The present study carried out to comparative between usage of killed vaccine of Escherichia coli with aromatic oils or alone against infection of broiler with pathogenic E.coli for this purpose two hundred broiler chicks were collected and randomly divided into four groups. Each group contained fifty chicks, food and drink for all groups ad libitium. The experimental groups were treated as follows: G1 vaccinated with the killed E. coli vaccine through subcutaneous injection dose 0.5 ml (3×10⁷ CFU/ml )in day five old and received Digestarom^® P.E.P sol. in drinking water 6 ml/100L from one day old until end of trial. G2 vaccinated with killed E. coli only

The research aims to study the profit functions of vegetable crops. Cross-sectional data was used based on a random sample that included 200 farmers in Alqosh region within Nineveh Province for the 2018-2019 agricultural season. The results showed that there are vegetable crops which need a large amount of labor as labor costs amounted to about 71% of the total costs per acre in tomato production. It was also found that total costs were higher in tomato crop cultivation at the dunum level compared to other vegetable crops. In addition, profit function shows that the price of the product has a significant effect on profit compared to the rest of the independent variables in the functions of vegeta

This research was implemented at vegetable field of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad during fall seasons, 2018 and 2019. The experiment was conducted using factorial within Randomized Complete Block Design arrangement with three factors and replicates (3X3X2). The aqueous barley sprouts extract (B0, B1) (0, 100 g.L^-1) represented the first factor. Trehalose (T0, T1, T2) (0, 50, 75 mmole.L^-1) represented the second factor. Calcium (C0, C1, C2) (0, 1, 2 ml.L^-1) represented the third factor. The research objectives are assessing the impact of the mentioned factors and their interaction on carrot vegetative, qua

This research was implemented at vegetable field of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad during fall seasons, 2018 and 2019. The experiment was conducted using factorial within Randomized Complete Block Design arrangement with three factors and replicates (3X3X2). The aqueous barley sprouts extract (B0, B1) (0, 100 g.L^-1) represented the first factor. Trehalose (T0, T1, T2) (0, 50, 75 mmole.L^-1) represented the second factor. Calcium (C0, C1, C2) (0, 1, 2 ml.L^-1) represented the third factor. The research objectives are assessing the impact of the mentioned factors and their interactions on carrot plant minerals

This study was aimed to identify and confirm of E.coli isolated from arthritis in chickens. Samples for the isolation of the bacteria were taken from broiler chickens with arthritis symptoms (swelling hock joint), and then examined by culturing, VITEK test as well as molecular assay. Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolate was done. The results showed pink colour colonies on MacConkey agar. The VITEK system was used to identify those colonies. The results revealed that the isolate gave 97 % parallel to those fe

The objective of this study was to investigate association between FecG^H-GDF-9 gene polymorphism and litter size in Hamdani fat-tailed sheep. The genomic DNA was extracted from eighty-seven blood samples of Hamdani ewes. The FecG^H-GDF-9 locus was detected by PCRs, and identified DNA genotyped by DNA sequencing. The evaluate several parameters included fertility (%), conception (%), letter size at birth, twining rate (%), triple rate (%), barrenness (%) and productivity (%) were measured and arrived 91.95, 95.40, 1.825, 150, 11.25, 8.05 and 159.77, respectively. The blast tree view results in NCBI blast show Hamdani sheep is more closely to Norway white face sheep, Han sheep and Pelibuey Sheep breeds which ha

This study  was aimed recording the prevalence rates of the Cryptosporidium spp. and identify its species in buffalo at Babylon province by using microscopic (flotation and staining) and molecular technique to examined (100) buffalo fecal samples collected randomly from different sexes, ages, and regions, during the period from the beginning of October 2019, to end of March 2020. The percentage of infection with the Cryptosporidiosis was 40% by using the microscopic method, while, nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) technique showed the infection rate was 61%, and according to age groups, recorded higher infection 77.5% at (≤6) months age group, followed by age group (>6 -1

This research was carried out at Research Station , Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering , College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences , University of Baghdad during fall season of 2020, it was aimed to improve flower productivity, quantity and quality of essential oils with increasing the concentration of N, P , K elements in the nutrient solution, and foliar app `lication of Plant growth promoters  (PGP) on Rosa Damascene grown on a soilless culture system with coco peat substrate bags. A factorial experimental design was carried out according to  (RCBD)with three replication. Results indicated the superiority of a high nitrogen treatment and 1.5 g of PGP (N2S2 ), of the flowers number, dry m

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Mycoplasma synoviae in broiler and layer chickens infected with respiratory signs. A total of 80 samples were collected randomly from layer and broiler chickens with respiratory signs in Baghdad from the period between January to May 2017 from the trachea, Lung, Air sac, oviduct, tracheal swabs, conjunctiva swabs, choanal swabs, and nasal swabs and cultured in PPLO medium with supplements, then positive culture subjected to DNA extracted and Polymerase Chain Reaction assay (PCR) to detect Mycoplasma as a genus and Mycoplasma spp by using specific primers targeting16S rRNA gene. The results of culture revealed that the total rate of Mycoplasma<

This study was aimed to compare two spreading agents (Tween 20 (T) and dishwashing detergent (D)) which are commonly used in agricultural researches in Iraq and sometimes are used by the local spray applicators. Moreover, the universalflat fan nozzle (UNI) was compared with the air induction nozzle (AI) concerning the quality of the spray produced. The treatments included three concentrations (1.0%; 0.1% and 0.01% vol /vol %) of each spreading material beside the control treatment (water only). Spray quality was evaluated by using the water sensitive papers (WSP), and DepositScan software was used to analyze the scanned photos of WSP. Theevaluated parameters related to the spray quality included: spray coverage (%); spray density

A nitrogenous bio-fertilizer comibination was prepared contain Azospirillum lipoferum, and Azotobacter chroococcum bacteria. A phosphate bio-fertilizer consisting of Bacillus megaterium and Glomus mosseae fungus was also prepared. vermicompost was produced from earthworms imported from Iran and others isolated locally. A factorial experiment was carried to evaluate the effect of the interaction between these combinations and vermicompost types under levels of 0%, 25% and 50% of NPK. The results showed a significant superiority of the bio-fertilizer (nitrogen and phosphate) tre

An experiment was conducted to evaluate fertility, hatchability, egg weight and egg production traits from three different lines of local quails. A total number of 945 eggs (334, 321 and 290 for desert, brown and white, respectively), from 20 weeks of age were used in the study. White quail significantly (P≤0.05) produce higher egg weight (12.79 ± 0.08 g), chicks' weight (8.89± 0.02 g), percentage of mortality (2.34 ± 0.70 %) and Hen-day egg production (79.33 ± 0.98 %) comparing with other local quails. While local brown quail have significantly (P≤0.05) higher percentages of fertility and hatchability which averaged 79.11 and 86.80%, respectively. The higher total number of egg and low m

اجريت هذة التجربة في حقول كلية علوم الهندسه الزراعية/ قسم الانتاج الحيواني / جامعة دهوك لمعرفة تاثير اضافة مستويات مختلفة من مسحوق الكركم الخام و الكركم المحور على الاداء الانتاجي,صفات الذبيخة, مستوى المناعة و مورفولوجية الصائم. حصلت على 750 فرخة من مفقس محلي ووزعت على ضروفين للتربية (طبيعى و الاجهاد الحراري) مع خمسة معاملات 3 مكررات لكل واحذ(25 فرخة) . اضهرت النتائج ان المعاملات تحسنت معنو

أصبحت السيطرة على تلوث المياه العادمة ذات أهمية متزايدة في السنوات الأخيرة. لا يشكل إطلاق الأصباغ في البيئة سوى نسبة صغيرة من تلوث المياه ، ولكن الأصباغ مرئية بكميات صغيرة بسبب تألقها. في هذه الدراسة تم عزل طحالب Spirulina subsalsa  و Scenedesmus ecornis من جناروك و طق طق في مدينة كويا و قدرتها على امتصاص الأصباغ المختلفة. وأجريت دراسات دفعة في ج

Moina  macrocopa is a natural feed that can be cultured to producing ephippia as a bioproduct for fish and shrimp larvae feed. The number of males in the population affects the quality and quantity of ephippia produced.  This study was conducted with the purpose of examining the female age in M. macrocopa mating and examining the ratio male-female M. macrocopa in the mating on the quantity and quality of ephippia produced.  The treatment

This study was aimed to investigate the ability of N.oleander to remove Cadmium (Cd) from wastewater. A prolonged toxicity test was performed in a single exposure and run for 65 days with various concentrations of Cd. Plants were grown in sand medium and irrigated with simulated wastewater contaminated with Cd, using different concentrations (0, 10, 25, 50, 75 mg/L), which were chosen based on previous preliminary test. The results of physical observation of the plants didn’t show any withering symptoms. The Cd concentration in plants increased, while in water decreased. The results of plant analysis showed that Cd concentration in plant shoots (stems and leaves) was higher than that in roots for almost all exposure do

This study was aimed to investigate the antiproliferative effect of lemongrass essential oil (LEO) from Cymbopogon citratus on A549 cell line and their effect on the expression of p53 gene in lung cancer cells. The LEO was extracted and anlaysed using GC-MS analysis, the cytotoxicity of LEO against lung cancer cells was examined using MMT assay and finally the expression of p53 was determined via qRT-PCR. The chromatogram of GC-MS exhibited 14 compounds in ELO, the major one is citral (56.4%). The cytotoxicity of LEO was dose dependent which proliferation of the lung cells were significantly inhibited with increased concentration of essential oil (P≤ 0.01) as well as the IC50 was 29.13 ppm. Furthermore

This study was aimed to investigate active compounds in the aqueous extract of Ganoderma applanatum mycelium. The aqueous extract of fungus mycelium was prepared and some active compounds were detected, including phenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides and resins, all of which gave a positive detection. The effective compounds were diagnosed by GC-Mass Chromatography technique, was revealed that there are a number of compounds that can produce mycelium with ability to inhibit microorganisms, inhibit free radicals and prevent oxidation, as well as their effect in reducing cancerous tumors. As for the effective groups, they were diagnosed by FTIR technique.

There is an elevated need for novel antimicrobial preservatives in the food industry, and hydrolysis of waste products from the same sector has for decades been viewed as a potential source of these. In the current study we have purified bovine whey protein using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and hydrolyzed it by trypsin, pepsin, alcalase, savinase, and neutrase at different times 30, 60, 120, 240, and 300 min. The highest active time hydrolysate was subsequently fractionated by SEC, monitored for antibacterial and antioxidant activities, and characterized using UHPLC-MS/MS. Alcalase and savinase displayed higher degree of hydrolysis, higher antibacterial activity in their hydrolysates at 60 and 30 min, respectively compar

A field experiment was carried out at Agricultural Researchs and the Experiments Station in Wasit province during 2019-2020 season. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of three factors, the first being biofertilizer at three levels (without addition , a combination of Bacillus megaterium + Glomus mosseae and complet combination of G. mosseae, Azotobacter chroococcum, B. megaterium and Azospirillum brasilense). the second factor was three levels of vermicompost (without,3,6 Mg ha^-1).The third factor included three levels of triple superphosphate (0, 40 and 80%) of the fertilizer recommendation. The treatment were distributed in a factorial experiment according to a randomized complete block

This research was carried out to investigate the effect of chemically (using L-Cysteine) and enzymatically (by papain) modification on the functional properties of hard wheat gluten. The modification process is run by both methods individually and synergistically. The results showed an increase in the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of lyophilized wheat gluten upon adding the reducing agent at different concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 ppm). The values for (DH) were (5.29, 6.18, 6.22, 6.26, and 7.48%) respectively. While for papain (2000 units / g protein) those values were (10.25, 12.71, 13.54, 13.88, 15.62%) respectively when the reducing agent (same concentration above) and papain were used synergistically. The functional prop

This study was aimed to evaluate the Aqua program in calibration and validity and its use in simulation to study the productive and water characteristics of maize crop.. The experiment was conducted in two irrigation methods, sprinkler irrigation and surface irrigation, and two cultivation methods are borders (lines) and furrows (lines and then furrows) and for two cultivars of maize, a hybrid (unlocal) and a local variety. The results that sprinkler irrigation reduced water consumption compared to surface irrigation, as it reached (558.38) mm for sprinkler irrigation, and (668.79) mm for surface irrigation. While the method of furrows after borders outperformed the borders only in improving growth characteristics and increasing

This study was aimed description of morphological features of fruits and seeds of eight species related to Brassicaceae family in Iraq, the study showed number of taxonomic differences as the silique was long in all studied except the species Rorippa amphibian (L.)b Besser was short, however the  fruits varied in dimensions where the species Turritis laxa L. recorded the highest average length with (160 mm) while the species  R .amphibia was record  the shortest length (5 mm), in addition the colors ranged from green to brown. This study showed that all of the species was glabrous except Arabis caucasia Willd. was lanute-woolly.  The configuration shapes were linear with exc

This study aimed to investigate the taxonomical relationship among eight species belonging to Asteraceae based on natural products as fresh leaves of eight species (Carthamus tinctorius L., Centaurea iberica Trevir. ex Spreng., Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist, Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist, Launaea mucronata (Forssk.) Muschl., Senecio glaucus L., Sonchus asper (L.) Hill, and Sonchus tenerrimus L.) have been collected from different regions of Baghdad. The phytochemical screening of hexane extracts from eight plants showed different se

This study was conducted at the College of Agriculture/ Diyala University/ Department of Animal production to determine the effect of replacing soybean meal with black soldier fly Hermetia illucens larvae meal on the growth performance and some biochemical blood parameters of common carp Cyprinus carpio L. One hundred and five fish with an average initial weight of 27.46±0.14 g was used in this experiment. They were randomly distributed into five treatments (3 replicate/treatment, 7 fish/ replicate). The first treatments (T1 control group) was fed with standard diet without black soldier fly larvae meal (0% BSFLM), black soldier fly larvae meal were substituted for soybean meal in other experimental groups at 25%, 50%,

In 2021-2022, studies on the biological lifestyle of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) were carried out in the pepper fields of Khoronk community, Armavir marz, Republic of Armenia. As a results show that the flight of the adults of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) starts from the third ten days of May to the third ten days of June. Females lay eggs in piles on the upper and lower surfaces of pepper leaves. She lays 87-173 eggs in each pile. The newly hatched larvae feed on the leaves, causing them to ossify, while the mature larvae feed on the fruit, entering the fruit and feeding on the seeds. After finishing feeding, they descend into the ground and mate at a depth of 2-6 cm. Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)

This study was aimed to evaluation the yield stability of twenty bread wheat genotypes that cultivated at two locations (fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences of Duhok and Zenawa district) during the 2019 - 2020 with two planting dates in each location using randomized complete block design with three replications. The results of the combined analysis of variance showed that the mean square for each of the environments, genotypes and their interactions were highly significant for all studied traits, and the variations due to the environments were greater than those of each of the genotypes and the interactions for most of the studied traits. The values ​​of broad sense he

The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of adding different levels of each of olive leaf extract (OLE) and thyme leaf extract (TLE) and their combination in some physicochemical, microbial, and sensory characteristic of lamb patties stored either at 4c° for 12 days or at -18c° for 120 days. Results revealed that there are a steady rise (p<0.01) in oxidative rancidity, microbial count and free fatty acid in control and treated samples with increasing time in both storage periods. Also, a significant (p<0.01) reduction in TBA, microbial count and free fatty acid was observed in samples treated with OLE, TLE and their combination. Moreover, it was found that addition of 1% OLE and 1% OLE +0.05%TLE are more effe

The objective of this study was to investigate the polymorphisms of three loci (SEMA3E, GH and TLX) that related with growth traits in local quail. A total of 720 birds (males and females) from three lines (desert, brown and white) were used. The results revealed that the effects of the line were significant on bird body weight and carcass weight and dressing percentage at 180 days at age. The Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) value overall birds for body weight was ranged from -9.2173 to 10.0117, these results showed there were significant differences among high and low BLUP value groups in three quail lines under study. The PCR-RF

This study was conducted at the poultry farm Animal Production Department, Abu Ghraib , College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, during theperiod from 10/31/2020 to 12/11/2020. to study the effect of adding two different levels of artichoke  leaves extracts powder to the diet and for different periods  to rations on the productive performance of broiler chickens.One hundred thirty five unsexedcommercial hybrid broiler chicks (Ross 308), oneday old, 42.47 g/  its initial body weightwere used in this experiment, The birds were randomly distributed among three treatments, each treatment contained 45 birds, with three replicates, and each replicate contained 15 birds. The chicks of the first