Protein analysis show 98 change of amino acid form RaTG13 (SARS) virus to COVID-1

Water intoxication is a fatal disorder associated with disturbance in brain function, known as hypo-osmolar syndrome which resulting from an excessive water intake, with dilutional hypernatremia leads to a potentially fatal outcome. A change in the electrolyte equilibrium such as this sudden drop in serum sodium level and then subsequent mortality. With hyponatremia, the plasma osmolality decreased leading to water movement into the brain according to the osmotic gradient, resulting in hyponatremic encephalopathy and cerebral oedema. Increased water intake such as in Psychogenic polydipsia is followed by urination of high amount of diluted urine (polyuria) which are the main initial symptoms of water intoxication with headache, blurred v

Brown truffle (Terfezia claveryi) is a wild fungi species collected and consumed by humans in Iraq, especially during the raining season, from February to April. However, the toxicological effects of this fungus have not been studied in humans. This study tested the subacute toxicity of brown truffle’s methanolic extract on a rat model. Daily oral doses of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg were administered to adult Sprague-Dawley rat groups of both sexes for 14 days. There were no behavioral changes, no alterations in body weight, organ weight, and body weight gain (p>0.05) in the treated rats, compared to the untreated control group. The hematological and serum biochemical parameters did not show significant (p>0.05) differences from the

In recent years, fluorosis caused many problems in humans and animals bodies. Dental fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis, bone fractures, decreased birth rates, adverse effects on the male genital system, like damaging the structure of testes and epididymis and loosing fertilization ability can be considered as good examples of fluorosis. Thus, the current study aimed to determine the toxicity of sodium fluoride (NaF) on the activity of sperm and the level of sex hormones including testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. For achieving this purpose, thirty adult albino male rats, aged between 90-100 days, were divided randomly into two treated groups with 10 rats for each group which were treated with 150, 300 ppm o

The current study was carried out to investigate the immunological and hematological changes due to local transplantation of human umbilical cord-mesenchymal-stem cells (HUC-MSCs) and scaffold-stem cells (SSCs) into the injured radial nerve. Therefore, three equal groups of dogs were subjected to this study; experimental (EG), positive control (PCG) and negative control (NCG). At 1st week, dogs of EG were showed an obvious mobility dysfunction. At 2nd and 4th weeks, there were apparent improvements reported on general and physical activities as well as functional ability of forelimb with the presence of slight lameness that was cured completely at 5th week. Regarding to immunobiomarkers, insignificant differences were showed at 1st week.

The aim of this study was to reveal the blood supply of the intestinal tract in male adult turkey. Five healthy birds were collected from local suppliers at Baaqoba province. All birds were euthanized and their coelomic cavity was dissected. The descending aorta was cannulated and injected with colored latex, and then the course of arteries along the intestinal tract investigated. Small intestine received the blood by celiac artery, cranial and caudal mesenteric artery. Celiac was split into two branches right and left, the right branch of celiac artery supplied the proventriculus, gizzard, duodenum, pancreas, jejunum and distal part of ileum and cecum while left branch supply the stomach. The crania mesenter

This study aims to apply a new procedure in preparation of anthraxin from
cell wall extracts of a virulent Bacillus anthracis strain 34F2 (Sterne)
.Anthraxin was evaluated for potential use as skin testing agent to measure
cell-mediated immunity. Guinea pigs were immunized and boosted
subcutaneously with Sterne live veterinary anthrax vaccine. Two weeks after
the booster dose, animals were skin tested with the antigen which recorded
15.6mm as a mean of erythema and 2.5 mm difference of thickness as
compared to the control. Histological changes corresponded with the delayed
type of hypersensitivity (DTH) in which the changes involved
infiltration of inflammatory cells particularly macrophages, neutrophiles and

Isolation &identification of Newcastle disease virus from wild pigeons
inhabiting University of Baghdad (Al-Khwarizmi College of engineering)
where velogenic and devastating infection of birds was encountered. Chicken
embryos fibroblasts (CEF) were used for virus isolation (from infected
spleen and lungs) and propagation. Viral cytopathogenic effect was noticed
on infected (CEF) cell culture within (24) hr post inoculation. The virus was
identified by heamagglutination inhibition (HI) test using reference anti
NDV serum.

The aim of this study was to induction of estrous synchronization and
supper ovulation by using intravaginal sponges and injection of different time
and dose of eCG and count the number of corpora lutea and nonovulated
vesicles by using 5MHz ultrasonography in local Awassi ewes
This study were included forty Awassi ewes aged about (3-5) years and 5
rams of same breeds. These ewes allotted randomly into five groups (8 ewes for
each group). Ewes of the first four groups were treated with progesterone
hormone by using intra vaginal sponges. Saturated with 40 mg of flourogeston
Acetate (FGA) for 14 days, while the fifth group was used as a control not
treated with any hormone. Ewes of group 1 and 2 were injected wi

Liver biopsies were taken from (89) cattle slaughtered at modern Baghdad abattoir. Macroscopic examination of livers showed that (28.11%) of cases were infected with chronic fascioliasis, while (1.12%) of livers showed acute fascioliasis and (2.24%) of livers showed chronic fascioliasis with hydatidosis. Hydatid cysts were present in (6.74%) of inspected livers, telangiectasis of the livers found in (3.37%) of cases, focal hepatic necrosis (Saw dust) was observed in (19.1%), liver abscesses constituted (1.12%) and (38.2%) of livers had no significant gross lesions. The diagnosis of liver diseases in cattle using liver biopsy technique was more successful when the lesion was extensively diffuse in the liver.

A study on the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of horses in Baghdad area extending over a period of one year , revealed two small peaks in worm egg counts , one in spring and the other in autumn and treatment routines should be based on this information. During the hot and dry summer months of Iraq, helminth infection was at low level.

Faecal culture for larvae and their identification indicated the predominance of small red worm infection in the horses.

Through a full calander year a total of 2220 (1089 male and 1131 female)

Birth weight, of 166 Sharabi offspring of 19 sires were analyzed, using a mixed model

Ketamine Hcl 15mg/kg B.W. and xylazine 5 mg/kg B.W. have been found

Globule leucocytes and Mast cells were detected in the epithelial mucosa of the biliary system of 

This study was conducted by evaluate some haematological and biochemical changes caused by F. gigantica. The haematological and

Halothane effect on the liver of rabbits have been studied. Rabbits were aneasthetized with halothane for 15,

This study was conducted at the turkey farm of the College of Agriculture, Salahaddin University

     Current investigation was carried out to explore structural developmental changes of the acculus rotundus in indigenous rabbits at different postnatal ages. To conduct that, morphological, histological and morphometrical approaches were employed on 24 rabbits at ages one, ten, fifteen and forty days. The findings indicated that in one day kits, the Sacculus rotundus cannot recognized with the naked eye but in the next advanced ages it appeared as expanded pear-like structure situated at the end of ileum. It opened into the 2^nd gyrus at the base of cecum by saccorotundocecal orifice. Because it extends for 1-2 millimeters inside the lumen of the cecum, an annular ridge formed encircles the site of this

     The present study was carried out to focus light on the possible improvement and enhancement of functional performance of male mice sexual activities by using the aqueous extract of Crocus sativus. Several  pharmaceutical drugs affect sexual activities and upset the sexual desire sequence that can lead to impotence or loss libido, example of these drugs are tricyclic antidepressant such as imipramine. To achieve this goal, twenty adult albino male mice were used, which were randomly divided into equal four experimental groups. The first group was given 10 mg/kg B.W. imipramine, the second group was given 100 mg/kg B.W. aqueous extract of Crocus sativus, and the third group was give

     This study was designed to determine the effect of ketorolac on some hematological parameters post cavitation surgery in domestic rabbits. Ninety-six adult domestic local breed male rabbits were used in this study, weighing (1.23 ± 0.33) kg. They were divided randomly into two groups in the first one (n= 48/group) which represented control group, while the second one (n=48/group) represented the treated group (Ketorolac group). All rabbits in both groups undergoes surgical operation (bone cavitation in femur bone) under general anesthesia. In the Ketorolac group, animals were treated by using 30 mg/kg of Ketorolac directly post-operation and continued daily for 5 days, while in Control group no

The aim of this study was prepared new formulation of trimethoprim injectable
solution in the Physiology and pharmacology department /College ofVeterinary
Medicine, University of Baghdad.Trimethoprim injection formulation is antibacterial and
used against a number of bacteria, protozoa and Rickettsia. Data was collected about the
materials used in the preparation of the formula from the well-known pharmacopeia,
including the specification, physical and chemical properties of active ingredient, the
additive and preservative that must be used. Three pilot formulae were prepared from
analar chemical ingredient from which one formula was chosen and tested to approve its
quantitative and qualitative specification. Quan

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of platelet rich plasma and low level laser therapy (diode laser) on the healing of proximal sesamoid bone fracture. Eighteen healthy adult donkeys were divided into three equal groups: First group was used as control group, second group was treated by platelet rich plasma and the third group treated by diode laser. Also each group was divided to two equal subgroups according to period of postoperative macroscopical, histopathological examination: (one and three months post operation). All animals were exposed experimentally to transverse mid body fracture of lateral proximal sesamoid bone, in control group the bone fixed internally by screw and followed by external fixation with Pl

     The aim of the study was found variation of melatonin receptor gene by sequence analysis, investigation in association between MTNR1A polymorphisms with any variation in allele’s frequency of the mutations C606T and G612A of the MTNR1A gene in the Iraqi local sheep lambing out of season. Blood samples were randomly collected from 60 ewes from Agriculture Research-Ruminant Researches Station Breeding Station, Baghdad. Genomic DNA was isolated using a Geneius TM Micro gDNA Extraction Kit. A large fragment of exon 2 of MTNR1A gene was amplified by PCR using specific primer pairs. The PCR product was sequencing 20 samples of MTNR1A gene was performed by National Instrumentation C

     The current study was carried out at the college of veterinary medicine, University of Baghdad, for three months. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different thawing method of frozen minced red meat to reduce its bacterial load. Four thawing methods were used where the tap water at 18 °C for two hours was used in the first method, while the hot water at 40 °C for 1.5 hours was used in the second method and in the third method the frozen minced meat samples were left at room temperature (28 °C) for two hours, where as in the fourth method the frozen meat samples were stored inside the refrigerator at 4 °C for 20 hours. Data revealed that there were  significant differences (P&