This research was implemented on rice farmers in An-Najaf Alshraf Province. It aims at economic assess of rice brands  Jasmine – Anbar 33 – Anbar Albaraka .on random layer sample with ratio of  5% . The research depend, to achieving its targets, on using Cost-Benefit Analysis CBA and ADOPT  program to assess these brands and identify how far farmers will be familiar to the best brand. Many conclusions have been achieved. The most important ones maybe: the net retuen which is  331  thousands Dinar/ dunums in case of cultivating the brand. This is higher than the net benefit in case of cultivating jasmine brand which is  289   thousand Dinars/ dunums.  The interned rate of return was

The paper were carried on rice farmers in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf province. It aimed for studying economical efficiency for a random stratified sample of 5%. 235 forms brand have been collected. The paper depended, to maintain its aims, on using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) upon the production and costs functions of farms of the research sample under discussion. Many conclusions have been achieved The results of estimating the technical efficiency upon production function refer that the jasmine Anbar 33, Anbar Al Baraka, 84.2%, 88.9%, 86.4%. The total economic efficiency of these cultivars were 30, 26 and 10, respectively Depending

Females of Colobomatus asiaticus Hayward, 1996 have been collected from prepercular canal of silver sillago Sillago sihama (Forsskål, 1775) from Iraqi marine waters during May 2016 and December 2017. The present work confirmed the original description of the species by possessing combination of characters: Short and rounded thoracic lobes and both third leg and genital segment with one seta. The present report Colobomatus asiaticus considered the new record from Iraq. Detail measurements of different body parts of female were given for the first time.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of addition two medical plants or their mixture on hematological, biochemical parameters, hormonal levels and milk microbiology of lactating Awassi ewes. Twenty-eight ewes at mid lactation were divided into four groups and fed rations containing 1% Gall oak, 2% Astragalus, 0.5 Gall oak + 1% Astragalus, and Control. At biweekly intervals, blood samples were withdrawn. A bulk milk samples was collected for microbiological test under sterilized conditions. Results revealed that medicinal plants significantly influenced Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate being lowest in the Astragalus group. Ewes feed Mixture group had significantly hig

To evaluate the impact of two medicinal plants Quercus infectoria and Astragalus eriocephalus on digestibility, milk yield, its compositions and economic efficiency, twenty eight lactating Awassi ewes at their mid-lactation were selected based on their pre-treatment milk yield, were divided into four groups and fed ration containing 1% Gall oak, 2% Astragalus, 0.5% Gall oak with 1% Astragalus, and Control. Twelve ewe lambs were used to study the effect of rations on the digestibility. Herbal active compounds were obtained by GC-MS analysis. Results revealed that fifty-six and twenty-four compounds identified in Astragalus eriocephalus and Quercus infectoria samples, with the major compound bein

This experiment was aimed to investigate the efficacy of MiaClost (Bacillus subtillis PB6 and Enterococuss faecium) as an alternative to antibiotic (zinc bacitracin) on performance and gut health of broiler chickens under Escherichai coli (E. coli) challenge model. A feeding study was conducted using 240-day-old Ross 308 chicks that were randomly assigned to 5 treatments each with 4 replicates and reared in two different rooms. Four treatments including (positive control, antibiotic, MiaClost 1 and MiaClost 2 ) were challenged with E. coli and reared in room1, however the fifth treatment was used as Negative control (nonchallenged) and reared  in the second room. Birds were challenged with

Kappa-Casein gene (CSN3) polymorphisms were investigated in one breed of sheep (Awassi) reared in Babylon City. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood of 51 samples of Awassi ewe by using one primer.  The primer of PCR were sequenced and prepared by Integrated DNA Technologies Company. PCR productions were loaded on gel electrophoresis. The polymorphism of kappa - casein gene was genotyped by Hindlll restriction enzyme (TAKARA), PCR products, Ethidium bromide and 2.5% Agarose gel in horizontal Medi Bio Rad electrophoresis with 0.5 x TBE (100 V. for 60 min.) were loaded to identify of results using Polymerase Chain Reaction - Restriction Fragment Lengt

The Drainage of agricultural land has become a top priority in agriculture, at the level of developing countries it is directly related to human life and economic development of the state. The objective of this article is to quantify and estimate morphological evolution in the medium term. the morphological evolution of the canals under the influence of sedimentary transport processes. The study area consists of agricultural land located in the plain of Bouteldja, in the north-east of Algeria. This zone was developed in 2006 as part of a hydro-agricultural project through the creation of networks of open-air drainage channels, but until now submerged with adjacent farmland. The causes may be: i) the lack of cleaning maintenance s

This study  was aime to investigate the effect of addition different concentration of celery leaves  to white soft cheese ,Treated cheese between 2018-2019, ,The finely Celery (Apium graveolens)   leaves  were  adding  to crude white  cheese  after texturizing in three leveles  included (A,B,C)  in addition of control   antimicrobial activity of celery treated  cheese  against total account bacteria and coliform bacteria was estimated  during (0, 5, 10, 15, 20) days. The results were shown that the higher concentration of celery in treated cheese, had a lower concentration of

This study was designed to confirm the effect of different concentrations of water extract for stevia leaves on lowering blood sugar, cholesterol and other blood traits in diabetes-induced mice. Forty mice with weights ranging 30-35 mg per diabetic were injected intravenously into the gastric tube except for control group (non-diabetic control) and were left for one week to confirm their diabetes. The animals were divided randomly into 5 groups with 8 mice per group; animals were given in group 1 (non-diabetic control) and group 2 (diabetic control) fed standard diet with water supply, while groups 3, 4 and 5 were fed standard diet and different concentrations 300, 400 and 500 mg / dl / day respe

A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the impact of humic acid with different levels of saline water on the movement of Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium, and the kinetics of Sodium adsorption ratio in calcareous soil with a texture clay loam using the mixing displacement techniques. The soil was taken from the surface layer (0-30 cm), air dried and passed through a 2 mm diameter sieve. It was filled in columns of polyethylene. A fixed column of water was placed above the surface of the soil column of different salinity water (0.72, 3.00, 5.00 and 7.00 dSm^-1), in accordance with humic acid levels of 0.00, 0.25 and 0.50 g L ^-1. The proce

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of magnesium application on efficiency of some phosphate fertilizers and phosphorus and magnesium uptake of maize. Three types of phosphate fertilizers (Triple super phosphate TSP, Di ammonium phosphate DAP and Urea phosphate UP) and five levels of magnesium (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg Mg ha^-1) as MgSO₄.H₂O were used in the study of. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates were used. The results showed that the UP fertilizer was the most efficient in increasing P uptake, PUE and obtaining the highest response of maize compared with  DAP and TSP. PUE, and they were 75.33,

This study was aimed to obtain the considerable amount of the biosurfactant (rhamnolipid) from local isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on industrial-scale. A 7L laboratory bioreactor was appointed to accomplish this task and all conditions of production were set as previously by batch culture experiments. Bioreactor with 3.5 L working volume was conducted for 120 h to obtain 16 g/L at 30ºC and 6.5 pH. The supernatant of production medium was used to reduce the surface tension of water from 72 to 27 mN/m, and the emulsification index was reached to 67%. The product was extracted with a mixture of solvents, purified by silica gel using a column of glass chromatography (3.5 × 30cm), and c

This study was performed at a private orchard in the Ekmale area of Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, during the seasons of 2016 and 2017 to investigate the effects of foliar sprays of three concentrations of aminoplasmal (0, 100, 200 ml.L⁻¹), three concentrations of boron (0, 200, 300 mg. L⁻¹) and three concentrations of zinc (0, 400, 600 mg. L⁻¹) on fruit set and yield characteristics of 14-years old "Halaby" pistachio. The factorial experiment within randomized complete block design was used. Foliar spraying of studied elements was applied at twice during growing seasons. The res

The aim of this work was to check the presence of the dumping from neighboring countries of Iraq, Turkey and Jordan. The margin of dumping was calculated by taking the difference between the normal value and the export price. If it exceeds 2%, then there is dumping. Product dumping in Iraq has increased since 2003, and it is increasing from year to year for many types of agricultural and food commodities. Main reasons are the high rate of imports and the absence of trade policies represented by customs tariffs which in turn control the trade exchange. The research concluded that there is an intentional dumping in the trade of some agricultural commodities with Iraq from neighboring countries. Trade exchange with these countries h

Projects of various sizes and types are the most important factors for the success of economic development plans in general. Agricultural projects and agricultural cooperatives are also considered as the basis for agricultural development in the economies of many countries. One of the most important targets of development is to fight poverty and famine, and achieving that depends on how to deal with agricultural lands with good management and scientific methods. The aim of this research is to identify the economic feasibility of one of the agricultural activities in the province of Dhi Qar. The study included 132 farms specialized in the cultivation of wheat crop in the province of Dhi Qar for the agricultural season 2017-2018. T

The aim of study was to investigate the potential candidate gene SEMA3E, TLX and GH and their association with the economic traits, which is becoming increasingly important in poultry breeding program. A total of 72 genomic DNA samples from three female local lines of quail including (desert, brown and white) were collected to determine the association of genes with reproduction trait using PCR-RFLP Technique. According to growth performance the Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) value in selected females for high (H) and low (L) production traits was ranged from -9.2173 to 0.3827. This value is used to estimate body weight at first egg (BWF

This study was conducted at Poultry farm/Department of Animal Production/College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/University of Baghdad, were divided into two experiments one during summer and second during winter seasons to study the effect of season and sex on productive performance of Pekin duck reared in an intensive system under harsh Iraqi conditions. A hundred fifty, one day old ducklings were used in each experiment. On 14 day of age, birds were sexed then randomly divided into nine replicates (pens) (5 replicates for females and 4 for males). Results indicated that season has significant effects on studied traits. Body weight, weight gain and food consumption were significantly ( p < 0.01 )higher in birds reared i

This study was conducted at the different geographical regions at the north of Iraq; during the field trips, many samples of individuals of two genera Valeriana L. and Valerianella Miller were collected. The fruits of specimens morphologically have been inspected, and some parts of fruits were anatomically examined by paraffin method, from both studies the diagnostic characteristics of fruits were determined. This study was proved the morphological characteristics of significance within genera and species levels, while anatomical features had a large role in separation between the two studied genera, it was proved that the cross-sectional outlines of fruits played a significant role in delimiting among species o

Herbicides are much more than just chemicals to control weed plants, and they can also influence the ecosystems. So, it is necessary to choose new herbicide with low active ingredients in order to reduce environmental issues, as well as control weed plants. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficiency and to compare two herbicides containing similar active ingredients, Chevalier WG and Atlantis OD, as they contain metsufuron-methyl and iodosufuron-methyl sodium at different rates. Chevalier contains 30 g/l of each active ingredient; whilst Atlantis OD has 10 g/l of metsulfuron-methyl and 2 g/l of iodosufuron-methyl sodium. The results showed that all treatments significantly were active to control the weeds in both

A field trials was carried out during winter season of 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 at Field Crops Department - College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad / Jadriyah to study the effect of organic fertilizers of plant source (compost) on yield and it's components of linseed cultivars. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) arranged according to split plots used with three replicates. The trials included four weed sources organic fertilizer {Malva rotundifolia L., Eichhronia crassipes (Mart) Solms, Glycyrrhiza glabara L. and Silybum marianum L.} and NPK chemical fertilizer (90 Kg N ha^-1, 120 Kg P ha^-1 and 80 Kg K ha^-1

This study aimed to highlight the prevalence of the seasonal influenza in the different Iraqi provinces during 2018 year to study the epidemiological aspects, and their effect on the  frequency of disease and death cases caused by influenza virus. A total of 1359 throat and nasal swabs was collected from individuals suffering from influenza like illness (ILI) or severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) for testing influenza virus type A (H1N1 and H3N2) and type B. RNA extracted and amplification with specific primers and probes. Results showed the incidence rate of flu A 16.7 (227/1359) and 4.7 of flu B per 100000 people-year that included 14.9 for H1N1, 1.5 for H3N2 and th

The wild plant Prangos platychlaena Boiss belonged to the family Apiaceae, is a native plant of Kurdistan-Iraq. The root, leaves, stem and flowers of the plant were collected in the Hlgurd mountain of Kurdistan region of Iraq, and extracted by ethanol solvent to obtain the crude extracts. Our results showed that the phytochemical contents are more concentrated in the initiated growth stage than the other stages and the phytochemical concentration posatively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with humidity.The physiochemical contents such as total carbohydrate, protein, coumarin and dry weight more concentrated in the leaves and flower than oth

The  aim of this research is to development the effectiveness of extension service  to meeting  the requirements of buffalo breeders in Iraq. The research was concluded in four fields: the first field: Development and adopting an appropriate orientation. It included four axes: Diversifying sources of extension services, comprehensiveness, decentralization, modernization of the work method. Second Field: Organizational Development. It included two axes: strengthening specialized organization (formation of specialized guidance units), capacity development.  Third Field: Service Feasibility Development. It includes five axes: service based on the requirements of breeders and the

This study aimed to analyse historical food availability in Sudan during 1961-2013. This was achieved by assessing the food supply (kg/capita/yr.), dietary energy supply (DES) (kcal/capita/day), composition of diets and food self-sufficiency. The study depended on the available secondary data from FAO balance sheets. Percent share, annual cumulative growth rate and trends were used as analytical tools. The total food supply had a positive growth rate of 4.9%. The DES increased from 1743 to 2186 kcal/capita/day, implying that Sudan is food insecure. Cereals constitute approximately half of the total DES. The percentage share of vegetal sources was paramount in the DES (80%), protein supply (60%) and fat supply (45-68%) relative to

The inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-amylase can be an important strategy in the postprandial blood glucose level in patients with type II diabetes, plants contains  different  chemical  constituents with  potential  for  inhibition  of α-amylase  and  hence  may be used  as  therapeutic.  Nine types of plants include (Clove, Lemon, Chamomile, Radish, Ginger, Black seed, pomegranate, Beetroot and Garlic) were used in this study to select the optimum plant material that inhibited α- amylase enzyme. Raphanus raphanistrum was chosen, it had the highest inhibition activity of the enzyme (95.5%). Also sodium phosphate buffer (0.2 M, pH

This study was aimed to assess the data collected from the Iraqi North forests of Atrush, for reporting the urban forests and their status in many locations with different scales and ranges. This process was carried out by using up-to-date technology. Such technology included the economic scopes of the evaluation ecosystem, by i-Tree Eco evaluation, and the US Forest Service which helps out in such a program. The evaluation included the total carbon storage of 41 species of trees, and it was found that 27.78 t of those trees in which the value of $ 4743608.35 had an amount of gross carbon sequestration rate of 0.63 t /year and a value of $107.576.431.These results indicated that carbon storage within those trees of different species inve

The current study  was carried out at the Fields belongs of Horticulture  Department, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Science, University of  Baghdad, Al-Jadiriyah for the spring season 2016 -2017 to study the effect for  inoculation mycorrhizae and  folair application  with bio stimulators and their interaction in the growth characters of  (local okra  ptera). A factorial experiment  (2  in randomized complete block design (RCBD), the experiment included (12) treatment  Distributed  in three  replicates. The three factors used in this experiment included . The inoculation with control (C) Mycorrhizae  ( M ) , Biozyme  (B ) ( B1 2cm

Sorption is one of the most chemical important processes, which determine nutrients availability in soil. Sorption isotherms provide sufficient information about soils sorption’s capacity, and it’s data can be used to determine thermodynamic sorption parameters. The aim of this studyis to evaluate the sorption of potassium onto some soils. An experiment was conducted with four calcareous soils of the Sulaimani province Kurdistan Region of Iraq by using the batch methods. 5g soil samples were equilibrated at 298±1 Kelvin with 50 ml of 0.01M CaCl₂ containing 0 to 250 mg L^-1 K as KCl. Suspensions were centrifuged, filtered, and concentration of K⁺ in the clear extract solution was deter

A field experiment was conducted at the farm of Abu Jarash at the Agricultural College, using different rates of olive solid waste and cow manure, as follows: (control,  Mineral fertilizer +NPK, fresh olive solid waste100%, fresh olive solid waste 75%+ cow manure 25%, fresh olive solid waste 50%+ cow manure 50%,   fermented olive solid waste 100%,  fermented olive solid waste 75%+ cow manure 25%,  fermented olive solid waste 50%+ cow manure 50%, cow manure 100%).  Iron fertilizer had been added as iron sulfate in equal amount for each treatment. the fermented olive solid waste 100% treatment was Superiority in the amount of iron forms as following: (total, soluble, exchanged, linked with carbonate bo