A  Field experiment was conducted during winter season at 2015 – 2016 at the experimental farm, department of Field Crop, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad / Jadriyah to investigate effect of Organic Fertilizers preparation from weed plants on various broad bean varieties behavior and relationships with seed yield and its components. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) arranged according to split-plots used with three replicates including four organic fertilizers prepared from weeds Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), Mallow (Malva rotundifolia), Purslane (Portulaca oleracea), European Heliotropic (Heliotropium europaeum), chemical fertilizer and control (without fe

This research was carried out at Research and Training Station, Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia during 2017 and 2018 to investigate the effects of indigenous and foreign pollinizers on the yield and physicochemical fruit characteristics of date palm cv. Khalas. Pollen grains of different date palm male pollinizers were collected from different geological locations of Saudi Arabia and Egypt. Fifteen twelve-year-old date palm trees were selected for the experiment, for which five spathes for each palm were selected per replication. The experiment was laid out as a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates for each treatment. The fi

The inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-amylase can be an important strategy in the postprandial blood glucose level in patients with type II diabetes, plants contains  different  chemical  constituents with  potential  for  inhibition  of α-amylase  and  hence  may be used  as  therapeutic.  Nine types of plants include (Clove, Lemon, Chamomile, Radish, Ginger, Black seed, pomegranate, Beetroot and Garlic) were used in this study to select the optimum plant material that inhibited α- amylase enzyme. Raphanus raphanistrum was chosen, it had the highest inhibition activity of the enzyme (95.5%). Also sodium phosphate buffer (0.2 M, pH

Three soil sites were chosen in sulaymaniyah governorate, for three types of trees (pine, oak  and pear), in order to study the effect of biochemical activities in rhizosphere on weathering of mica and potassium availability comparing with Bulk soil. Results of X-ray showed that the transformation process of mica to 2:1 expandable minerals in rhizosphere was exceeded than in Bulk soil of all type of trees. While the superiority of mica weathering, and increase of smectite content in all rhizosphere were taken a followed sequence. Pine > oak > pear. Results of SEM for clay samples of Bulk soil showed there was no cracks, splitting, Exfoliation, and no separation of the layers on the surfaces of minerals. While the inspe

A laboratory experiment was carried out at the Department of Soil Sciences and Water Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad. Silty clay soil was treated with three salt solutions (NaCl, CaCl₂ and mixed NaCl–CaCl₂). Homogeneously packed soil columns (10 cm, 40 cm) were leached six times using tap water. Effluent samples were collected to determine ion concentration Cl^-, Ca⁺⁺, Na⁺, K⁺ and Mg⁺⁺. Breakthrough curves were used to estimate solute transport parameters (retardation factor, peclet number) using an analytical solution of convection-dispersion equation (CDE) by CXTFIT program. The results showed that relative concentration of ch

Micronutrients can be considered as one of the main component for high and good quality agricultural products and human health.  Many Researchers and Scientists around the world indicated that more than 3 billion person around the world affected by shortage in micronutrients especially Fe and Zn .This problem cannot be solved through food additives at developing poor countries and Biofortification is the only answer through naturally enriched agricultural products with micronutrients.  Micronutrients can limit food quality and quantity in spite of the low amounts required by crops compared to macronutrients. Micronutrient are available in different formulas and structures as mineral ,synthetic chelated and organic ferti

In order to identify maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes had tolerate  drought, Seven drought indices and 18 maize genotypes were used,  to determine the efficiency of theses indices to identify tolerant and susceptible genotypes, Also interpretation the relationship between these indices using  principle component , cluster of multivariate analysis and rank-sum method.  The results indicated that MP, GMP, and STI were positively and significant correlated with Yp and Ys. Therefore, these indices have the potential to identify genotypes own well performance to stress and non-stress  conditions. Screening drought tolerant genotypes using these indices discriminating&nbs

This research was conducted at the plant tissue culture lab. - College of Agriculture – University of Baghdad from February 2015 to May 2016. The Study was aimed to investigate the in vitro propagation of Moringa oleifera, by inoculation a single nodal segment in MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of plant growth regulators. The best responded of single node reached to 90% was achieved with MS medium supplemented with 1 mg. L^-1 BA and 0.2 mg. L^-1 IAA. At Multiplication stage results showed that MS medium supplemented with 2 mg. L^-1 of BA with 0.1

This study was conducted at the Animal Farm of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad during the period from 22/1/2022 to 2/4/2022. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of leptin gene polymorphism on the weight gain, digestibility and rumen fermentations of Awassi lambs. Forty Awassi lambs were selected at age 4-5 months, with an initial weight mean of 25.4 kg, and distributed randomly in individual pens. The results showed that there were three variations in SNP (G>A),  GG, GA and AA it was 66.67, 30.56 and 2.7%, respectively, and the differences between them were highly significant (P≤0.01). No significant differences of leptin gene polymorphism were noticed on the percen

The experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary replacement of fermented potato peels powder (FPPP) with Kiwi juice or probiotics with yellow corn on pre- and post- storage of meat oxidation for 30 days, physiological and microbial of broiler. A total of 231, day old broiler chicks (Rose 308) were used. The chicks were randomly distributed to seven treatments, with 3 replicate per each (11 chicks/ replicate): 6 males and 5 females. Chicks in the first treatment were fed on an ordinary diet and it was considered as a control treatment (T1). The T2, T3 and T4 treatments were considered as replacement treatments in which the (FPPP) by Kiwi juice was replaced by y

This study was aimed to identify the genetic polymorphism of the Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) gene in a sample of Awassi sheep consisting of 48 ewes and its 62 newborns. This study lasted for six months, The results revealed that there were two variations (2 SNPs) in the Promoter Exon 3 of gene SPP1, the first variance SNP1 the position was (SNP1 A > G: P/1212/(84 bp), AG. The second variance Snp2, G > A: P/1207/ (92 bp), There were two genetic components of this gene, GG and GA, at a percentage rate of 60.42 and 39.58%, respectively, and there were high-morale (P≤0.01) differences in the birth weight of the ewe, The GA hybrid ewe outperformed the G-pure terrestrial genetic structure. This study concludes that the mut

The study aims to evaluate the lands of Fadak Farm and their suitability for palm trees cultivation. An area of 2,000 dunams was selected as the study site .It is located in Karbala Governorate between longitudes 43°51'44" and 43°35'16" E and latitudes 32°43'56" and 32°42'59" N. Sentinel-2A satellite imagery was used, Two pedons were identified—one in a cultivated area and the other in an uncultivated -with 40 surface soil samples collected. These samples were analyzed in the laboratory.The spectral signature of the existing land cover in the farm was determined. The reflectance values for date palm trees were 5252 in the green band, 4440 in the red band, and 6280 in the near-infrared band, covering 12% of

The aim of this research is to study the effect of using different concentrations of aqueous extract of damask flowers on the ratios of some major and minor parts and some histological qualities. There are a few studies on the effect of the use of rose water in various agricultural animals. 250 one-day-old commercial ross308 broiler chicks were randomly divided into 5 groups of 50 birds. In the treatment (T1control treatment) plain water was used without additives, while in the transactions T2, T3, T4 and T5 rose water was added to drinking water at a concentration of 5%, 10%, and 5% for 12 hours, and 10% for 12 hours, respectively. The results showed the superiority of coefficients T2 and T5 in live body weight, the percentage o

This study was aimed to explore the safe levels of the aqueous and alcoholic extract of the pamper (Cordia myxa) fruit in used mice, and its effect on vital organs.Various doses of 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 mg/kg  body weight were used in this study for both aqueous and alcoholic extracts for the entire week. The safe doses of aqueous and alcoholic extracts were then used with 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg / kg body weight and continued observation for two weeks. At the end of the experiment, animal weights were taken, mice were then executed and weights of some of important biological organs such as kidney and liver were weighed and examined for histopathological segments. The results of the study did not show any l

This study was aimed to investigate combining ability and genetic parameters in summer squash (cucurbita pepo L.). Eight inbred lines of summer squash were crossed in line x tester method in summer season 2020. The parental lines (3 tester and 5 lines) and their off springs (15 hybrids) were planted out in the summer season  2021 at vegetable field, Horticulture Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Science, Duhok University. The experiment lay out using randomized complete block design with three replications. The results indicated that the mean square for genotypes were highly significant effect for tester , line and line x tester in all studied traits. The Tester LBL2 and line PEP1670 were the best comb

This study was aimed to examine the anticancer activity of fabricated ZnONPs- L-ASNase conjugate against cancer and normal cell lines. Total of 127 bacterial isolates were taken from clinicalandenvironmentalsamples then identified as E.coli.In this work, 88 isolates were identified as E.coli.L-asparaginase produced from E.coli were screened¸clinical Isolates of E.coli from urine sample have the potential to produce asparaginase that is responsible for cytotoxicity¸the optimal culture conditions for the development of the enzyme L-asparaginase were determined to be 37ºC and pH8. Nitrogen sourceconcentrations at 0.9gm/ml were discovered to maximize enzyme production. L-asparag

A field experiment was carried out at University of Baghdad, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences during fall season of 2020 and spring season of 2021. This study was aimed evaluate the effect of the organic fertilizer and boron foliar on the yield of potatoes for processing. The factorial experiment (5*4) within RCBD and three replicates. The organic fertilizer as palm peat at four levels (0, 12, 24 and 36 ton. ha^-1) in addition to the chemical fertilizer recommendation treatment. Boron at four Concentrations 0, 100, 150 and 200 mg. L^-1 . The results revealed significant different among application of organic fertilizer at the level of 24 ton. ha^-1 and the foliar application of boron at a

This study was aimed to investigate active compounds in the aqueous extract of Ganoderma applanatum mycelium. The aqueous extract of fungus mycelium was prepared and some active compounds were detected, including phenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides and resins, all of which gave a positive detection. The effective compounds were diagnosed by GC-Mass Chromatography technique, was revealed that there are a number of compounds that can produce mycelium with ability to inhibit microorganisms, inhibit free radicals and prevent oxidation, as well as their effect in reducing cancerous tumors. As for the effective groups, they were diagnosed by FTIR technique.

Cooking ware that is made of aluminum is used in different nations, particularly developing nations, and are a free source of aluminum. Due to its possible harmful effects on human health, aluminum is acknowledged as a public health problem. The goal of the current investigation is to evaluate curcumin's (CUR) capacity to decrease aluminium’s toxicity by forming stable complexes. Rhizomes that are sold in the local marketplaces have an 8.5% crude pigment content of CUR. At various pH levels, CUR's maximum absorbance was identified. Citric acid was used as a catalyst to create the CUR-Al+3 combination at various pH levels, which correspond to the rates at which Al+3 was eliminated from the solution. At pH 2.5

This study was conducted on the Salakhani pomegranate fruit, to study the impact of coating with (0.5 and 1) % flaxseed, (0.5 and 1)% black seed oil, and (0.5 and 1)% chitosan plus control treatment and with five storage periods. The fruits were harvested at full ripening stage on 2/11/2020 from a private orchard. The fruits were divided into groups according to the concentrations of flaxseed oil, black seed oil, and chitosan, as well as the control treatment and storage periods. Fruits were dried well after the coating process and placed in special boxes (carton boxes), the fruits were stored for five storage periods at a temperature of 5±1°C and with 85-90% relative humidity. The factorial experiment within the complete rando

This study was conducted to identify resistance sources in the Iraqi wheat cultivars using pathological and molecular approaches. Results revealed that forty-four reeleased wheat cultivars were divided into four groups according to their mean infection percentage to common bunt disease. Resistant group consists of wheat cultivars Farris 1, Ashur, Tamuz 3, AlMadian, AlBaraka, Latiffiya, and Rabia. The mean infection percentage of this group ranged from 0.28-3.98% and significantly was higher than

A field and storage experiments were carried out in order to evaluate the effect of the foliar application of Moringa leaves extract, calcium, and potassium silicate on the growth, yield, and quality characteristics of strawberry fruits. The field experiment with three replicates was included 27 treatments consisted of the foliar application of Moringa leaf extract at the concentrations of 0, 5, and 10% which were symbolized as M₀, M₁, and M₂ respectively, calcium at the concentrations of 0, 1, and 2 g. L^-1, which were symbolized as Ca₀, Ca₁, and Ca₂ respectively, and potassium silicate at the concentrations of 0, 1.25, and 2.50 ml. L^-1 that s

This study was aimed to find a new, cheap available adsorbent for the removing of Pb from water, using shells of Mollusca (Pomacea canaliculanta). In order to estimate the efficiency of the new adsorbent in removing the heavy metal, batch experiments were achived. At the beginning the best contact time was determined which is equal to 2 hours. then the effect of the initial lead concentrations was studied which demonstrated a direct correlation between the removal efficiency of the adsorbent and the Pb concentration up to 93.98 percent at lead concentration of 60 ppm. After that the effect of adsorbent weight on the removal of the metal was examined which show that 0.75 gm give the best removal efficiency up to 79.08 of

This study was aimed to assess the efficiency of N.oleander to remove heavy metals such as Copper (Cu) from wastewater. A toxicity test was conducted outdoor for 65-day to estimate the ability of N.oleander to tolerate Cu in synthetic wastewater. Based on a previous range-finding test, five concentrations were used in this test (0, 50, 100, 300, 510 mg/l). The results showed that maximum values of removal efficiency was found 99.9% on day-49 for the treatment 50 mg/l. Minimum removal efficiency was 94% day-65 for the treatment of 510 mg/l. Water concentration was within the permissible limits of river conservation and were 0.164 at day-35 for the 50 mg/l treatment, decreased thereafter until the end of the obser

This study was aimed to investigate micro-morphological and cytological characteristics for sex species of Euphorbiaceae family in Baghdad during the two growing seasons 2018-2019 . The species are: Euphorbia granulate Forssk.,E.helioscopia L.,E. hirta L.,E. hypericifolia L., E. milli Des Moul .,E. puplus L. Which involved with morphological characters of pollen grains and seeds, as well the chromosomes number, and the study managed to count chromosome number for the above species sequentially:-n=11, n=21, n=9, n=16, n=14,18, n=7,8. The morphological characters of pollen grains surface has been studied by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), shape and size, polar

The present investigation was conducted to estimate the gene action effects in some traits of durum wheat by using crosses two generation of wheat (Albit-9 X omgenil-3) through generation mean analysis during growing season 2016-2017, at Field Crops Department, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok. The analysis of variance showed significant differences between generations mean for studied traits except spike length which did not significant. The mean value of F₁ generation was higher than the respect parents (P₁ and P₂) F₂, Bc₁ and Bc₂ for most of studied traits in whe

تهدف الدراسة إلى تحديد فعالية النياسين A و الزيت الطيار لأكليل الجبل في الجسم الحي لفئران التجارب على بكتريا B. cereus المعزولة من اللحوم المعلبة في المختبر. أظهرت النتائج فعالية اكليل الجبل بتركيز (2000 ميكروغرام / مل) والنياسين A (350 ميكروغرام / مل) اذ بلغت  27 و 19 ملم قطر المنطقة المثبطة على التوالي بأستخدام طريقة الانتشا

To determine the impact of climate change on the growth and yield of sunflower when planted at two different climatic times, a field experiment was conducted in Anbar Governorate, specifically in the Ramadi district, in the fields of one of the farmers. Five cultivars were used: "Aqmar", "Haysen", "Isaqi", " Flami a and "Tarzan", at three plant densities of 88,900, 66,670, and 53,300 plants ha^-1. A randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) was used with three replications, in a split plot arrangement, where plant densities occupied the main plots and cultivars occupied the sub plots. The results indicated the superiority of the cultiv

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of economic, social and institutional factors on adoption within the national program for the propagation of high-rank seeds of wheat crop. 170 questionnaires were collected, 50% of them were participants in the program from Wasit and Babil governorates. Probabilistic regression models were used to know this effect, and the possibility of adopting Farmers of improved seeds produced from the national program for the multiplication of seeds of higher grades using the (ADOPT) program. The adoption rate was 0.12%, and the total number of adopters were 12 farmers, at a rate of 14.2%. Tobit model was estimated  to find out the impact of the profitability of the dunum, capital,

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of drinking ionized water on histological changes, bacteria count, and some hematological parameters of Japanese quail. A total of 200-42-day-old female Japanese quails were divided into five treatments four replicates each treatment (40 birds/replicate). The birds of each treatment were divided into four replicates. The pH level of drinking water of the first treatment was 7, whereas the pH levels of drinking water of other treatments were 8, 9, 6, and 5 respectively. The results showed that villi height, crypt depth, an