An experiment was conducted in the Date Palm Research Units labs / College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad to assess the tolerance toward salinity stress in potato after two mutagens treatments in vitro. Potato cv. Arizona and Rivera nodal segments were irradiated with four dosages of gamma rays at 0, 10, 20, and 30 Gray and immersed in (EMS) with four concentrations included 0, 10, 20, and 30 mM. The survival rates after mutagenesis treatments were calculated and 449 lines were obtained. The lines were tested for salinity tolerance by growing in MS medium supplemented with four concentrations of NaCl at 0, 100, 150, and 200 mM and data were analyzed according to the CRD with 10 replicates an

تهدف الدراسة التحري عن تأثير رش حامض السالسليك باربعة تراكيز (1250 , 2500 , 5000 , مايكرمول لتر^-1 ) في تحسين التركيب الكيميائي للنبات والفعالية الضد ميكروبية ومضادات الاكسدة . أظهرت النتائج حصول زيادة معنوية في محتوى النبات من سليبينين , سليفباين أ و سليباين ب للنباتات المعاملة بتراكيز من السالسليك و لغاية التركيز 5000 مايكرومول لتر ^-1 . كما سجلت فعالية ضد مايكروبية بزيادة تراكيز السالسليك . أوضحت النتائ

Natural dye is easier to dissolve in water and to be absorbed by our body than artificial pigment. Anthocyanin pigment combination from different sources is able to improve functional food quality. Soymilk is a white liquid vegetarian functional food which hasn’t adorable appearance. The dragon fruit skin and teak leaves anthocyanin extract combination can be used as alternative natural pigment to improve soymilk’s quality. Dragon fruit skins bright red, while the teak leaves is dark red with higher anthocyanin content. This study aimed to determine the dragon fruit skin and teak leaves anthocyanin extract combination to Argomulyo var. soymilk’s quality. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) one factor (dragon fruit skin and t

This study was aimed at assessing marketing efficiency in the main sites of meat production of calf fattening fields in the private sector due to the importance of meat, especially red meat, which has essential nutrient for human body growth and high commodity prices depending on the measurement indicators used to suit the nature of the research conducted in calves fattening production fields in Gogjali region- Nineveh  (2018). The basic source data of the study is obtained from sources on the ongoing ground- marketing questionnaire of three levels, the producer, the wholesaler, the retailer and two fields groups of caste random sample. The first group included (100) fields with imported cal

تهدف الدراسة الحالية الى معرفة تأثير نوعي بكتريا حامض اللاكتيك Lactobacillus casei و Lactobacillus acidophilus على السمية المحدثة ببرومات البوتاسيوم بتركيز ( 25 و 50) ملغم / كغم بواسطة بعض المعايير الفسلجية في اناث الجرذان المختبرية بعد مدة 21 يوما. استخدمت في التجربة 35 من اناث الجرذان البالغة قسمت الى 7 مجاميع وكل مجموعة تضمنت 5 حيوانات. بينّت ال

In the last decade, tilapia fish species distributed in the Iraqi inland waters. Three species; Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758), Blue tilapia Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner, 1864) and Redbelly tilapia Coptedon zillii (Gervais, 1848) inhibiting Shatt Al-Arab River. They belong to family Cichlidae. They are very similar to differentiate among them using biometry. So, genetic markers used for species discrimination. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) protocol used to examine genetic variation and to generate DNA fingerprints of tilapia fish species in Shatt Al-Arab River. Sixty-two specimens of tilapia fish collected from Shatt Al-Arab

The phenomenon of drought is one of the most significant environmental and climatic extreme events; it is more complex in terms of measuring, monitoring, and identifying the possible effects and hazards associated. The remote sensing index, which included the Vegetation Health Index (VHI), was used to describe the geographic and temporal distribution of the springtime agricultural drought. VHI can be calculated based on the Temperature Condition Index (TCI), Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from MODIS Terra satellite data. The outcomes showed that the droughts in the years 2001–2002, 2008–2009 were th

An experiment was carried out at one of the fields located south of Baghdad during the 2024 agricultural season to study the water requirements of two cultivars of okra, a local cultivar (Batra) and an Egyptian cultivar (Lahloba) under the effect of the previous crop compared with the absence of residues. The factorial experiment included the crop cultivar and the presence or absence of previous crop residues. The characteristics studied for these two factors and their interactions were the water requirement of the okra crop, water productivity, germination speed, plant height, number of leaves, and fresh pod yield. The presence of crop residues led to a decrease in water consumption by the crop (mm) and conseque

The veterinary antibacterial Marbofloxacin (Marbo) is used in food-producing animals, including dairy cows, so the residues of this drug will be excreted through milk. This study was aimed to investigate  a risk of developmental and  neurobehavioral toxicity effects in newborn consumers exposed to the residues of this drug. To achieve this goal, suckling pups of  rats were selected as a model. Four groups of female lactating rats (5 dams for each group – 8 pups per dams) were divided into (A,B,C,D) treated with Marbo (0 (control) , 3, 6 ,9 mg/kg, i.m.) given once daily for 10 consecutive days (fi

 This study was aimed to investigate effect of some growth traits for two varieties of maize (Zea mays L.) to spraying vitamin B9 (folic acid), vitamin E (tocopherol), and arginine acid. A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad, during the fall seasons of 2021 and 2022. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) within split plot arrangement with three replicates was used. The experiment included two factors, the first factor within the main plots represented two varieties of maize (Baghdad 3 and Sarah), while the second factor in the sub-plot represented spraying with vitamin E and B9 at concentrations o

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of spraying nano chitosan loaded with NPK fertilizer and nettle leaf and green tea extracts on the growth and productivity of potato for the spring and fall seasons of 2021.It was conducted at private farm in Wasit Governorate, Iraq, as a factorial experiment (5 × 5) within randomized complete block design using three replicates. The first factor included spraying with four concentrations of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with NPK fertilizer 0, 10. 15 and 20% in addition to chemical fertilization treatment, the second factor was spraying nettle leaf extract 25 and 35 gL^-1 and green tea extract with 2 and 4 g.L^-1, in addition to the control treatment, spraying with

This study was aimed to produce a biosurfactant from Lactococcus sp. and study its synergistic effects with some standard antibiotics. Lactococcus sp. HN21 isolate was selected for its highly biosurfactant production and antibacterial activity. It was identified by 16s r RNA as Lactococcus lactis HN21. Optimum conditions for production were studied and it was: Modified M17 media (M17 media with some modifications in its composition) at ph 6.5, for 96 hrs incubation time. The E24% at these conditions was 77%. FTIR and GC-MS results identified the produced biosurfactant as glycolipopeptide with a major fatty acid octadecenoic acid. P. aeruginosa was successfully

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the winter and spring seasons on some biomarkers and semen characteristics of Holstein bulls (n = 20) during the Coronavirus pandemic period. Semen was collected for 16 weeks and evaluated weekly, along with the determination of some biomarkers. Sperm concentration, live sperm percentage, the concentrations of the most amino acids, essential, non-essential, and total amino acids, all carboxylic acids, omega 3, 6, 9, total fatty acids, and total saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, increased (P<0.05) in semen of spring compared to the winter season. Moreover, the percentage of plasma membrane integrity was higher in the winter than the spring season. The concentration of m

In this endeavor, three types of non-thermal dielectric barrier discharge plasma (NTDBDP) systems are designed and built locally in custom configurations and investigate the properties of the produced plasma. The difference between these systems is the shape and configuration of the discharge electrode, which plays an essential role in defining the nature of the generated plasma. The first type is two circular plane copper discs, the second is two concentric circular rings of copper, and the third is two concentric cylindrical tubes. Quartz was used as a plate or tube as dielectric material. The optical emission spectroscopy (OES) method was used to analyze the p

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection on Immune  organs and Immune response of ND vaccine in broiler chickens .210 day- old Broiler chicks were  randomly assigned to seven equal groups as following  G1: control  was not received any treatment, G2: only M. gallisepticum infection, G3: only ND vaccine, G4 ND vaccine and M. gallisepticum infection  , G5: ND vaccine and M. gallisepticum infection and treated with probiotic G6: ND vaccine and M. gallisepticum infection  and  treated with Glycyrrhizic Acid by drinking water, G7 : ND vaccine and M. gallisepticum

A field experiment was conducted during fall season 2021-2022 In order to study the effect of soil as an agricultural medium, organic fertilizers (Vermecompost, cow manure) and foliar spraying of silicon and calcium on skin, bark and cambium ring thickness of three beetroot varieties (Red, Dark Red, and Cylindra). Seeds directly sown in the fields of Station A College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad - Al-Jadriya campus- Within RCBD a split-plot experiment, where the cultivars were the main unites, organic fertilizer, and foliar spray as the subunits, with three replicates, the number

This experiment was conducted to evaluate stadying the effect of different speed of two plows types on some machinary unit performance indicators. New Holland TD80 was used in this study.Three  machinery speeds included; 2.72,4.34 and 6.23 km.hr^-1 which represent  main plot and two plows included; moldboard plow and disk plow which represent sub plot were used in this study. slippage percentage, practical productivity, Field efficiency, soil volume disturbs and fuel consumption were measured in this experiment Split plot design.The results can be summarized as Fallow; The 6.26 km.hr^-1   speed  gave  higher  practical  productivity  0.31  ha.hr^-1, h

This study dealt with comparative taxonomic study for the two species Amarantus albus L. and Amaranthus gracilis Defs. in Iraq . It was included the important morphological characters for roots, stems, leaves ,petioles ,inflorescences and its parts ,floral parts ,fruits and seeds . Also the dimensions and properties of each part have been recorded ,even its colors which helps in isolated and diagnosed the two species, the first one recognized by its white stems while the other one had red stems, also the first species characterized by axillaries sessile  inflorescences with so small florets  while the other one had terminal clusters spike inflorescence . Stamens were three in first species with short f

The research aimed to improve rice yield and income of farmers by managing the soil organic carbon to achieve food security in South Sumatra landscape. This research has been done in agricultural land of Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) District, South Sumatra. This research is an experimental research by using completely randomized design in factorial. The first factor was rice variety (local and superior), and the second factor was six ricefields, namely ricefields of sandy rainfed; loamy rainfed; lebak (freshwater swamp); tidal swamp; and technical irrigation. Composite soil samples were taken from each ricefield and analyzed in the laboratory for organic C content. Rice production data were collected by quadratic methods mea

This study was carried out to evaluate the micrografting success of Red globe cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.) on three rootstocks Ramsey, Freedom and SO4 and investigate the effect of some factors on the micrografting success. Furthermore, compatibility in the graft union was studied. The results showed that Red globe on un-rooted Freedom achieved the highest percentages of scion survival (100.00 %), scion bud burst (60.00%), graft union formation (60.00%), and rooting (40.00%), also longest shoot (2.00cm), highest root number (8.00) and root length (4.50cm). Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium Supplemented with Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) at 1mgL^-1 achieved the highest percentages of scion survival (95.20%), scion bud burst (6

This study was carried out to investigate  thermal treatments, immersing in black seed and flaxseed oils on postharvest quality pomegranate fruits cv. Salakhan . Fruits were randomly divided into two experiments: First, thermal treatment by which fruits are immersed for four minutes at 25, 40 and 50°C in hot water (HW), and fruits are exposed to hot air (HA) for one hour at 40 and 50°C plus control treatment. Second, fruits are immersed for 4 minutes in 1 and 2% for the black seed and flaxseed oil, plus control treatment. Then, fruits are placed in the storage at 5±1 ºC and 85-95% of relative humidity for four months. Both experiments performed by using Complete Randomize Design. The results were indicated that soaking f

This study was aimed to investigat the effects of probiotic, prebiotic and symbiotic on the egg production, suitable egg, unsuitable egg and uniformity reread at deferent stock density. A total of 600 broiler breeder Ross 308 (540 female and 60 male) was used in this study for a period of 48 -64 weeks at two levels of stocking density (normal and high stock density). For each stock density birds were fed diet either control diet (T1), standard diet + 0.15g probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces cervisiae) powder/ kg diet (

Twelve new born Karadi lambs were docked within 3 days of their birth using rubber-rings, and left with their mothers till weaning (2.5 months). Another 12 weaned Karadi lambs obtained from local market were left intact. Following an adaptation period of a week, the docked and intact lambs with an average initial weight of 16.83±1.522 and 19.92± 0.748kg were randomly divided into three equal groups to be slaughtered at 20, 30 and 40kg. Results revealed that overall means of daily gain in weight, dressing percentage based on slaughter and empty body weight, rib eye area and fat thickness were 0.261±0.014kg, 45.956±0.428%, 53.933±0.678%, 11.288±0.488cm² and 2.023±0.76mm, respectiv

This study was aimed to investigate combining ability among maize inbred lines. Randomized complete block design with three replicates was used to study the general combining ability of parents, and specific combining ability of 12 F1s. Combining ability was studied in a partial diallel cross in maize for traits yield and attribute at two locations (Qlyasan and Kanipanka) at Sulaimani Governorate. The cross 3×6 produced the highest value kernels yield and most of the attributed traits as the average of both locations. Mean squares due to crosses, GCA and SCA were highly significant for most traits as the average of both locations. The ratio of σ²gca/ σ²sca was found to be less than one for all traits exce

This study was conducted at the Animal |Production Sciences, College of Agricultural Engineering Science, University of Duhok to estimate the effect of different levels of oleobiotec on the production performance, egg quality of Japanese quail. A total of 105 Japanese quail 17 weeks of age obtained from a local farm and distributed into five treatments with three replicate for each one had (7 quail). Different doses of oleobiotec significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved egg production, egg weight, and egg mass, fed conversion ratio and egg weight uniformity percentage. Concerning egg haugh unit significantly improved (P<0.05) by using oleobiotec while, other egg quality did not influenced with different level of ol

This study was carried out in the poultry field in Jadiriyah, affiliated with the Department of Animal Production / College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad. This experiment used 480 one-day-old, unsexed broiler chicks of the broiler breed (Ross-308) with an average weight of 39.8 g to investigate the effect of adding different levels of turmeric root (CURCUMA LONGA) (CURCUMA LONGA) powder to the diet on some characteristics and physiology of commercial broilers exposed to heat stress. Chicks were distributed randomly and equally between 4 treatments (120 chicks/treatment), and each treatment included 3 replicates, at a rate of (40 chicks/repeat). Chicks were fed on the starter, growth and fin

This study was aimed to measure marketing efficiency and study important factors affecting , using TOBIT qualitative response model for wheat crop in Salahalddin province. Results revealed that independent factors such as (marketing type, crops duration in the field, average marketing cost, distance between farm and marketing center, and average productivity) had an impact on wheat marketing efficiency. This impact varied in size and direction due to value of parameters. Values of marketing efficiency fluctuated within cities and towns in the province. The average value on the province level was 76.75%. This study was recommended developing marketing infrastructures which is essential to efficiency increases. In addition, it is i

A field experiment was conducted on a gypsiferous sandy clay loam soil to examine the effects of blending Triple superphosphate (TSP) with urea on N, P concentrations in plant and growth parameters of broad bean. The experiment was a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The first factor was type of application as briquettes which include T1 (one layer of TSP between two layers of urea) and T2 (one layer of urea between two layers of TSP), the second factor was application depth (5 and 10 cm D1 and D2), and the third factor was application rate (1.0, 1.25, and 1.50 as much as N and P fertilizer recommended for broad bean, R1, R2 and R3). Broad bean was planted and the following growth parameters

 This study was aimed to development and modification the method of analysis for active ingredient in Tamsulosin drug by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) also determined shelf life and storage conditions for Tamsulosin. Chromatographic conditions utilized stationary phase C18 (250*4.6) mobile phase 0.05Nmixture of  di hydrogen ortho phosphate and Acetonitrile 55:45 , preserve the flow rate near (1ml/min) and length of wave has been 275nm, The retention time found to be 10 minute for the HPLC process . The Tamsulosin assay result was found to be 99.93% . The calibration curve linearity analysis results showed a strong linear relationship in the concentration range (10-

The aim of this study was to establish the existence and interaction of TMPRSS2 – ERG gene fusion status with clinicopathological features of prostate cancer patients. This research consisted of 123 embedded formalin-fixed tissues obtained from the prostate tumor patients. The above gene fusion is detected through the technique of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) by means of a triple color probe. Seven samples have not been scored due to technical difficulties and 46 patients have fusion (39.6%), while the remaining (70) have not been seen with fusion. Of the 46 fusion-positive, 17 (36%) were caused by ERG-translocation, of the other 29 (63%) were caused by the interstitial segment deletion between the two gene