This study was carried out at Animal Farm, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University from April up to July 2013. The animals were fed on concentrate diet and freely grazed for 3-6 hours/ day at College Field, rams were used in a Latin square design (4*4) and trans located biweekly intervals, respectively to different concentrate diets, the first diet 2% of the body weight which was free from any addition  and considered as a control, the second diet was contain 3% Cuminum cyminum seeds (CU), while the third diet was contain 3% of Ocimum basilicom seeds (B) and the fourth concentrated diet was contain 1.5% of Cuminum cyminum and 1.5% Ocimum basilicom seeds (CU+B). Results r

        The aims of this study to evaluate the antibacterial potential of standard strains (Lactobacillus acidophilus ROO52 and Lactobacillus bulgaricus LB-12) that produce bacteriocins against E.coli O157:H7 in raw milk.  Thirty raw milk samples randomly were collected weekly different markets of Baghdad city in order to investigate the prevalence of E.coli O157:H7 in milk. The prevalence of  E.coli O157:H7 in raw milk samples was  6 out 30 (20%) by using the modern chromogenic media with serological latex agglutination test kit. The average diameter of the inhibition zone of crude bacteriocin against  E .coli O

This study was conducted on sixty seven cows of different breeds and ages (non-descriptive cows). The female genital organs were examined carefully through the rectum before slaughter. Blood samples were also collected prior to slaughter to estimate the levels of progesterone and estrogen level. Gross examination of the same genital organs was approved post slaughter. A comparison has been done to assess the accuracy of rectal palpation for diagnosis of some normal and abnormal conditions. The incidence of findings in rectal palpation were 39 (58.2%) normal non-pregnant, 16 (23.88%) normal pregnant and 12 (17.91%) abnormal conditions. While the findings in gross examination were 32 (47.76%) , 18 (26.86%) and 17 (25.37%), respectively , g

A systemic study on the pathogenesis of experimentally induced
Salmonella typhimurium infection was carried out in calves. Sixteen normal,
colostrum-fed, friesian calves, ranging in age from 3 to 6 weeks were used. The
calves were divided into two equal groups. Group I calves were inoculated
orally with 1.5 x 1011 CFU of Salmonella typhimurium and group II calves
served as control.
Using an indirect fluorescent antibody technique, it was found that
Salmonella typhimurium has an apparent predilection for the small intestine
particularly jejunum and ileum. The results of this study suggest that this
technique can be considered as a rapid reliable technique for diagnosis of
salmonellosis in endemic outbreaks.

     This study was designed to isolate of Enterohaemoragic E.coli O157:H7 from feces and urine in cattle. 175 samples (80 fecal and 95 urine) were collected to isolate EHEC O157:H7 during the period from March to June 2014 from Al- Hindia slaughter house from local breeding cattle, aged between 1-2 years and over 2 years, and the samples were subjected to culture on specific media Cefixime Tellurit- Sorbitol MacConkey agar at 37 ˚C for 18-24 hrs. then the isolates were identified by biochemical tests (Indol test, Potassium cyanid test) and seriologically by Latex Kit test. The results showed that 73(91.25%) out of 80 fecal samples and 39(41%) out of 95 urine samples were E.coli O157:H7 positive, th

     This study is planned to evaluate the efficacy of two biological matrices represented by autologous platelet rich fibrin matrix, as well as a cross linked decellularized caprine pericardial extracellular matrix on enhancing healing of the experimentally severed superficial digital flexor tendon in a goat model. It was carried out on 48 adult apparently healthy bucks, which were divided randomly into three equal groups. Under the effect of sedative and local ring block anesthesia, superficial digital flexor tendon was severed at the mid metacarpal region of the right forelimb. In the first control group, tenorrhaphy was performed and left without additives. While in the second group the tenorrhaphy site was wrappe

Bovine anaplasmosis is one of the tick-borne diseases caused by Anaplasma marginale bacteria which can cause high economic losses to livestock. Cattle that recovered from acute infection become carriers without clinical signs related to the disease and these bacteria can persist for lifetime in the blood. The present study was conducted to detect antibodies of persistently infected cattle with A. marginale in Wasit province/ Iraq. A total of 100 blood samples were collected randomly from cattle over one year old. Blood smears were prepared, stained with Giemsa,s stain and subjected to microscopic examination for detection of Anaplasma marginale bacteria within an infected RBCs, while serum samples were tested by a competitive enzyme - li

     This study was conducted on 122 Arabi sheep belonged to private flock in Erbil plain Kurdistan region- Iraq, from July/ 2014 to August/ 2015 for studying the role of sex chromatin on daily milk production, total milk production, lactation period, fertility rate, prolificacy, birth weight and fertilizes estrous sequences. The repeatability for the studied traits were estimated. The ratio of sex chromatin shapes drum stick, sessile nodule, tear drop and small club were 23.37%, 60.22%, 8.54% and 7.87% respectively.The overall means of daily milk production, total milk production, lactation period, birth weight, fertilize estrous sequences, fertility rate, and Prolificacy were 814.65 g 81.49 kg 103.53 day, 78.10%, 1.

     The present study investigated the effect of synthetic non-methylated oligonucleotides containing Cytosine-phosphate-guanosine dinucleotides (Cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotide) on caprine mastitis with Heat Killed Cryptococcus neoformans Ag. 20 healthy local breed does were used with weight ranging of 25-30 Kg and free of mastitis by examination via California Mastitis Test and Somatic Cell Count. The does were allotted into four equal groups, the first group (G1) was treated intramammary with 100μg/kg of Cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxy nucleotide on fifth day postpartum in the right mammary gland while the left mammary gland served as control and were infused wi

   تعد جرثومتي (M.haemolytica و P.multocida ) من العوامل الرئيسة المسببة لأمراض الجهاز التنفسي في الابقار والاغنام والماعز و أحد اهم أسباب الخسائر الاقتصادية التي لحقت بهذه الحيوانات. استخدمت اللقاحات المتاحة تجاريا للوقاية من الاصابات التي تسببها هاتين الجرثومتين , لذلك كان الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تقييم كفاءة الحماية التصالبية لنوعين من اللقاحات لحماية الفئران ضد جرثومة M.haemolytica  وذلك من خلال دراسة المناعة الخل

This experiment conducted for studying the effects of crushed cinnamon and ginger to the diet at levels 0.1, 0.3, 0.6% in the bacterial growth of gastrointestinal tract of the quail. Ninety birds one day age divided randomly into ten transactions as 9 birds per treatment (three birds per duplicate). The numbers of bacteria, total aerobic bacteria in the colon of feces of birds were calculated, the results showed a significant reduction in the number of aerobic bacteria and the numbers of bacteria in the colon. Proportionally increase in the levels of crushed cinnamon, ginger, individually or in combination in comparison the control group showed influence inhibitory to the numbers of bacteria in the colon and aerobic bacteria when you add

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of mild PEF conditions on acid tolerance, growth, bile tolerance and protease activity of L. acidophilus LA-K. The treatments were positive square unipolar pulse width of 3 µs, pulse period of 0.5 second, voltage of 1 kV/cm, delay time of 20 µs and flow rate of 60 ml/min at 40.5°C PEF treatment temperature. The control was passed through the PEF system at the same flow rate (60 ml/min) without receiving any pulsed electric field condition. The acid tolerance was determined every 30 minutes for 120 minutes of incubation in acidified MRS broth at pH 2. Growth of the culture was determined hourly for 32 hours of incubation at 37°C in MRS broth. The bile tolerance was determined

The present study was designed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of six local medicinal plant ethanolic extracts (Quercus robur, Vitis vinifera, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Ginger officinale, Thymus vulgaris, and Coriandrum sativum) on the growth of Proteus spp. in vitro. For this purpose, graduate concentrates for each extract (50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/mL) were prepared and tested. The result showed that all the studied medicinal plants have antibacterial activity against Proteus spp., with the exception of Coriandrum sativum, which did not show any inhibitory activity against the growth of the studied bacteria in vitro. And the more active plant in inhibiting the growth of the studied ba

In order to investigate the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in raw and imported Ultra Heat Treatment
(UHT) milk, this study was done by random collection of samples from different areas in Baghdad province and
its surroundings from different animals (small and large ruminants) as 68 total samples (53 raw milk samples and
15 imported UHT samples)collected weekly from October 2007 till January 2008, and processed according to
standard protocols of Listeria monocytogenes .
The results showed reisolation of 10 isolates from 68 samples (14.7%) as 6 isolated from raw milk samples
(11.3%) and 4 isolated from UHT milk samples (26.7%) ,these revealed significant differences (P≤0.05) in
isolated percentage of Listeria mon

Four Friesian bulls 3-6 Years old four Friesian heifers 18-24months old were used in this study. Three bulls were injected with 3 ml 3 davs old Mycoplasma bovigenitalium strain AL culture. One bull served as a control which recived broth only. Mycoplasma bovigenitalium organisms serologically similar to the injected strain was isolated from the experimental bulls. All the bullsshowed clinical signs of seminal vesiculitis with varying degress. Two of the infected bulls were left to service 4 clean virgin heifers for four months. All heigers required more than three services to concieve. Mycoplasma bovigenitalium serologically similar to the experimental strain was isolated from three cows at different periods.

This study was undertaken to evaluated vaccinating pregnant cows with "coligen" produced by "Fort Dedge Co." against colibacillsosis in newly born calves. The vaccine was given twice in the last two months of pregancy. Another group of pregnant cows were used as a control. Titration of antibodies was done in the sera and colostrum of the vaccinated and controlled animals and also in the sera of the newly born calves. There was significant rising in antibodies (P<0.01)in the vaccinated animals. These antibodies were protective. Calves receiving colostrum from vaccinated animals were to a certain degree protected aginst colibacillosis. Challenge experiment showed that 36 out of 43 calf of the control group developed diarrheal condition

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of Hymenolepis nana infection in some blood
parameters of some final host ( rats & mice ) by experimental infection of 15 rats and 48 mice . The
results showed that the prepatant period between 12-14 days and the shape of eggs spherical & slightly
ellipsoid in mean 40.92 X 35.96 microne & the numbers of eggs in feaces increased with the severity
of the infection .
The infection which effected on the blood parameters by decreasing the means of packed cell volume ,
total white blood count , lymphocytes , while increased the means of neutrophils , monocytes ,
eosinophils & basohpils in infected group

In order to determine Candida Species isolates that associated with urogenital infection in women,174 vaginal swabs and 66 urine samples were collected from pregnant and non-pregnant women suffering from urogenital tract infection whom visted teaching Al-way hospital during the peroid from January to October 2011. The results showed that 32 out of 174 vaginal swabs were Candida Spp positive (18.3%), high percentage was reported in June and July (25%) for each one and no fungal isolates were recorded in March .The results also explained that high percentage of fungal isolates was recorded in pregnant women (68.7%) as comparing with non-pregnant women (31.2%) .Thirty –two fungal isolates were recorded which included : C.albicans(43.7%);

     The present study was carried out to investigate the ameliorative effect of melatonin on pancreatic and adrenal dysfunction induced by alloxan in adult female rabbits. Twenty four adult female rabbits were randomly divided into four equal groups treated for 42 days as follows: control group received 2 ml of distal water intraperitoneally, animals of the second group received single dose of 150 mg /kg of alloxan (group T1), while the third group received single dose of 150 mg/kg of alloxan and after 7 days received 10mg/kg I/P of melatonin for 42 days of experiment (T2 group). The fourth group received 10 mg/kg I/P of melatonin for 42 days .After the 7 days of alloxan injection the blood is collec

This trail was suggested to evaluate the amount of inherited haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies for Newcastle Disease (ND) from hens to their own progeny via yolk, blood samples were collected from broiler breeders at 51st week of age aiming the collection their sera, these hens were previously vaccinated with ND-killed vaccine at the age 5 and 120 days respectively via subcutaneous route; and ND-alive vaccine at 1and 18 days then monthly intervals by aerosol, random samples of eggs were collected from panels or hatchery machines either after 24h., to detect amount and location of HI antibodies through them, day old chicks were submitted to the same protocol of blood collection as well as mothers. The results showed that the co

Terbinafine is a fungicide given orally with the dose of 100 mg/kg body weight per day for each ewe for 60 days. The vaginal smears of ewe, body and ovarian weight were daily administered at slaughter time; ewes were slaughtered at 60th day. Estrous cycle was affected by showing a significant reduce in the estrous cycle length of each phases of estrous cycle with associated significant increase in the diestrus phase in terbinafine treatment as compared with control group (olive oil treatment as adjuvant) of ewes. There was a significant reduce in the number of follicles and a significant raise in the number of atretic follicles in treated group as compared with control group as well as upsurge the progesterone/estrogen ratio. The body an

Thirty six trials of flushing with riched Delbeco`s phosphate buffer media applied in this study using a plastic two ways folly catheter, introduced by metal robe inside the cervix of donor cows and by air bubble fixed it in the cervical canal in 3 positions, one near the cervico-vaginal opening or at the first third of the cervical canal, the 2nd one at the middle third of the cervical canal and the 3rd one near the utero-cervical opening or at the last third of the cervical canal. The process of flushing was carried out after the fixation of the folly catheter in the three sites and the number of embryos collected by each collection site.
The results showed that the number of embryos detected in the third method where the fixation w

Serum samples from 8 Friesian cows with retained placenta and from 6 without retained placenta were a

170 ejaculates collection from "14" Friesian bulls born in Iraq to study the variation in freezing point of these ejaculates, effect of bulls age on it, the relationship between it with some semen characteristics and freezability of ejaculates. The result of this study can summarized in:

• Freezing point of bull semen was ranged between -0,.55 to -0.67 C, bulls age were effected on it, and point of bull semen and individual motility, mass motility and sperm concentration mld/al. but I thas significant negative correlation with hydrogen ion concentration.
• Freezability of ejaculates increase with more decrease in freezing point of it. The correlation between freezing point of bull semen and individual motility, survi

The current study was established to find out the role of immunization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-whole sonicated antigen in adult white fur domestic rabbits. To achieve this goal, fifteen rabbits were allocated into 3 groups, the first group was immunized with P. aeruginosa–whole sonicated antigen and challenged with viable pathogenic P. aeruginosa; the second group (control negative) was treated with phosphate buffer saline and the third group was injected with viable pathogenic P. aeruginosa (control positive). The results demonstrated increasing levels of the measured parameters blood picture (total WBCs, lymphocytes, and granulocytes, RBCs and hemoglobin concentrations) in the first group compared with

Hazardous residues in milk are reviewed with a special emphasis upon antibiotic residues in cow's milk. In this study a

The purpose of this study was to describe some anatomical and radiological features of the non-lactating udder of adult local Iraqi cow. Eight udder of local breed cow clinically appeared healthy and aged between 2-5 years were obtained from a local slaughterhouse located at Baghdad province. Five udders were used for anatomical study and the rest 3 udders were used for the radiological study. The study primed to describe the macroscopic anatomy of the udder and investigate the udder’s normal blood supply using red-colored latex. The mammography method was to describe the duct system of the glandular tissue of the mammary gland which was performed using the iodine compound and barium sulphate as contrast me