Two experiments were carried out, the first at the College of Agriculture - University of Baghdad during spring season 2017 Everest cv. class (Elite) was used to study the effect of foliar application of calcium and magnesium and addition of humic acid to the soil on potato growth and yield, The layout of the experiment was factorial within RCBD design using three replicates. Calcium and Magnesium sprayed with concentrations (0, 500, 1000 mg.L^-1), while the  humic acid was added to the soil with (0, 0.75 gm.m²),  The second experiment included  storage of tubers produced from the spring season, with to study the effect of field treatments  on improving the storability of

The objective of this research was to identify the roles played by the specialized beekeepers associations in the central and southern governorates of Iraq in the following fields .Data management, extension, equipment, coordination, marketing, encourage of innovation , as well as to identify the problems facing the specialized associations ,from sample of 122 respondents ( All members of the board of the specialized associations of 40 respondents,and random sample of 18% of beekeepers belonging to these associations of 457 beekeepers and 82 respondents). The results of the research concluded that the percentage of specialized associations for th

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of marine fungi as a feed additive on the performance of native chickens. One hundred and eighty unsex one-day-old native chickens were used in this study. Chickens were kept for ten weeks and given a treatment supplemented with the dietary marine fungi (1, 2, 3, and 4 ml/kg) in a ration consisting of yellow corn, rice bran, fish meal, soybean meal, coconut meal, L-lysine, methionine, and CaCO3. The data collected were feed consumption, body weight gain, carcass percentage, mortality rate, and feed efficiency. The results showed significant (P<0.05) decreased feed consumption and increased mortality with adding marine fungi. They did not affect the body weight, carcass pe

A field experiment was conducted during the spring season of 2017 at AL-Ramadi district, AL-Anbar Governorate, Iraq. The research was conducted in a silty Loam soil, to evaluate of the performance and used exudative irrigation tubes for previous season compared to drip irrigation in some hydraulic parameters: Irrigation systems, moisture distribution, Application efficiency cucumber crop factor of the  and cucumber yield. The experiment was conducted according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Results showed an increase in uniformity coefficient at drip irrigation as it reached 97% compared with 96.2% for exudation, with variation percentage of 8.33% for drip irrigation and 11.32% for irrigati

This study was conducted in the Third River for the extended period from January 2022 to December 2022. A total of 327 Cyprinus carpio fish were collected. The measurements were carried out to show the monthly changes in food selection, some of the functional traits that influence feeding were also measured. The results showed that the highest rate of stomach values containing food was found in the months of May and July, while the highest level of feeding intensity was recorded in November. The results of the study suggested that the standard length for tested fish was 342.5±88.5.mm.  Head length, and head depth were 77.91± 18.12 mm and 64.91± 15.03 mm consecutively. The study concluded that the functional trait

The aim of this study was to identify and differentiate between Fasciola gigamtica and Fasciola hepatica infections in buffaloes, through the application of PCR technique. Also, includes investigate the characteristics of phylogenetic analysis for Fasciola gigantica based on partial mitochondrial DNA. The application of polymerase chain reaction technique (PCR) in molecular diagnosis was exhibited high levels of specificity and sensitivity in identifying both species of Fasciola depend on two different genes NADH 6 for F. hepatica and NADH 4 for F. gigantica. Moreover the percentage of infection by F. hepatica and F. giga

تعتبر الكفاءة التناسلية المتمثلة بالخصوبة، الخصب ومعدل البقاء على قيد الحياة من المكونات الرئيسية لكفاءة الأغنام الإنتاجية. تتراوح خصوبة النعاج العواسية بين متوسطة وعالية إعتمادًا على برامج التغذية والإدارة ، وعلى أية حال ، فإن حجم البطن الواحدة تعتبر منخفضة وعليه لا تعتبر العواسي سلالة خصبة. إن تقديرات المكافئ الوراثي لهذه الصفات منخفضة نوعًا ما وتعكس التباين ال

The present study designed  to investigate the hematological and blood biochemical changes in pre and post lambing periods in Iraqi Nuaemie ewes. Ten Nuaemie ewes weighed 35-45 kg and aged between 2-3 years were reared in animal's house of Veterinary College / Tikrit University from October-2018 to March-2019, Ten ml of blood samples were collected from each animal during the periods of last gestation month, at lambing and 2 weeks thereafter, Two and half ml of blood samples were collected in EDTA- containing tubes to determine the hematological parameters and the remaining was used to separate serum and stored at -20 °c for blood biochemical assessment. The results   revealed decreased <

This research was aimed to study the management of water resources within international basins, among which is the study of water authorities within the Greater Zab River Basin (GZRB) in the Kurdistan region - Iraq, where it is an international river shared by Iraq and Turkey, and aims to develop the river basin management and international cooperation between the authorities Shared water within the basin, as well as identifying factors that affect implementation, the principles, and joint projects. On the other hand, the interactions of water users competing for water inside the river basin were identified. For this reason, the Water Evaluation Analysis Planning (WEAP) model was applied to the basin to determine the optimal GZR

An experiment was conducted to evaluate fertility, hatchability, egg weight and egg production traits from three different lines of local quails. A total number of 945 eggs (334, 321 and 290 for desert, brown and white, respectively), from 20 weeks of age were used in the study. White quail significantly (P≤0.05) produce higher egg weight (12.79 ± 0.08 g), chicks' weight (8.89± 0.02 g), percentage of mortality (2.34 ± 0.70 %) and Hen-day egg production (79.33 ± 0.98 %) comparing with other local quails. While local brown quail have significantly (P≤0.05) higher percentages of fertility and hatchability which averaged 79.11 and 86.80%, respectively. The higher total number of egg and low m

This study was conducted to determine the nature of the mineral structure and properties of carbonate minerals of the sediments of the Main downstream and their effect on the chemical behavior of nickel and cobalt in five areas of Baghdad Governorate: Abu Ghraib, Al-Radwaniyah, Al-Yusufiyah, Al-Mahmoudiyah, and Al-Latifiyah. The results showed a difference, to the clay minerals of the water stream sediments. The presence of clay minerals such as mica, smectite, true chlorite, and swollen chlorite was observed in varying proportions, and the latter appeared more at the end of the study area. While a decrease in the percentage of kaolinite minerals was observed, a difference was observed in the quantity and properties of carbonate

This study was aimed to investigate effect of phosphorus, silicon, and citric acid on anatomical traits of pepper, This research was conducted at research stations, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Jadiriyah Campus, during 2021-2022 season. The study employed factorial experiment within randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The first factor included three levels of phosphorus (p) ( 0, 160, and 320 kg Ha^-1 P₂O₅), the second factor included three levels of potassium silicate (s) ( 0, 75, and 100 kg Ha^-1), while the third factor included four levels of citric acid (c ) ( 0, 2, 4, and 6 kg Ha^-1). The results revealed th

The following study was conducted to investigate the correlation between the expression of three different genes (NOB1, DDX47, CD101 (with the occurrence and development of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in Iraq. The difference in the expression of these genes between patients and healthy controls was studied. Moreover the correlation of age and gender with CML occurrence and comparing with control was also examined. Results showed significant increases in mean of gene expression level (ΔCt) of patient groups for all genes compared to the corresponding ΔCt means in control group, also the gene expression folding (

تنتشر عائلة Myrtaceae على نطاق واسع في آسيا وقد كانت أكبر مجموعة من النباتات ؛ بشكل رئيسي الأشجار والقليل من الشجيرات. موزعة في جميع أنحاء العالم في المناطق الاستوائية وشبه الاستوائية. Syzygium هو أكبر جنس ذو قيمة اقتصادية موجود في جميع أنحاء شبه الجزيرة الماليزية. العلاقات التطورية داخل Syzygium غير واضحة ولا توجد حاليًا معايير موثوقة لتقسيم الجنس إلى كيانات

Factorial experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of two factors, molasses (M) and liquid whey (LW) on fermentation characteristics and nutritive value of date palm leaves (DPL). Fresh DPL was chopped into 1-2 cm and treated with treatment solutions prepared by addition of 5, 7.5 or 10% of M together with 3 levels of LW on basis of nitrogen content equivalent to 0, 1 or 1.5% of urea. Ground wheat straw was added to each sample at rate of 50 g. Materials were packed into double nylon sacs and ensiled for 60 days. Samples of DPL were appeared firmly connected and most of them acquired yellowish to light green color with emission of an apple-date vinegar smell. Results revealed that the

This study was aimed to induce and produce a polyploidy Robinia pseudoacacia seedling by different concentrations of colchicine (0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%) in various exposure times (12, 24 and 48 h), using in two experiments. In the first, were applied to the seeds by immersing method. In the second, were applied to shoot apical meristems by dropping method. The results showed significant effects of different interactions between colchicine concentration and exposure period on the seed germination, seedling survival rate and seedling characters. By increasing of the colchicine concentration the seed germination and seedling survival rate decreased significantly in colchicine concentrations (0.15 and 0.2%). Freque

The present study has been done to assess the mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of honey formed by innovative way (HW) in comparison with two  honey formed by different feed sources ; nectar of flowers (HF) and sugar syrup (HS), against the cytotoxity and genotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) in mice bone marrow cells ,which was evaluated using chromosomal aberration (CA).  This search was carried out through two stages. In the first stage, mice were orally treated daily with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) as negative control group, and the other three groups were orally  treated daily with two doses  of the three types of  honey (300 and 600 mg/kg) for  7 a

This study was conducted to determine the description of Mn adsorption phenomena through adsorption isotherms in some calcareous soils at Sulaimani governorate. Soil samples were taken at 0-30 cm depth from five different agricultural locations. Duplicate 1 gm of soil samples were equilibrated at 298 and 318°K with 50 ml of 0.01M CaCl₂ containing (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40) mg Mn L^-1 as (MnSO₄. H₂O). The concentration of Mn determined in solution by using ICP-OES. The amount of Mn adsorbed by each soil samples was calculated. The thermodynamic parameters ΔH°, ΔG°, ΔS° were determined using adsorption data and concentration of Mn in equilibrium solution at two different temperatur

The aim of this research is to identify the role of the agricultural initiative and the supporting devices in the development of palm orchards in Diwaniyah and Muthanna provinces. The aims of the research a questionnaire was prepared consisting (62) items distributed over (7) roles. The provinces of Diwaniyah and Muthanna were chosen for conducting the research. The owners of palm orchards benefiting from the agricultural initiative in the development of palm orchards in the provinces of Diwaniyah and Muthanna were (623) borrowers: including (294) borrowers for the establishment of modern palm groves and (329) borrowers  for the development and service of existing palm orchards. A random sample 20% was selected from the rese

The objective of this research is to determine the current crop structure of Al- Kadhimiya Agriculture Division farms in order to determine the optimal use of the economic resources available for the purpose of achieving optimum crop structure that maximizes profits and total and net agricultural incomes. The study based  on the use of (LP) technique to determine the optimum agricultural production plan with the highest net income  using the statistical program (QSB), as well as (MOTAD) model was used to determine efficient agricultural plans (Income - Deviation) (E-A) and derive plans that take into account the risk margin of each farm plan using (MOTAD), as a model of alternative (LP) models for quadratic programming

A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the impact of humic acid with different levels of saline water on the movement of Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium, and the kinetics of Sodium adsorption ratio in calcareous soil with a texture clay loam using the mixing displacement techniques. The soil was taken from the surface layer (0-30 cm), air dried and passed through a 2 mm diameter sieve. It was filled in columns of polyethylene. A fixed column of water was placed above the surface of the soil column of different salinity water (0.72, 3.00, 5.00 and 7.00 dSm^-1), in accordance with humic acid levels of 0.00, 0.25 and 0.50 g L ^-1. The proce

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of magnesium application on efficiency of some phosphate fertilizers and phosphorus and magnesium uptake of maize. Three types of phosphate fertilizers (Triple super phosphate TSP, Di ammonium phosphate DAP and Urea phosphate UP) and five levels of magnesium (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg Mg ha^-1) as MgSO₄.H₂O were used in the study of. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates were used. The results showed that the UP fertilizer was the most efficient in increasing P uptake, PUE and obtaining the highest response of maize compared with  DAP and TSP. PUE, and they were 75.33,

This study was carried out in the laboratory to investigate the effect of addition of different levels of formic acid (FA) and urea on chemical composition and fermentation characteristics of common reed silages. About 400-500g of silage samples were prepared by treating chopped reed plants (2-3 cm) with solutions containing 10% of date juice, 0.5, 1 or 1.5% of FM and 0, 1 or 2% of urea. Silage samples were packed in double nylon bags and stored anaerobically for 60 days. Results showed that green color was roughly dominant in most samples of silage with vinegar odor. Samples were well aggregated with little mold was observed in few urea untreated silages. Results revealed also that increasing le

Two field experiments of jojoba plants were carried out in Almaghara Research and Production Station followed to Desert Research Center, Agriculture Ministry, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt, at 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, Respectively. Therefor to study the influence yield of five clones (S-L, S-610, S- 700, S-B and S-G) under foliar spray of salicylic acid, ascorbic acid and proline [(50:50:50(conc. 1); 100:100:100 (conc. 2) and 200:200:200 ppm (conic. 3)] on jojoba plants at four and fourteen years old from planting.  The experiment was conducted as split plot design, were varieties order in the main plots and treatments in sub plots, uisg three replicates. esults showed that the foliar appli

The aim of this work was to check the presence of the dumping from neighboring countries of Iraq, Turkey and Jordan. The margin of dumping was calculated by taking the difference between the normal value and the export price. If it exceeds 2%, then there is dumping. Product dumping in Iraq has increased since 2003, and it is increasing from year to year for many types of agricultural and food commodities. Main reasons are the high rate of imports and the absence of trade policies represented by customs tariffs which in turn control the trade exchange. The research concluded that there is an intentional dumping in the trade of some agricultural commodities with Iraq from neighboring countries. Trade exchange with these countries h

 The study was aimed to design the  landscape on the sides of Baghdad-Babel road and landscaping the aspects of this section of the road length of 1 km, which represents the main entrance of the province of Babel, which is the municipality of Alexandria to achieve the strategy of beautiful roads through the appropriate selection of types of vegetation and emphasis on local species and adapted to environment and soil, which is one of the main factors in the conservation of vegetation on the sides of the roads, as well as the preparation of a design proposal for a rest area on the right side of the section of the road under study to an area of ​​270,14.108 m² is not intended for any future use, its cur

This experiment was aimed to investigate the efficacy of MiaClost (Bacillus subtillis PB6 and Enterococuss faecium) as an alternative to antibiotic (zinc bacitracin) on performance and gut health of broiler chickens under Escherichai coli (E. coli) challenge model. A feeding study was conducted using 240-day-old Ross 308 chicks that were randomly assigned to 5 treatments each with 4 replicates and reared in two different rooms. Four treatments including (positive control, antibiotic, MiaClost 1 and MiaClost 2 ) were challenged with E. coli and reared in room1, however the fifth treatment was used as Negative control (nonchallenged) and reared  in the second room. Birds were challenged with

The study was conducted in the Central Laboratory of Plant Tissue Culture - College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad for the period from October 2021 to August 2022 with the aim of tissue propagation of the Phalaenopsis amabilis L. orchid plant. The study consisted of five sequential experiments (sterilization, initiation, multiplication, rooting, and acclimatization) in order to obtain the best treatment for the next experiment. The results showed that the best treatment for sterilizing the nodules was 15 ml of commercial bleach for 15 minutes. As for the Initiation stage, the nodules were stimulated on MS medium containing 60 ml L^-1 coconut water, which amounted to 100%. As for th

In 2021-2022, studies on the biological lifestyle of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) were carried out in the pepper fields of Khoronk community, Armavir marz, Republic of Armenia. As a results show that the flight of the adults of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) starts from the third ten days of May to the third ten days of June. Females lay eggs in piles on the upper and lower surfaces of pepper leaves. She lays 87-173 eggs in each pile. The newly hatched larvae feed on the leaves, causing them to ossify, while the mature larvae feed on the fruit, entering the fruit and feeding on the seeds. After finishing feeding, they descend into the ground and mate at a depth of 2-6 cm. Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)

This study was aimed to estimate the influence of Conocarpus erectus L. residues, and some micronutrients on growth and production of potato. This research was conducted at one of the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad. The experiment was implemented using factorial arrangement (4X3X3) within randomized complete block design with three replicates. Conocarpus fertilizer was represented the first factor with three levels (7.5, 15, 30 ton.ha^-1), which symbolized (C2, C3, C4). Mineral fertilizer as recommended dose as a control, which symbolized (C1). The second factor was foliar spraying with three levels of iron (0, 100, 2