This study was applied for  extraction  flavonoid compounds  from Myrtus   communis (aerial part)and detection of its effectiveness on growth of one of dermatiphytic isolates and keratinase activity, Trichophyton mentagrophytes was the most common isolates which was obtained   with frequency (66%),  the identification and quantitation of flavonoids was carried out by thin layer and high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that each 100 g of aerial part of the plant  contained 850 mg total flavonoids as rutin).The HPLC chromatogram for M. communis flavonoid extract revealed that, M. communis  flavonoid

This research project was designed to assess the antibacterial and antitcancer activity by using the crude extracts of fresh and dried peels of Annona squamosa fruit. The fresh and dried peels were extracted by using three solvents, inculded (water, ethanol, and methanol) at different concentrations (stock, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25) µg/ml. The antibacterial activity was estimated against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram - negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) using agar well-diffusion method. Results showed the appearance of different regions of inhibition. Antibacterial activity of alcoholic solvent extracts of the dry and fresh peels showed noticeable inhibitory activity against

The inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-amylase can be an important strategy in the postprandial blood glucose level in patients with type II diabetes, plants contains  different  chemical  constituents with  potential  for  inhibition  of α-amylase  and  hence  may be used  as  therapeutic.  Nine types of plants include (Clove, Lemon, Chamomile, Radish, Ginger, Black seed, pomegranate, Beetroot and Garlic) were used in this study to select the optimum plant material that inhibited α- amylase enzyme. Raphanus raphanistrum was chosen, it had the highest inhibition activity of the enzyme (95.5%). Also sodium phosphate buffer (0.2 M, pH

The Recent study aimed to identify the optimum conditions for inulin extraction from jerusalem artichoke tuber (JAT) powder using microwave assisted extraction method, and partially hydrolysis of purified inulin for producing fructooligosaccharide (FOS) using citric acid & microwave energy. The extraction conducted at different temperature (90 – 95) C˚ at (700 W/5min, 450w/8 min and 350w/14 min). The extracted inulin was concentrated to (50 – 60) % of original volume using rotary evaporator, and purified by lime method. The purified inulin extract was concentrated to 32 brix and mixed with acetone (3:1 acetone : extract)

This study was aimed to investigate,growth,yield and phytosterol of squash (Cucurbita pepo L. , medical pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo subsp.) and thier hybrids.The study included crossing among 15 pure lines of squash and medical pumpkin . pepo var. styriaca during fall season 2013 at  greenhouse during spring 2014 the genotypes of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad. The genotypes (medical pumpkin ST + 9 parents of squash, crosses with medical pumpkin + 11 specific hybrid) were planted at the open field. The layout of the experiment was completely randomized block design. The results showed significant differences among genotypes in the s

This study was aimed to evaluate the influence of adding dietary three medicinal plants and vitamin E on productive performance, serum physiological parameters, immunity and antioxidant status of broiler chickens under heat stress (34 - 38) C° for 35 days. A total of 600 Ross one day old broiler chicks were distributed randomly into eight treatments with five replicates 15 birds per each replicate as follows: T1: broiler were fed standard ration (negative control); T2: 50 mg vitamin E /kg ration (positive control); T3: 5g Dill  powder /kg ration; T4: 10g Dill  powder /kg ration; T5: 5g Adiantum powder /kg ration; T6: 10g Adiantum powder /kg ration; T7: 5g Crataegus powder /kg ration and T8: 10g Crataegus powder /kg rat

The objectire of the present study was to investigate the effect of nutritional additive of associated phytogenic P.E.P. and organic acids supplemented in drinking water on their, blood parameters, lipid profile and intestinal histomorphology in broilers. For this purpose, 240 chicks (Ross-308) one-day old were divided randomly into 6 equal groups each group 40 chicks as follow. G1supplemented with( 0.015 cc Essential Oil (EO) with Aromatic Oil (AO) 0.5cc/L) , G2  add (AO 2cc/L) ,G3 was mix (EO 0.06cc with AO 1,5cc/L) ,G4(0.03 EO with1cc AO/L ,G5 0,12cc EO /L and control (G6) group was fed the basal diet ,the results of blood parameters were indicated significant (P≤

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of resveratrol as a natural antioxidant in improving the chemical properties and some qualitative and microbial properties of chilled ground beef stored at 2 C° for 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days. The study included 7 different treatments: T1 (control treatment without addition) T2 (Resveratrol 0.10% g/kg) T3 (Resveratrol 0.20% g/kg) T4 (Resveratrol 0.30% g/kg) T5 (Resveratrol %0.40g/kg) T6 (Resveratrol %0.50g/kg) and T7 (Addition of Butylated hydroxyanisole 0.01% BHA). All addition treatments showed a significant (P<0.05) decreases in dry matter percentage of Fat and Ash and increase in protein, moisture and water holding capacity (WHC) percentage as compared with the control treatme

The estimation of genetic parameters of certain productive characters in different lines of quail is very important to make a breeding schedule for such lines of quail in the future. This study was carried out for three generations to estimate the response to selection, selection deferential, genetic, and phenotypic correlation between studied traits (growth and laying performance) and heritability estimates in two lines of Ukrainian quail (Coturnix coturnix coturnix). A total  of 120  Ukrainian  quails  from ) 500 ( quail birds   (base  population),  were 

The structure of fish community was evaluated before and after Aski-Kalak City at Greater Zab River, Erbil Province, Iraq during the period from November 2020 to October 2021. A total of 1582 specimens belonged to 25 fish species were collected and reached to 570 Kg of total weights. These fish were mostly belonging to Cyprinidae family and one for each Mugilidae, Siluridae, Bargridae, Sisoridae and Mastacembelidae. According to fish occurrence in (S1), there were five fish species be as resident, 8 and 10 species as seasonal and rare respectively. The annual values of fish species, weight and catches effort 10.7, 184 and 33.25 Kg/hour respectively, and in (S2) fish species of 6, 6 and 11 as resident, seasonal and rare respective

This study aimed to investigate the effect of different feeding levels of Alfalfa pellet ration (APR) on the productive performance and economic feasibility of Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). A total of 270 one-day-old ducklings were used. The birds at seven-day-old were assigned to 9 indoor pens of (1×2.2m) with outdoor and swimming pool (1×9.8m) and Each box represented an indoor replicate with 30 ducklings. The feeding program for Pekin Duck group treatments with alfalfa pellet rations (47% alfalfa) was used as a replacement to the basal diet at different percentages (0%, 25%, and 50%) for control (T0), first (T1) and second (T2) groups. The results showed no significant differences among treatments except accumul

A study was conducted during fall season of 2015-2016 at Qwshtapa farm village of Grdmala, Erbil to study the effect of different rates of Nitrogen and Potassium fertilizers application on nutrient balance and yield of Broccoli. Treatments included 5 levels of nitrogen (0, 60,120,180 and 240 kg N ha^-1), and 5 levels of potassium (0,150,300,450 and 600 kg K ha^-1) in factorial experiment in RCBD with three replicates. The Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated system (DRIS) methodology was applied to study nutrient balance. Results indicated that yields were 23.916 and 11.233 Mg ha^-1 for N₃

This study was carried out in vitro to investigate the effect of addition of different levels of dates honey (DH) as soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and urea on fermentation quality and nutritive value of corn cobs silages (CCS). CC was ensiled with 4 levels of DH, 4, 6, 8 or 10% and 3 levels of urea 0, 1.5 or 3%. CCS samples were packed in double layer nylon bags and kept anaerobically for 60 days. Results revealed that color of CCS samples were ranged between yellow and brown. Smell of diluted vinegar was detected in samples made with addition of DH only, whereas, those made with addition of low and high levels of urea were characterized with smell of diluted and concentrated ammonia respectively. Increasing DH level from 4 to 10%

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of high concentration of Mentha spicata on liver tissues. Fourteen mature male albino mice were used in this study and divided into two groups. Control group received 1 ml normal saline daily for 7days through oro- gastric tube. The remained animals received 1ml of aqueous extract of Mentha spicata daily for 7 days through oro-gastric tube. At the end of experiment, all animals were dissected. Liver Samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin. Sections were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The slides were examined macroscopically. The results showed that coagulative degeneration, degeneration of hepatocy

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of using functional feed additives on egg production, hatchability and hematological traits of Japanese quails under hot weather condition. A total of 288 a day old of Japanese quail were allocated to six treatments with three replicates containing T0: control, T1: Optifeed® 500g/ton feed, T2: Oleobiotec®100g/ton feed, T3: Force®6 100g/ton, T4: VêO® premium 250 g/ton feed and T5: mixing of (Optifeed® 250g + Oleobiotec® 50g+ Force®6 (50 g)+VêO® premium 125 g

The current investigation was conducted at 2014-2015 to determine the influence of levels and periods of addition of organic matter on Zinc availability in Iraqi calcareous soil. Experiments were conducted as a field experiment in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) using four replicates. Wheat, Al-Rasheed variety was used as a test crop. The entire field was equally dived in two divisions. One of the two divisions was cultivated to wheat and the second was left uncropped. Effect of five levels of organic matter as a peat namely 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 ton ha^-1 were determined. Soils were analyzed to determine its physical and chemical characteristics. Soil samples were collected after 3, 30, 60, 90,

Gypsiferous soils in Iraq are suffering from low fertility due to low levels of organic matter and limited availability of nutrients especially phosphorus (P). Therefore, two experiments were conducted to study the impact of combination of low cost phosphate rock (PR) and organic materials (OM) on soil organic carbon (SOC) and P status. The first experiment was an incubation experiment which was conducted to determine level of organic carbon (OC) required for the second experiment, this experiment was consisted of two factors the first was level of OC (as sheep manure) applied at nine levels viz: 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, and 0.60% of soil weight, the second factor was level of PR (0, 20, 40, and 60 mg P kg

Corn is one of the major crops of industrial and food importance. Corn is mainly grown for domestic consumption of the production of corn flakes, starch export, and corn seeds are used for baking when mixed with wheat flour, The average production and cultivated area of the corn crop in Iraq for the period (1970-2014) reached (210042.431 tons), (342,974,866 acres), respectively, It accounts for (8%, 3%) of the total production and areas cultivated with grain crops. The productivity rate was (555.7 kg / Acres), which accounted for 32% of the grain production in Iraq, Which is a good percentage after the yield of the bear compared to the yield of wheat and barley. The objective of this study was to measure the effect of price and n

Three different calcareous rocks consist mainly of calcite C, dolomite D and its combination C,D were chosen. Rocks Samples Were treated with different concentration of salt Soluations, included CaCl₂ (0.2,0.05 molar) (applied to dolomite samples), MgCl₂ (applied to calcite samples), and combination of these two salts which applied for both (D-Dolomite and C-Calcite). Other samples from carbonate minerals were treated and incubated with FeSO₄.7H₂O and Fe-EDDHA at 20Mg^-1 mineral. These treated samples subjected to sequence of wetting and drying for 120 days under saturated CO₂ atmosphere. At the end of incubation period these samples were air dried and used

A field experiment was carried out in the spring season of 2016 in sedimentary soil (silty clay loam) in order to study the effect of adding different types of nitrogen fertilizer (urea, di- ammonium phosphate and ammonium sulphate) at level 200 kgN ha^-1. Zinc fertilizer has been sprayed with concentrations (0, 20, 40 and 60) mg ZNL^-1 on growth and yield of snake cucumber. The results showed a significant increase in ammonium sulphate fertilizer in plant length, dry weight, leaf area, early yield, plant yield and total yield. The results showed that the concentration of 60 mg  L^-1 was significantly higher in plant length, dry weight, early yield, plant yield and total yield.&

Two   pots   experiments were  conducted  one of  silty  clay  loam texture  and the other in  loamy  sand  texture   by planting barley crop variety “Samir” to evaluate extraction efficiency of  seven  chemical   extractants via the   correlation with  the   potassium taken up by barley crop. Four  of these extractants were: BaCl₂, CaCl₂, MgCl₂ and NaC l; the remaining three were: CH₃COONH₄,  NH₄HCO₃,  NH₄HCO₃ + DTPA. The study  was  performed by  the application of four  lev

This study was conducted at the poultry farm Animal Production Department, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Abu Ghraib, for the period from 19/9/2016 to 30/10 / 2016. (42 days) The object of this study was effect of adding different levels of tamarind pulp (0, 5, 15, 25 g / L ) to the drinking water on productive traits of broiler chicken. A total of 120 unsexed Ross 308, one day old, an initial weight 41.5 g was used in the experiment. Chicks were fed on starter diet for the  first three weeks of age and finisher diet for the 4,5 and 6 weeks of age. Birds were distributed to four treatments, The first T₀ control (without any addition), The second T₅, third T₁₅ and fourth T

The current study was conducted to test Shabout’s (Arabibarbus grypus) sperms ability for long-term cryopreservation under liquid nitrogen (-196ºC) using two different extenders and two different cryoprotectants to compare and chose the best. The semen of mature fishes collected from Al-Radwania man-made lakes during 2015 spring spawning season were used in this study. The semen was collected by manual abdominal stripping without using any hormones or anesthetizes and its sperms were tested for surviving and activity throw cryopreserving process in liquid Nitrogen using two different extenders (Zhang & Liu vs.  Calcium-free Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution) with methanol in 10% as cryoprotectant for the first

In current study use local ligninolytic crude extract enzyme (HAMU 8%) to improve IVDMD and reducing lignin content. The result suggest that treated wheat straw (WS), Corncobs (Cc), alfalfa hay (AH), by HAMU increased significantly (p <0.05) in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and reduction in lignin content, However, extra enzyme improvement is shown with Corncobs treated with HAMU (average improvement, 19.84%) and lower improvement was shown in alfalfa hay treated with HAMU (average improvement, 10.07%). The higher reduction (P<0.01) in l

To study the effect of mineral fertilizers (NPK), Organic  and Bio-fertilizers on grain yield of bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.). A field experiment was conducted during 2014-2015, 2015-2016 at the experimental farm of Field Crop Department, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad ,Iraq. A split plot arrangement within RCBD, using four replications for two varieties at the main plots  and 14 fertilizer treatments at the sub plots:T₀ (control) ,T₁ (mineral fertilizer as recommended), T₂ (bio-fertilizer), T₃ (organic fertilizer), T₄ (bio+ organic fertilizers), T₅(mineral fertilizer +bio- fertilizer), T₆(50% mineral fertilizer + b

The objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of replacing part of mineral fertilizers, by organic or bio fertilizers and effect of these fertilizers on grain yield and its components of maize (Zea mays L.). Field experiment was conducted at Abu Ghraib Research Station (Baghdad) during spring and fall seasons of 2016 using a randomized complete block design arranged in split plot with three replications .Three synthetic varieties of maize (Fajr 1 ,  Baghdad 3 and Sumer) in the main plots  and nine  fertilizer treatments which were : 100% NPK  as recommended, NPK  +  sulfur, NPK + organic fertilizer, NPK + Bio fertilizer, NPK + Humic acid,50% NPK  + sulfur,50% NPK + orga

In order to evaluate soybeans genotypes in two locations, five selected in sixth generation of selection were used with nursery in Baghdad, using RCBD with three replication. The results raveled superiority of selected promising genotypes in growth duration, flowers, plant height and number of branches, and yield component, as a number of plant bodes, 100 seed weight and number of seeds in bodes, especially genotype C, which produced seeds yield  (2758 kg h^-1). Genotypes D was the best in oil content (23.05%), while  B genotype was highest in protein content (43.9%) compare with local variety, which gave lower values for all growth traits, when grown in different environments.

A Field experiment was carried out in the winter season 2015- 2016 in county Rasheed south of Baghdad, In order to Increasing the efficiency of water use of wheat plant by anti-transpiration manufactured compared with commercial anti-transpiration. Gelatin with two concentration 0.5 and 1.5% and pure gelatin with 1.5%, in the growth and yield of wheat Triticum aestivum L. Then Compared to Commercial anti- transpiration armourax, with water stress levels which is used three levels of water depletion: 40, 60 and 80 of available water. The experiment was designed by using RCBD, with the split plot design with three replications. The results

This experiment was conducted in the research fields, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Al-Jadrya site during winter season (1/12/2015) to the end of summer season (31/8/2016) to investigate the influence of Bio-Fertilizers of four varieties of lawn grasses and their mixture on the growth of these grasses.The study included four varieties of lawn grasses one of them was from the warm season while the other three varieties were from cold season. Four mixture of those varieties were mixed in different percentage and eight treatments were prepared as follows: (T1) Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon), (T2) Kentucky blue grass (

This study was conducted  at the Ruminants Researches Station (25 km west of Baghdad) as well as the Directorate for Agricultural Researches / Ministry of Agriculture, as from the  Reproductive laboratory at the College of Agriculture/University of  Baghdad  from 01/03/2015 to 15 / 09/2015 on sample  94 awassi dams . In order to study effect infection on production traits to growth traits , The percentage of healthy dams was 70.21%, while the proportion of ewes was 29.79% and the differences between the two were highly significant (P <0.01) The results of the current study showed that the percentage distribution of the difference between the parasite type of the sheep infected with the