This study was conducted for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using olive leaves aqueous extract and evaluate its antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro. The synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by Ultra Violet Visible – spectrophotometer and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Well diffusion method was used to show the antibacterial action of silver nanoparticles against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro in comparison with standard antibacterial silver sulfadiazine by using different concentrations of each agent ranged from 12.5-200 μg/ml. The results of this study showed it possible to produce silver nanoparticles in eco-frien

     The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of Eruca sativa seeds against changes of pituitary and testes in cadmium treated rats. Forty adult male albino rats were used and divided into 4 equal groups and treated for 8 weeks as follow: The first group was given distilled water and used as a control group. The second group (G1) was administered tap water containing 30 ppm/ L of cadmium chloride. Animals in third group (G2) received tap water containing Cadmium chloride as in G1 plus 250 mg/Kg B.W ethanolic extract of Eruca sativa seeds, while rats in fourth group (G3) administered 250 mg/Kg B.W of ethanolic extract of Eruca sativa seeds only. After 8 weeks of

     Three hundred samples of stool were collected from children, who are suffering from diarrhea, during the period from October to December 2016 at Fatima Al Zahra and Shaheed al-Sadr hospitals. All bacterial isolates have been submitted to the cultural, microscopical, biochemical examinations, and Vitek 2 system identification to identify Aeromonas isolates. All the isolates under study were tested for their ability to the production of certain factors associated with virulence. It has been concluded that 12 (4%) of collected samples were positive to Aeromonas Spp. The virulence factors of Aeromonas spp. were detected and showed that all the isolates have the ability to produce haemolysin

Attenuated 3rd stage larvae of Dictyocaulus filaria, by continuos em

The aim of this study was to induction of estrous synchronization and
supper ovulation by using intravaginal sponges and injection of different time
and dose of eCG and count the number of corpora lutea and nonovulated
vesicles by using 5MHz ultrasonography in local Awassi ewes
This study were included forty Awassi ewes aged about (3-5) years and 5
rams of same breeds. These ewes allotted randomly into five groups (8 ewes for
each group). Ewes of the first four groups were treated with progesterone
hormone by using intra vaginal sponges. Saturated with 40 mg of flourogeston
Acetate (FGA) for 14 days, while the fifth group was used as a control not
treated with any hormone. Ewes of group 1 and 2 were injected wi

This study aims to apply a new procedure in preparation of anthraxin from
cell wall extracts of a virulent Bacillus anthracis strain 34F2 (Sterne)
.Anthraxin was evaluated for potential use as skin testing agent to measure
cell-mediated immunity. Guinea pigs were immunized and boosted
subcutaneously with Sterne live veterinary anthrax vaccine. Two weeks after
the booster dose, animals were skin tested with the antigen which recorded
15.6mm as a mean of erythema and 2.5 mm difference of thickness as
compared to the control. Histological changes corresponded with the delayed
type of hypersensitivity (DTH) in which the changes involved
infiltration of inflammatory cells particularly macrophages, neutrophiles and

Isolation &identification of Newcastle disease virus from wild pigeons
inhabiting University of Baghdad (Al-Khwarizmi College of engineering)
where velogenic and devastating infection of birds was encountered. Chicken
embryos fibroblasts (CEF) were used for virus isolation (from infected
spleen and lungs) and propagation. Viral cytopathogenic effect was noticed
on infected (CEF) cell culture within (24) hr post inoculation. The virus was
identified by heamagglutination inhibition (HI) test using reference anti
NDV serum.

This study was carried out to evaluate seven types of herbs being: black pepper seeds (Piper nigrum), celery seeds (Apium graveolens), cubeb seeds (Piper cubeba), camphor seeds (Cinnamomuum camphora), myrrh (Commiphora mol mol), fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum- graecum) and seeds of Lepidium sativum. The antibacterial activity of alcoholic extracts of these plants was performed on gram- positive and gram- negative bacteria isolated from human respiratory tract infections including : S. aureus ,S. pneumoniae, M. antarcticus, Corynebacterium spp. and coagulase- negative Staphylococci (CNS). Gram –negative bacteria included: K. oxytoca, K. pneumoniae and N. meningitidis, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. We studied the bacterial sensitivity t

     The study aimed at describing the histomorphological and histochemical structures of the stomach wall in domestic pigeon. Twelve healthy birds were collected from local suppliers at Baghdad province. Birds were divided into three equal groups for gross, histological and histochemical approaches. All birds were euthanized and their abdomens were dissected, then their stomachs were identified and photographed in situ. Specimens from stomach were fixed as well and then processed for histological and histochemical staining techniques using Hematoxylin-eosin, Masson Trichrome, Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and PAS -Alcian blue (AB) (pH 2.5). Grossly the stomach of the pigeon consisted of two distinguishable chambers, tha

Fifty locally laying hen’s eggs random samples were collected from different markets of Baghdad city in order to investigate the presence of Salmonellae Spp. in shell of those eggs. The samples were collected during the period from March 2012 to May 2012.The samples were directly transferred to the Food hygiene laboratory and analyzed immediately without further storage.The isolation and identification methods include: (pre-enrichment) culture stage by peptone water then, (Selective enrichment) culture stage by selenite broth after that culturing on sold (Selective media) which was Bismuth Sulphate agar. The biotyping by using API strip according to the API 20E miniaturized identification system for Salmonella SPP.. The isolated Salmon

      This research aimed at studying the effect of different concentration of hydroalcoholic leaves extract of Datura stramonium concentration against pathogenic Candida albicans isolated from clinical cases of diarrhea in cows and dogs in Baghdad province. Hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Datura stramonium were prepared in different concentrations for In vitro and In vivo study against Candida albicans. In vitro test includes the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.12 and 1.75mg/1ml), and it was found that the minimum inhibitory concentration was 3.12 mg/1ml. Whereas the in vivo test was performed for the determination of sensitivity test of Candida al

     The aim of the study is to compare the histological changes that occur in the sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglion at L6 and L7 levels of the spinal nerve in different age groups in rabbits. Fifteen rabbits were divided into three groups of equal number according to their age (weaning, maturation and adult). Dorsal root ganglion of spinal nerve at L6 and L7 levels were removed and examined histologically under light microscope. Comparison were made in diameters of neurons and their numbers in different age. The results showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the number of sensory neurons and a significant (P<0.05) increase in their diameters with advancing age. In conclusion, the structures of sensory

     Effect of different concentrations of Nisin, Potassium sorbate and Sodium chloride on the keeping quality of the locally produced soft cheese samples against the Staphylococcus aureus viability was conducted during November 2015/ May 2016. Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from 20(73.33%)out of 30 bovine and ovine locally produced soft cheese samples and their identification were confirmed based on the morphological, rapid biochemical reactions and serological properties. Staphylococcus aureus isolates that obtained by plating on the Chromogenic agar were further tested serologically. The highest significant (P<0.05) prevalence levels of Staph aureus were found in the cow'

From Ministry of Health records from 1989-1995, Giardiasis in human being was recorded betw

This experiment were conducted to compare the effect of aqueous leaves extract of Melia azedarach and Anastatica hierochuntic with the antibiotic (Enrofloxaccin) for 49 days, 270 chicks one day old (Ross 308) were randomly distributed into 6 treatments with 3 replicates per treatment and 15 chicks per replicate (45 chicks/treatment). The first treatment were the control, antibiotic (enrofloxaccin) were used in the second treatment at rate of 0.5 ml per liter of tap water, in the 3rd and 4th treatment the aqueous leaves extract of Anastatica hierochuntic were used at rate of 10 and 15 mg/L respectively, and in the 5th and 6th treatment the aqueous leaves extract of Melia azedarach were used at rate of 10 and 15 mg / ml resp. At the end of

Three end-to-end intestinal anastomosis techniques have been compared in twenty horses, divided

Thirty-six local dose have been used and were divided in to three groups sacording to weight, in each group twelve dose

The eyes of 50 fishes (Mystus pelusius) were located in protective

Bacteriological and histopathological investigations were conducted on ovine and caprine aborted foeti, ten each,

     The study was conducted to indicate the contamination of the local produced broilers carcasses by Escherichia coli O157:H7, and its effects on public health. Sixty samples of local produced Broilers were collected randomly from five different areas in Baquba center of Diyala governorate, (Iraq). Thirty samples to each were collected in summer, from the beginning of July to end of August, and in winter season from the beginning of December to end of January to investigate their microbial load. All summer samples had significantly (P<0.05) higher microbial count of Coli-form Bacteria, Escherichia coli and E.coli O157:H7 than winter samples, but there were no significant differ

The antimicrobial activity of Lactobacilli has been widely exploited for prevention of
food –borne pathogens e.g.: Escherichia coli being the major cause of diarrhea especially in
children, because of bacteriocin activity and the importance of herbal drugs, hence this study
was designed to evaluate the synergistic effect of plant extract and bacteriocin produced by
Lactobacillus on the growth and pathogenesis of Enteropathogenic Ecoli.
1. The Plantaricin production was induced by adding the mutagenic agent Mitomycin C.
2. Purification of Plantaricin was made by heating crude plantaricin at 80ºC for 10min and
then purified by two steps method including extraction with n-butanol followed by gel
filtration chromat

The present study was carried out to investigate the antibacterial activity of alcoholic
extracts of Plantago lanceolata leafes in vitro and in vivo by inducing urinary tract infection in
rats which caused by urethra administration of S.saprophyticus isolated from human and
animals(cow and sheep)
These extracts showed significant effect (P<0.05) on the inhibition of the growth of
S.saprophyticus in vitro with the superiority of the concentration 200mg / ml of alcoholic
extract with the mean of inhibition zone diameter 30 mm against S.saprophyticus ,while zone
diameter was ( 26.5 ,21 ) mm due to the concentration 150, 100mg/ml respectively.
This study included the therapeutic role of doses 150 mg/kg . B.W. of 1.

     The study includes six adult healthy hen turkey. The cloaca has three compartments separated by two circular folds and next to rectum is the coprodeum which the largest and measured (2.5±0.2cm) in length and (2.1±0.1cm) in diameter. The middle and smallest is the urodeum that measured about (1.01±0.2cm) in length and (1.2±1cm.) in diameter, that receives the ureter and left oviduct. Posteriorly, the proctodeum that measured about (1.4±0.1cm) in length and (1.6±1cm.) in diameter. The coprodeum mucosa has short and flat villi. The urodeum mucosa has tall branching pyramidal mucosal villi. The mucosa of proctodeum has lost the villi pattern. The three compartments were lined with mucous secreting columnar cell

    This review was made to explore the recent multiple studies on enzootic bovine leukosis, focusing on its prevalence, economic impact, the link with public health and the possibility to cause cancer in humans. The causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis is a virus closely related to human T- cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1). The closeness between the two viruses helps the progress of cancer research in diagnosis and treatment, also the development of a vaccine in both human and veterinary medicine .The enzootic bovine leukosis is widely spread in the continents. The economic loses of enzootic bovine leukosis is related to the lowered productivity of effected cattle, morbidity, mortality and cost of control and eradicati

The study included 82 clinical mastitic cows (328 quarters) in two dairy
cattle stations, 15 cows in the first station in Baghdad and 67 cows in the
second station in Babel, Clinical inspection was conducted on cows and it’s
udder, milk samples were collected under sterile condition and subjected for
physical, chemical & bacteriological examination with antibiotic sensitivity
test of the isolated pathogens.
The mastitic cows in each station were divided into two groups, the 1st
(Treated group) in which cows treated by us and the 2nd (control group) in
which cows were treated by the staff of station. After treatment all cows
were examined clinically and bacteriologly four times (once 10 days). Swaps
fro

     This study was undertaken to explore the adding effect of manganese chloride (MnCl₂), co-enzyme Q10 (Co-Q10) as well as α-lipoic acid to Tris extender on Freeze ability of Holstein bulls’ semen. This study was carried out at the department of artificial insemination at the Directorate of Animal Resource, Ministry of Agriculture in Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad for the duration from October\ 2013 to Jun\ 2014, including three experiments. Seven Holstein bulls of 3.5-4 years old were used in this study. Semen was collected via artificial vagina by one ejaculate/ bull/ week. The assessments were conducted for fresh semen, which was later pooled, equally divided for various treatments within each experiment, usin

     An approach to increase the efficiency of the poultry industry is to supplement the feed additives in diets to enhance growth rates, optimize egg production, mitigate disease prevalence, and improve feed utilization. Primary constituents of poultry diets incorporate cereal grains, predominantly corn, along with wheat, barley, sorghum, and other grains. Additionally, a predominant protein source e.g. soybean meal is utilized, although alternative protein sources, both of animal and plant origin, exist. Beyond these components, the feed nutritional quality is influenced by factors such as presentation, microbial contamination, the presence of antinutritional substances, digestibility, palatability, and intestinal

This experiment includes 228 local Awassi ewes between 2 to 5 years
old. The aim of this experiment was to estimate the fetal age by
measurement of transthoracic, transabdominal, cotyledon length and width
during different period of gestation by using 5MHz real-time
ultrasonography. Linear, quadratic and cubic equations were described,
which adjust the relationship between the gestation age and each of
transthoracic, transabdominal, cotyledon length and width. Results indicated
that the quadratic equations of transthoracic and transabdominal were the
best equations; while the cubic equations of each of the cotyledon length and
width were the best equations to estimate the fetal age

The effects of Anchusa strigosa plant extract were studied in respect to
their of gram positive bacterial growth inhibition. were isolated from cases of
pharyngitis and tonsillitis . alcoholic and hot water extracts of the plants as well
as their dried powders were prepared . The preliminary chemical tests revealed
acidic pH of all extracts.
The dried powder , watery and alcoholic extracts of A. strigosa
contained resins ,tannins , phenols, flavonoids, glycosides and avery little
amount of alkaloids in its watery and alcoholic extract.The alcoholic extract of
A. strigosa showed more patent inhibitory effect on resistant bacteria than its
watery extract and the best effect was on growth of Strept.salivarius and<

The aim of study was to investigate the prevalence of macroscopic and microscopic