The analyzation studies for the Umayyad –Bayzantine relationship and attitude of Islamic towards Icons, make us say that there is a relationship between the movement that was against the Icons in Bayzantine Empire and that was in Daral Islam. The declaration of war by the Umayyad Caliphate against the Icons means that the relationship with Byzantine was good. While when the Caliphate became silent means that the relationship with the Bayzantine was bad and distinguished by aggression between the two sides.

Perhaps one of the most pillars in building communities, and to achieve consistency between its members, is the volunteer work, he is a humanitarian exercise been closely associated with all the meanings of goodness and righteousness since ancient times, but it differs in size and shape and motivations and trends from one community to another, and from time to time; while at least in the stages of calm and stability, it increases in disasters and calamities and wars times, and perhaps (the popular crowd) is the best proof of that, they answered a call reference, and volunteered to defend their land and their holy places. In terms of form it may be donating money or effort or profession or otherwise, either in terms of the trend may be di

This research is about the resources and the way of al-Waqidi in his
researching of al-sira of the Prophet. And what happened in the first of Islam.
This research is about the documents which al-Waqidi had it. Some of it,
which he had visited, was the places, especially the periods which the events had took
place in. He was asking those whom were contemporary to the happenings, from the
sons of al-Sahaba and al-Tabi’een.
Also this research is lightening on the new studies that gave this historian a
good respect during his work, in which he could gave the reality about his authorship.
The research is trying to draw real way of al-Waqidi and what were reported by him,
especially the documents, and what he had s

The current research aims to :
•know the level of the chaotic behavior of the sample as a whole .
•Know the differences with statistical significance in disorderly behavior between the
disadvantaged and non-disadvantaged peers .
To achieve these objectives, the selected sample of Talbhalmrahlh medium and specifically
students of the second grade average, were chosen randomly stratified's (360) students
included sex (male, female) and (deprived of the Father and the non-deprived) for the
academic year (2013-2014) to the province Baghdad on both sides (Rusafa-Karkh (
As applied to them measurements of disorderly behavior, which is prepared by the researcher,
having achieved _khasaúsma of psychometric (valid

It is known that life is as series of variety of difficult problems that individual looks
forward to overcome so as to achieve adaptation and to reach the desired aims .The transition
of the students from the school stage to the stage of the university is actually regarded a
dramatic change where students face when they enter university life that differs from what
they lived in secondary school.
The executive functions are considered the main element that participate in solving the
problems of high orders , because it involves the mental abilities that assist individual to
think and initiative as well as solving problems .
These functions include operational planning and the activated memory and inhibition of
q

ﯾﻌﺪ اﺿﻄﺮاب اﻻﻛﺘﺌﺎب ﻣﻦ اﻻﺿﻄﺮاﺑﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺮك آﺛﺎرا واﺿﺤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺮد ﺗﺘﺠﻠﻰ ﻓﻲ اﺿﻄﺮاب ﺗﻔﻜﯿﺮه وﻋﻼﻗﺎﺗﮫ وﺗﻔﺎﻋﻼﺗﮫ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ ,وﻋﺪم اﺣﺴﺎﺳﮫ ﺑﻘﯿﻤﺘﮫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ وﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ﯾﺆدي اﻟﻰ ﻋﺪم ﺷﻌﻮر اﻟﻔﺮد ﺑﺎﻷﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ ,وھﺬا ﺳﻮف ﯾﻨﻌﻜﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺪرات اﻟﻔﺮد وﯾﻌﻄﻞ طﺎﻗﺎﺗﮫ واﻣﻜﺎﻧﯿﺎﺗﮫ اﻟﺘﻲ ﯾﺤﺘﺎﺟﮭﺎ اﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﺎء واﻻﻋﻤﺎر ,ﻋﻠﯿﮫ دﻋﺖ اﻟﻀﺮورة اﻟﻘﯿﺎم ﺑ

تهدف هذه الدراسة الكمية إلى دراسة كيفية تأثير أساليب التدريس في المدرسة الثانوية على قدرات الكتابة للطلاب الجدد في قسم اللغة الإنكليزية بجامعة تشرين في اللاذقية، سورية، وما إذا كان هؤلاء الطلاب يستوفون معايير القسم. لتحقيق ذلك، تم أخذ 60 عينة كتابية من امتحان التعبير والاستيعاب 1 في الفصل الدراسي الأول من العام الدراسي 2022-2023 وتحليلها؛ لفحص ميزات النص اللغوية ومؤشرات ما وراء الخطاب. كشف التحليل أن العديد من ا

برز في الآونة الأخيرة اهتمام كبير بالتدهور البيئي والتقدم التكنولوجي وتأثيراته على وظيفة النظام البيئي الطبيعي. وتسلط هذه الآثار الخطيرة الضوء على الحاجة الملحة للنقد البيئي لأنه يقدم نهجا حديثا لتحليل وفهم الأعمال الأدبية استنادا إلى الأدلة العلمية لعلم البيئة. إن تقدم البشر وسيطرتهم على كوكب الأرض ونظامه البيئي يسبب اضطرابات، بما في ذلك النظام المناخي. يتحدى النقد البيئي مفهوم الأنثروبوسين ويدافع عن إ

لا يزال التنمر يحدث في محيط المراهقين وغالبًا ما يدرك أولئك الذين تعرضوا للتنمر بشكل مباشر آثاره الضارة. التنمر هو الشكل الأكثر شيوعًا للعداء الذي يحدث في المدارس. إذ يعد التنمر مشكلة رئيسة في المدارس والمجتمع لأنه يؤثر على عدد كبير من الطلاب من جميع الأجناس والحالات الاجتماعية والاقتصادية (أندرسون،2002). ومن خلال تطبيق وقاحة كولبيبر (2011)، في فقرات التنمر من فيلم "العجائب" للمخرج ستيفن تشبوسكي، تهدف الدراسة إل

هدف البحث الحالي قياس مستوى الرهاب من فيروس كرونا المستجد (كوفيد-19) لدى الأفراد في البيئة العربية في كلا من دولتي (الإمارات العربية / العراق)، استخدم الباحثون المنهج الوصفي التحليليعلى عينة تكونت من (560) مشارك (متطوع)، (409) من دولة العراق بنسبة (73%) و(151) من دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة بنسبة (27%) من إجمالي العينة، وبواقع (63%) إناث، و(37%) ذكور.تم استخدام وتطبيق مقياس رهاب فيروس كرونا المستجد (من إعداد الباحثين)، حيث يت

This work represents development and implementation a programmable model for evaluating pumping technique and spectroscopic properties of solid state laser, as well as designing and constructing a suitable software program to simulate this techniques . A study of a new approach for Diode Pumped Solid State Laser systems (DPSSL), to build the optimum path technology and to manufacture a new solid state laser gain medium. From this model the threshold input power, output power optimum transmission, slop efficiency and available power were predicted. different systems configuration of diode pumped solid state laser for side pumping, end pump method using different shape type (rod,slab,disk) three main parameters are (energy transfer efficie

Abstract
The phonetic replacement is the process of putting a sound or a linguistic
syllable instead of another in one word that results in changing its meaning . It is one
way of vocabulary varionsness and discrimination because replacement among the
sounds of one expression and changing its image lead to change its meaning , and
accordingly , each replaced sound has its own linguistic value that distinguishes it . In
other words , the phonetic replacement is based on system of phonemic change
which is a general phenomenon in all languages . The linguistic system doesn’t stand
straight for word unless it is based on different standards that work on variousness ,
assortment and relating the phonetic change wi

That grammatical studies, a phenomenon of the Arabic language,
enabling the researcher during his research of the development of sentences,
textual analysis, to be the result of that meaning semantic of a sentence, and
the statement of the function the individual, in terms of its meaning in
context, and a link to the meaning lexical give indications of the current
single, and correlation analysis II , in terms of significance with the current
status syntactic to that individual, and these of the most important features of
grammatical studies of modern, based on the relationship structure sense, and
the relationship of the meaning of the structure, we looked for Aiklo for such
a study, Koran, all meanings and co

The aim of this research is subjected to discover The Dictation mistakes which occur
widely in the Arabic Language written by Iraqi – News papers.
The research classified These Mistakes in Three groups as Follows:
1. The first group dealing with distinguishing between the Arabic – letter ) ا ( When Written
or ) أ ( at The beginning The word and as ) ئ ( which differ in meaning from each other .
2. The second group dealing with the writing of The Arabic ) ٙ( and as ) ٛ( at the end of The
word which differ in meaning from each other.
3. The Third group dealing with distinguishing in written The Arabic letter as ) ض( or as ) )ظ
which differ in meaning From each other.
4. The fourth group dealing with Th

Abstract:
In the name of God , most Gracious , most merciful
The Holy Quran conciders the celestial book which consults
languages with its accents , and consults the people with their circumstances
and it takes care of all worships.
We find that Holy Quran consults atheist human and afaithless one ,
therefore , it aspect the orabion of God to human “s heart as a results , it is
one of an incapacitation of Holly Quran in This research.
WE try to taik about special vocables which relate to hearts of
unfaithful hummance , so we mentio these vocables in a guidance hierarchy
table in the end of this research.

Due to the difficulties that Iraqi students face when writing in the English language, this preliminary study aimed to improve students' writing skills by using online platforms remotely. Sixty first-year students from Al-Furat Al–Awsat Technical University participated in this study. Through these platforms, the researchers relied on stimuli, such as images, icons, and short titles to allow for deeper and more accurate participations. Data were collected through corrections, observations, and feedback from the researchers and peers. In addition, two pre and post-tests were conducted. The quantitative data were analysed by SPSS statistical Editor, whereas the qualitative data were analyzed using the Piot table, an Excel sheet. The resu

In children "dependency" appears during the pre-school age ,Assoon as the child begins to distinguish people surrounding him, he tends to be aware of certain people and tries purposefully to draw their attention . This dependency develops and is reinforced as the child s family shows her tendency to help the child in all what he does any task .Therefore as it seems that the extent to which a child becomes dependent or independent relies on a number of interrelated variables which are usually put together in one formation . The two researchers have chosen three variables used in studying comparing and measuring the aspects of dependent behavior . These chosen variables are (1) The child s sex (2) The child s ordinal position in the f

words of God the Quranic text , is genera words have many faces and connotations a ccording to references, cutures and Ages.That the Quranic text is fixed , But the connotations are moveable the scientists agreed about the miracle of the Qurantic text , But they differd of the Position of miracLe including the muatazala and Al- Ashaira who have adopted the idea of sytem and miracle of linguistic . Most of them were lingustics, grammerians and writers as: AL- Jahith, AL- Faraa Abivbeida , Ibn kutaba , AL -Rumani , AL -katabi , AL- Bakilaai , AL- Gargani and Others.
They also differed in what the words of Allaah mean . Is the Quranic text creature or updated ,it is the issue that exhausted the effort.of muslim scientists though its imbo

The principle of total quality not the result of the modern era, but has its roots entrenched in the foot, the king announced the Babylonian (Hammurabi) before five thousand years: The person who builds a house fall to the occupants, Fiktlhm; the sentence penalty, from here, established Babylonian civilization oldest concerns quality and perfection in the work, although the roots of quality stretch in the ancient Pharaonic civilization represented by the pyramids and temples, and in the Chinese civilization in the Great Wall of China. The concept of quality is present in all the teachings of Islam Bamadaminh all, which represents the value of an Islamic urged the Qur'an to the total quality in all the work which is supposed to be perform

Knowledge management contribute to the overall private university libraries to develop libraries for the purpose of creating human and technological resources by investing research and development, as well as education and training for life.
This study followed the methodology of the descriptive and historical pillars of knowledge management for the years 1990 to the present day in 2017, depending on statistical figures obtained by the researchers from the General Secretariat of the Central Library at the University of Baghdad, and the Human Resources Division, which specialized human resources training after 2004 (and before those years from 1982 until 2002, where the continuing education was committee of the fixed committees are wor

This study aims at: Finding out the degree of conduct disorder of the orphan and non-orphans pupils in the sample of the study,and finding out the degree of social support of the orphan and non-orphans pupils in the sample of the study,and finding out, the degree of relationship between conduct disorder and social support of the members in the sample of the study,and finding out significant differences among the members in the sample of the study that depends on a scale of conduct disorder and social support according to the following variables: .The type of sample members (orphans, non-orphans). .Gender(males,females), (orphans,non-orphans).study sample consisted of (300) males and females of orphan and non-orphan pupils in fifth and si

The aimed of the research was recognize the Big five personality factors and Academic procrastination among Baghdad university students, recognized differences between the gender according to   Big five personality factors and Academic procrastination , to recognized differences between specialization (scientific, human), and to recognize the relationship Between the variables of the research, and the extend of contribution Big five personality factors in Academic procrastination , to achieve these aims , Adopt scale to measure the Big five personality factors for (John Danahue & Kentle) , As we as the preparation of scale Based on An amber of previous scales to measure Academic procrastination, After processing the data st

الخلاصة
ا ǐ درس فیم ǐ اث ت ǐ أن الابح ǐ منذ مئة عام أستخدمت الاذن البشریة في تعریف الاشخاص ولحد الاّن ف
ات ǐǐ یس . ان التطبیق ǐǐ ریة للتق ǐǐ فة بش ǐǐ تخدم كص ǐǐ ي تس ǐǐ ة لك ǐǐ ردة أو كافی ǐǐ ائص منف ǐǐ ل خص ǐǐ ت الاذن تحم ǐǐ اذا كان
ث ǐ ال البح ǐ ي مج ǐ تخدمت ف ǐ ات اس ǐ اك تطبیق ǐ ن ھن ǐ یة لك ǐ ریة التقیس ǐ فات البش ǐ ال الص ǐ ي مج ǐ تخدم ف ǐ م تس ǐ كل الاذن ل ǐ لش
الجنائي.
ان ما تم انجازه في ھذا البحث ھو دراسة ھیكلیة ا

important dements whichtheconsideredHeadings and titles areThe Leads to pay attention the reader when he reads a newspaper Because it gives for a reader a summary about significant events and journalism arts which published in a page such as (news، reportage،journalism conversations and interview). On the other hand، all design pros ramming produce new tools in the art of direct and adds all the lends، size، shapes،colours،letters، margins between lines in accurate way in order to pay attention for the reader . The first chapter is focused on the research problem which represented to know the art direct of journalism head line in the first page of Al – Sabah newspaper and the range of advantages of using new techniques and mode

Change the morphological characteristics with the change of the factors affecting it has been shown that the Tigris River has the characteristics of the morphology of the low values in terms of depth, width and perimeter wet and gradient which in turn affected the morphological and other characteristics in terms of the direction and pattern of runoff came through the study of 48 cross-section is taken of the Tigris River Year 2008 by section for each 1 km, it has been shown that the average width of the Tigris River does not exceed 221.1 meters and the average depth of 3.9 meters either wet ocean amounted to 268.9 meters and changed the cross-section area of the last section at a rate of 4594.3 square meters, and through the study turned

To learn about the importance of ethics in different historical eras have to be identified first on the roots of this concept and return to the origins of language and the statement connotations Home as a morality single won Position good in the literature of the Arabic language , and beliefs of the monotheistic religions that see the majority it had on moral grounds .
The name of the morality of the natural qualities of a human being , or the name of human nature itself , and morality , plural ( created) is the name of the inner configuration of this man , but Valkhalq put against the word of creation - which is the name of this human form evolving .
In the opinion of other references that word ( ethics ) but they are collecting f

This study examined the imperative construction: the command, the interrogative, the prohibition, the call, and the wish. In the Diwan of Al-Shamakh bin Dirar; where the poetic verses were monitored in each of the topics of the student's creation, and the rhetorical meanings that he came out with. What is new in this study is that it is the first to study the demanded composition in the poetry of a glorious poet, Al-Shammakh bin Dirar Al-Dhubyani. As his poetry did not receive such a study, it sought to employ what was written by rhetoric scholars, in an attempt to explore the demanded composition in the poetry of Al-Shamakh. The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach, which is based on counting the number of times the poet us

problems with its unobvious effect on scientific creativity and information. Problem solving is one of main goals of researchers because it develops their right logical thinking methods. The present study aims at measuring logical thinking among female it structures in the university mea swing problem solving among them ,identifying statically differences significance in logical thinking among female instructors in the university according to (Specialization Variable), identifying differences significance in problem Solving among female instructions in the university according to ( Specialization Variable) and identifying the Correlation between logical thinking and problem solving among female instructors in the university. The sample c

The recent researches aim to discuss the following items : 1. Knowing of the level of cognitive representation. 2. knowing of the premium style of general learning and thinking. 3. knowing the differences in cognitive representation and preferring treatment style as well legislation thinking in both the variable specialist and sex. 4. Discover the relation between the cognitive representation on learning and thinking. For the purpose of inspection the aims of research the two researches used the scale of cognitive representation in which prepared by her self, the scale include the Iraqi environment for secondary school students and syrenberch scale to be adapt with the stage. Have been applied to these three tools on a sample of students

One of topics that occupied alarge area  in Iraqi  society  at the moment is the  issue( of tribal  separation and its  relation  to the organization of  the community ) so we see in the civilizations and heritage  of each community aset  of provisions and laws that take the form of status   customary or religious it is indicative of the great interest in Iraqi society in cotrolling the behavior of individuals to comply with values and social laws and become their behavior is consistent with the behavior of the total and adhere to the social values and be productive individuals within  the subject and this can only be  achieved  from the social co