This study was aimed to investigate vegetative growth indicators of four oat cultivars (Genzania, Shefa, Carrolup, and Hamel) at seeding rates of 80, 100, and 120 kg ha⁻¹ in a factorial experiment within a randomized block design during the winter season 2022-2023. Genzania showed significant superiority in leaf area, relative growth rate (0.0707 g g⁻¹ day⁻¹), and total dry mass (21.54 tons ha⁻¹). Shefa excelled in tiller count (365.10 tillers m⁻²), while Hamel exhibited superiority in stem diameter (5.68 mm), lower lodging index (39.90), and fewer effective tillers (88.10%). Seeding rate effects included increased plant height and total dry mass, with a rise in lodging index. The

This study investigated the impact of melatonin (MEL) and a short photoperiod on the reproductive performance of local Jordanian goats during the out-breeding season. Forty-five nursing does and five bucks were divided into five groups: MEL with sponge (MS), MEL without sponge (M), darkness with sponge (DS), darkness without sponge (D), and a control group (C). The darkness groups were subjected to a 63-day controlled darkness program to simulate decreasing daylight hours. MEL was administered via subcutaneous implants, and the MS and DS groups received progesterone (P4)-impregnated sponges. The results showed that MEL levels significantly increased (P=0.007) in all experimental groups (MS, M, DS, and D) compared to the control g

The current study was carried out on broiler chickens to assess whether probiotics or essential oils could be utilized instead of antibiotics growth promoters (AGP) in typical feed formulations, to determine their effectiveness. A total of 2250 broiler chicks at one-day old age were allocated into 5 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with 9 replicates per treatment and 50 chicks/replicate. The Probiotic included three strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the essential oil (EO) was a blend of Cinnamaldehyde-Thymol, and the AGP was Lincomycin™. These additives were added to the basal diets (BD) to formulate the following dietary treatments (T): (T1) control-fed BD that is regularly used by broiler far

This study was aimed to show the changes of some blood parameters by the effect of biological and chemical treatment of rice straw ,It was conducted at The Ruminant Research Station in Abu Ghraib / Directorate of / Agricultural Researches / Ministry of Agriculture, for the period from June 1, 2021 until August 27, 2021 (preceded by the preliminary period 14 days), The study included 12 Iraqi buffalo calves aged 5 - 6 months. the calves were randomly divided into three equal groups (4 calves / group), kept in individual pens and distributed among group.T1 (the control group) in which the calves were fed on untreated rice straw T2 the calves were fed on rice straw treated with urea at a rate of 3% T3 the calves were fed on rice str

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the concentration of some fatty acids in seminal plasma and semen characteristics of Holstein bulls with different sperm freezabilities. The semen straws that cryopreserved for two years were divided into three groups according to the sperm’s freezability: medium (MF,73.02%), good (GF,83.76%), and high (HF,91.20%). The sperm’s cell individual motility (SCIM) in fresh semen was superior (P≤0.05) in bulls with MF and GF as compared with HF bulls. Concomitantly, the HF bulls were significantly (P≤0.05) superior to those MF bulls in total fatty acid concentrations. Moreover, HF bulls recorded lesser (P≤0.05) DNA damage percent

This study investigated the effect of different sperm freezability on some semen characteristics and amino acid concentrations in the seminal plasma of Holstein bulls cryopreserved for two years. The semen straws (0.25 ml) that cryopreserved for two years were divided into three equal groups (7 bulls per group) according to the sperm’s freezability: medium (73.02%; F1), good (83.76%; F2), and high (91.20%; F3). The F1 bulls were superior (P≤ 0.05) in sperm’s cell individual motility (SCIM) for fresh semen as compared with F2 and F3 bulls. The F2 and F3 groups were superior (P≤ 0.01) to the F1 group in live sperm percentage at cryopreservation. The sperm’s DNA damage percentage was lesser (P≤ 0.05) in the F1 and F3 gro

The current study was conducted to test Shabout’s (Arabibarbus grypus) sperms ability for long-term cryopreservation under liquid nitrogen (-196ºC) using two different extenders and two different cryoprotectants to compare and chose the best. The semen of mature fishes collected from Al-Radwania man-made lakes during 2015 spring spawning season were used in this study. The semen was collected by manual abdominal stripping without using any hormones or anesthetizes and its sperms were tested for surviving and activity throw cryopreserving process in liquid Nitrogen using two different extenders (Zhang & Liu vs.  Calcium-free Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution) with methanol in 10% as cryoprotectant for the first

This study was conducted  at the Ruminants Researches Station (25 km west of Baghdad) as well as the Directorate for Agricultural Researches / Ministry of Agriculture, as from the  Reproductive laboratory at the College of Agriculture/University of  Baghdad  from 01/03/2015 to 15 / 09/2015 on sample  94 awassi dams . In order to study effect infection on production traits to growth traits , The percentage of healthy dams was 70.21%, while the proportion of ewes was 29.79% and the differences between the two were highly significant (P <0.01) The results of the current study showed that the percentage distribution of the difference between the parasite type of the sheep infected with the

In order to evaluate soybeans genotypes in two locations, five selected in sixth generation of selection were used with nursery in Baghdad, using RCBD with three replication. The results raveled superiority of selected promising genotypes in growth duration, flowers, plant height and number of branches, and yield component, as a number of plant bodes, 100 seed weight and number of seeds in bodes, especially genotype C, which produced seeds yield  (2758 kg h^-1). Genotypes D was the best in oil content (23.05%), while  B genotype was highest in protein content (43.9%) compare with local variety, which gave lower values for all growth traits, when grown in different environments.

The universities on-campus external spaces represent the urban ecological view, which should be characterized by some environmental parameters that achieve comfort and self-vitality and promote social interactions among university personals. The University of Baghdad, aljadriah campus, was selected as an urban ecosystem for further practical study. Data were collected according to a field survey for selected outer spaces in addition to visual and locational observations. Forms of the questionnaire were randomly distributed among university’s students, data were collected in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS), and means were compared according to the least significant differences (LSD) test.

This research was conducted to study the exploitation of speed and working width for different tractors with best performance rate and lower costs, and study of the efficiency and amount disbursed energy. The research was conducted in the Dibs region in Kirkuk governorate in September 2015, in two different locations of the soil texture, Randomized complete block design by split split plot system with three replications and Duncan test were used to compare the means of treatment at 5%. The results showed the best quadrate interaction  which achieved the best technical results, economically and indicators of the power indicators in speed (6.24Km / h) and working width (120cm) with three tract

This study aims to investigate  the effect of the fortification of soft white Iraqi cheese with some zinc salts at different levels include 100 and 200 mg.kgˉ¹ from zinc sulphate and zinc acetate, on Nitrogen materials and some rheological properties of the soft white cheese during the storage for 14 days. The results indicated that there was no significant effects for cheese fortification with  zinc salts on the percentage of Nitrogen materials during all storage periods. There was non-significant increase the nitrogen materials in the cheese of the control treatment in comparison to the zinc fortified treatments.  The results indicate a significant decrease in the values of cheese brightness of the fortified tr

In current study use local ligninolytic crude extract enzyme (HAMU 8%) to improve IVDMD and reducing lignin content. The result suggest that treated wheat straw (WS), Corncobs (Cc), alfalfa hay (AH), by HAMU increased significantly (p <0.05) in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and reduction in lignin content, However, extra enzyme improvement is shown with Corncobs treated with HAMU (average improvement, 19.84%) and lower improvement was shown in alfalfa hay treated with HAMU (average improvement, 10.07%). The higher reduction (P<0.01) in l

A field experiment was carried out at the College of Agriculture, Duhok University to study the effect of phosphorous levels (25, 30, and 35) kg P ha^-1 in addition to control treatment and five wheat varieties (SDRAA-1, Sham-4, Maxipak, Abugraib-3, and JAWA-13) on yield and yield components of cultivated studied wheat varieties in calcareous soil during winter season (2014- 2015). The experiment units were laid out in the factorial arrangement using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The results revealed that wheat varieties were significantly affected on plant height, protein percent, leaf area, date of flowering, grain weight spik^-1, No. of grain spike^-1, 1000- grain

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of some biological agents like commertial product Richarge which contained basically from Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisoplae in addition to fungal isolate of Lecanilicium lecanii and Metarizhium spp. and insecticide Telstar at field experiment. The infestation percentage on cucumber fruits was very high 100% in all treatment at the beginning of fruit formation during 1^st week of October 2015, meanwhile its reached the lowest level on third week of October were 18.67% in Recharge, 28% in Meta 10⁷ and 37.33% in the control. The results showed that the number of infested fruits was reduced in next ha

Three different calcareous rocks consist mainly of calcite C, dolomite D and its combination C,D were chosen. Rocks Samples Were treated with different concentration of salt Soluations, included CaCl₂ (0.2,0.05 molar) (applied to dolomite samples), MgCl₂ (applied to calcite samples), and combination of these two salts which applied for both (D-Dolomite and C-Calcite). Other samples from carbonate minerals were treated and incubated with FeSO₄.7H₂O and Fe-EDDHA at 20Mg^-1 mineral. These treated samples subjected to sequence of wetting and drying for 120 days under saturated CO₂ atmosphere. At the end of incubation period these samples were air dried and used

This study was aimed to evaluate the role of vitamins C and E on genotoxicity, biochemical and hematological indices in common carp, Cyprinus carpio following zinc oxide nanoparticles exposure. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized (size was < 34nm) and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. About 120 common carp (weight 20.0-32.0 g) were randomly divided into 12 tanks at rate of 10 fish/tank (two (replicates/treatment); fish were fed diet as follows: Control (C) were fed basal diet; T1 fish were fed bas

This study was aimed to chemical analysis of new recorded species Acalypha australis L. Plant samples collected from cultivated gardens and fields as well as road sides. This plant is annual herbs or weed, with wiry stem and simple lanceolate green leaves, and unisexual flowers with special cordate bracts, male flower characterized by separated anther sacs, fruits schizocarpic with 2 or 3 mericarps, pollen grains are 3-4-zonocolporate with irregular granulated sculpturing. Extract revealed a variable gropes of an important bioactive compounds as benzuquinones and its derivatives 2,6-dimethoxy – 1,4- benzoquinones which has an important roles as antioxidants compounds, From anthraquinones group the plant has trihydroxya

This study was aimed  to evaluate  Albizia falcataria with condensed tannin content in the diets on gas production and ruminal fermentation parameters. A completely randomized design (CRD) with fours treatment and five replications had applied in this study. The treatment in this study was fours combined of Brachiaria mutica and Albizia falcataria namely; R0: 60% Brachiaria mutica (BM) + 0% Albizia falcataria (AF) + 40% concentrate (CON), R1: 50% BM + 10% AF + 40% CON, R2: 40% BM + 20% AF + 40% CON and R3: 30% BM + 30% AF + 40% CON. The concentrate formulated using feed ingredients consists of 58% rice bran, 15% soybean cake meal, 30% corn, 1% salt, and 1% multi-vitamin miner

This study was aimed  to determine the practicality of using linear body measurement traits to predict body weight of Tazegzawt sheep breed in the experimental station of INRAA in Bejaia. 38  female and 16 male aged over 2 years were used to investigate the relationships between live weight and body measurements such as scapular-ischial length, withers height, rump height, heart girth, chest depth, shoulder width, hip width, pelvis length and cannon perimeter. Pearson correlations showed a strong positive significant correlation (p<0.001) between BW and rump height (r=0.76), withers height (r=0.73) and the chest depth (r=0.73), with variations by sex. The results of multiple regression and stepwise showed that chest

This study was performed to determine whether active optical sensors could develop an algorithm for N recommendation for the potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.). The experiment was conducted in Maine State, (USA) during the growing season of 2018-2019. Six N rates (0-280 kg ha^-1) were applied on eleven locations under a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with four replications. Data of normalized difference vegetation index-(NDVI) were collected via active sensors, GreenSeeker-(GS), and Crop Circle-(CC). Sensors measurements collected at the 20^th of the leaf stage were significantly associated with tuber yield, where the exponential model exhibited a b

This experiment was aimed to evaluate the effect of amalgamated NPS chemical fertilizer on crop performance and nodulation of soybean (Glycine max L (Merrill)) varieties on acidic soil during 2020 cropping season. Varieties of soybean i.e “Katta” and “Korme” and six levels of amalgamated NPS chemical fertilizer were used in factorial arrangement within randomized complete block design with three replications. Nodule parameters were highly influenced (P<.001) by the main effect of amalgamated NPS chemical fertilizer levels. The highest grain yield (2390 kg ha^-1) was obtained from application of 19(N) 38(P₂O) 7(S), kg ha^-1 .. “Katta”and “Korme” varieties

A field study was conducted during the spring and autumn seasons of 2014 at the experimental farm of Field Crop Department, College of  Agriculture (Abo-Ghraib) - University of Baghdad, to study the effect of Irrigation deficiency quantities and concentrations of Proline acid on yield , its components, water consumptive and water use efficiency of sunflower (Helianthus annus L. ) for Luleo hybrid. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in arrangement of a split-plot with three replications were used. Irrigation treatments, control (depletion  50% of available water) and 60% , 50%  40% of control treatment, were assigned as a main plots. w

This experiment was carried out at laboratories of Agriculture and Marshes College , University of Thi-Qar and at laboratories of agriculture  college , university of  Basra  during 2013 - 2014 . The aim of this study was to    identify the effect of the different seeding rates (80,100,120 and 140 kg.ha^-1)  on viability and quality characters of  four wheat cultivars ( Abu-Ghraib, IPA – 99 , Al-fatih and Al-Iraq ) seeds . Factorial experiments in CRD was used with four replication in two factors . The results showed that there were significant differences between two factors of study and their interaction. The seeds produced  from seeding rate 80 kg.ha^-1 gave th

The research aimed to identify the level of bee keepers innovation to develop and increase productivity in the central region of Iraq , In order to achieve the goals of research a questionnaire consisted of two parts, designed the first part included a bilateral scale to measure the level of beekeepers innovations, consists of ( 46 ) paragraphs Distributed on five fields (bee keeping , the area to take advantage of the bees in environment, the detection of diseases and pests ,the treating diseases and pest control , the field of honey products and peripherals manufacturing ), The second part included a barometer quadrilateral to measure the reasons consists of ( 34 ) paragraphs Distributed on four pivots (environ

This research aims at achieving the following goals:- the first one is to Identify the actual management of the agricultural agent in knowing the agricultural innovations represented by the following (knowledge diagnosis, the acquiring and generating of knowledge, knowledge updating, knowledge planning, knowledge application publishing and sharing of knowledge, organizing and storing knowledge, knowledge observation). The second one is to identify the role of knowledge management of agricultural agent in improving the extension and field activities, the next one is to find out the relation between the aspects of the role of management of agricultural agent in knowing the agricultural innovation with improving the extension activi

 This experiment was conducted during 2022-2023 season in private nursery. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of foliar spraying with polyamine and iron sulphate on growth and flowering of the snapdragon plant, Antirrhinum majus L. The experiment focused on two factors. The first factor involved foliar spraying with polyamine at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 15 mg.L^-1, The plants were treated with polyamine through two rounds of spraying, 15 and 25 days after planting. The second factor involved foliar spraying with iron sulphate at concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 g.L^-1 through two rounds 15 and 25 days after planting. The study followed a factor experiment

This study was conducted at the poultry farm\Abu Ghraib, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, for the period from 12-10-2022 to 22-11-2022 lasted for 42 days to study the effect of individual and synergistic addition of Moringa oleifera seeds and leaves powder to broiler diets on growth performance. 210 one day old unsexed broiler chicks (Ross-308), randomly distributed in to seven treatments with three replicates per treatment and 10 chicks per replicate as follows: T1 (control treatment) without additive, T2: 1% seeds powder, T3: 2% seeds powder, T4: 1% leaves powder, T5:  2% leaves powder, T6: 0.5% seeds powder + 0.5 leaves powder, T7: 1% seeds powder + 1% leaves powder. <

Through previous studies, we have found only a small number of studies that have discovered the effects and importance of rose water for animals. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of aqueous extract of damask flowers water on body weight, carcass weight and measurements, and some histological characteristics of the jejunum and large intestine of broiler chickens. The commercial Ross308 broiler chicks were randomly divided which it number is 250 chicks into 5 groups at the first day (50 Chicks for each group). The chicks were fed a starter diet from the age of 1-10 days, a growth diet from the age of 24-14 days, and a finishing diet from the age of 25-42 days. In treatment T1 plain water

Alnajmi Agricultural project, Muthanna, Iraq, featured with wide salt affected soils, although it is considered as a significant project for irrigated agriculture. Salt affected soils in this project were studied in different methodologies. Micromorphology descriptive study was conducted to get more information about the salinization process in this project. Eight pedons out of twenty-five ones were selected to be examined micromorphologically. Six of these pedons were salt affected, while the other two were none salt affected soils. As a comparison among those eight pedons, saline soils showed different features related to microstructure and porosity, besides coatings as salwans (salt cutans) and calcitans (carbonate cutans). Pa