This study was aimed to determine the impact of Conocarpus erectus L. compost fertilizer, and some micronutrients on growth and production of potato. This research was conducted at one of the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad. The experiment was implemented using factorial arrangement (4X3X3) within randomized complete block design with three replicates. Conocarpus fertilizer was represented the first factor with three levels (7.5, 15, 30 ton.ha^-1), which symbolized (C2, C3, C4). Chemical fertilizer as recommended dose as a control, which symbolized (C1). The second factor was foliar spraying with three levels of iron (

This study was carried out at Qlyasan  location in Sulaimani region (Lat 35 º 34' 307''; N, long 45º 21' 992; E, 765 masl) for F₃ generation of seven pea varieties (1-Avolla, 2-Americana, 3-Jeza, 4-Joneor, 5-Packland, 6-Arvena and 7-Samara). The seeds of 21 F₃ crosses and their parents were sown in Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD).With three replicates. The results showed that the mean squares of genotypes, gca and sca were highly significant for seed weight plant^-1 and most its important components. The parents Americana and Jeza recorded maximum values for all studied characters. The cross AvollaxAmericana recorded the highest value for seed weight plant^-1 and pod weig

The carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) is a model of Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which is metabolized to DMBA-trans-3,4-diol, an intermediate inductive of DNA mutations through alteration of DNA base pairs, initiation of chronic inflammation and excessive production of Reactive Oxygen Species which is very toxic substances in tissue. This study was aimed to investigate the preventive effects of Melatonin. DNA damage was induced by topical treatment of DMBA to the shaven part of mice skin. Animals injected with melatonin (10 mg/kg ) intraperitoneally. mice bone marrow cells were used for the determination of chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei and the percentage of mitotic index. DMBA induced significant elevat

This research was conducted in order to study the effect of explant type and some plant growth regulators on culture initiation of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni in vitro. The experiments included surface sterilization and test two types of explants (shoot tips and stem nodes) and the impact of KIN and BA and IAA and IBA in the cultures initiation. Results revealed the efficiency of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for disinfestation of explant at 0.050% concentration giving less contamination for shoot tips and stem nods (10% and 20% respectively). Results showed that shoot tips inoculated in MS medium plus KIN at 0.3 mg. L^-1

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of using alcoholic extract of yangadnia leaves on some bacterial strain Salmonella typhimiurum, E.coli  and  staphylococcus aures  in 200, 100, 50 and 25 mg/ml concentration using digging method. Minced cow meat 200 mg/ml   was mixed with yangdina extract and stored for 0,2,4 day at 4 C and tested for chemical and biological characteristics. The ruselts showed that the best concetration of inhibition was 200mg/ml and the inhibition zone diameters were 26, 19, 15 mm for S. aures, S. typhimiurm    and E .coli  respectively. In respect to Effect of extract in minced cow the ruselts sho

This study was aimed to evaluate five clones of jojoba plant under the influence of salinity stress which was spraied by gibberellin and benzyl adenine on growth yield and oil. Two field experiments were carried out at Magharah Research and dmting Production which follow Desert Research Center, Agriculture Ministry, in North Sinai governorate, Egypt,  2015/2016 and 2016/2017 respectively, the experimemts wene consist of five clones (S-L, S-610, S- 700, S-B and S-G), (were sprayed by, GA₃ 200ppm, BA 200ppm and GA₃+BA and control) under effect of salinity stress. The experiment was conducted as split plot design having varieties in main plot and IAA, GA₃ sub plots three replicates. The jojoba p

Technology of precision agriculture has caused to the remote sensors development that compute Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) parameters. Vegetation indices obtained from remote sensing data can help to summarize climate conditions. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), as a soft computing methods, are one of the most efficient methods for computing as compared to the statistical and analytical techniques for spectral data. This study was employed experimental radial basis function (RBF) of ANN models and adaptive neural-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to design the network in order to predict the soil plant analysis development (SPAD), protein content and grain yield of wheat plant based on spectral reflectance value

This experiment was conducted to study the association of Ghrelin gene polymorphisms and expression levels with some productive and carcass traits of broiler chickens. Two hundred broiler chicks, one day old Ross308, were wing-tagged and reared under conventional conditions. Blood samples were collected individually of all birds to study of ghrelin gene polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP technique. Proventriculus was collected at 35 days of age from thirty birds of each groups sorted according to high, moderate and low growth rate to measure ghrelin gene expression by real-time RT-PCR. Result revealed that final body weight and weight gain were not significantly influenced by ghrelin gene , whereas body weight and weight gain of males and

This investigation was aimed to study pollen grains of subgenera Prunus and Cerasus. The polleniferous materials were collected from different places of Kurdistan region of Iraq living specimens. Pollen grains of all investigated taxa of subgenera Prunus and Cerasus were isopolar, monad, symmetric, tricolporate, dicolporate and tetracolporate pollens also observed, but very rarely. The pollen grains shape of taxa of subgenera Prunus and Cecasus divided in two groups subprolate and

This study was carried out, to estimate some chemical components of fifteen genotypes of pea (Pisum sativum L.) (five parents+ ten crosses) produced using half diallel crossing system implemented by Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), repeated three times. The Least Significant Difference test (LSD) at 0.01 significant levels was used to compare means. The following is a summary of the study's findings:The mean squares of genotypes, GCA and SCA were highly significant for all studied traits except GCA mean squares of protein which was only significant. The cross (Avolla× Jeza) showed maximum protein and oil% reached 18.613 and 1.287% respectively, while maximum starch% was

This study was aimed to investigate the role of codon usage on infectivity and virulence of fowl adenovirus. The PCR amplicon sequence revealed that loop1 has a hypervariable region and is adjacent to loop2 on Hexon A segment, while Hexon B segment has a less variable region. The fiber gene is similar among isolates, with differences associated with the virus. Most belong to fowl adenovirus-4, with others in type 8b and E. The study revealed increased effective nucleotide codons in isolates 5, 33, 44, and 15 in Fiber gene, Loop2, and Loop1genes. The study analyzed the impact of mutation on codon usage, hypervariable regions 1-4, and the effective number of codons by determining high and low effec

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of some hydrocolloids in improving the physical and sensory properties of gluten-free bread manufactured from millet flour. Whole grain millet flour (T2), whole grain millet flour with xanthan gum (T3), whole grain millet flour with guar gum (T4), unprocessed millet flour with extraction rate of (71%) with xanthan gum (T5), unprocessed millet flour with extraction rate of (71%) with guar gum (T6) ,were used  to prepare gluten free bread beside another treatment manufactured by the same ingredients with replacing the sugar by glycerol (T7).The wheat flour was used as standard (T1).  The results of the chemical composition showed that whole-grain Proso millet flour had hig

In order to conserve the ecosystems and biodiversity of wetland areas, it is necessary to monitor the degradation of these areas. Currently, Al Razzazah lake and its surrounding areas have degradation significantly due to its low water level, which has negatively affected its biodiversity. Hence, this   research aims to propose a method to model the monitoring of spatio-temporal changes in that lake and its surrounding areas with an area estimated at 4660 km² between (1998 – 2018) using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. After conducting the supervised classification by the method of Support Vector Machine (SVM) for all satellite images, we extracted thematic maps, which contain five c

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Mycoplasma synoviae in broiler and layer chickens infected with respiratory signs. A total of 80 samples were collected randomly from layer and broiler chickens with respiratory signs in Baghdad from the period between January to May 2017 from the trachea, Lung, Air sac, oviduct, tracheal swabs, conjunctiva swabs, choanal swabs, and nasal swabs and cultured in PPLO medium with supplements, then positive culture subjected to DNA extracted and Polymerase Chain Reaction assay (PCR) to detect Mycoplasma as a genus and Mycoplasma spp by using specific primers targeting16S rRNA gene. The results of culture revealed that the total rate of Mycoplasma<

Betamethasone sodium phosphate (BMSP)  selective molecularly imprinted polymers(MIPs) were based on ion-pair by prepared four polymers(MIPs) using BMSP as the template a well as (Acryl amide) (AAM), 2-Acrylamido-2-Methyl-1-Propane sulphonic Acid (2-AAMMPSA as monomer, used N,N-ethylenebismethacrylamide (EBMAA) ,ethylene glycol dimethacrylate ethylene glycol(EGDMAC), N, N-methylene bisacrylamide (NNMBAAM)) as cross linker and used benzoyl peroxide as initiator . NIPs prepared by using the same composition of MIPs except the template (BMSP). The MIPs were prepared using variation  ratio of monomer and cross linker .These MIPs applicate as solid phase extraction for determination    BMSP in pharmaceutical pr

The wild plant Prangos platychlaena Boiss belonged to the family Apiaceae, is a native plant of Kurdistan-Iraq. The root, leaves, stem and flowers of the plant were collected in the Hlgurd mountain of Kurdistan region of Iraq, and extracted by ethanol solvent to obtain the crude extracts. Our results showed that the phytochemical contents are more concentrated in the initiated growth stage than the other stages and the phytochemical concentration posatively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with humidity.The physiochemical contents such as total carbohydrate, protein, coumarin and dry weight more concentrated in the leaves and flower than oth

Field experiment was carried out at the experimental research station of Nubaria, representing the newly reclaimed sandy loam soils of Egypt. The study was done to evaluate the nutrient status of barley varieties (Egyptian, Tunisian, Algerian and Morocco) grown under normal (75% water holding capacity=WHC) and stress condition (40% WHC). Results indicated that the Egyptian variety El-Arish scored the highest values of N% under normal and drought stress condition and Giza 127 for P and Giza 123 for K in same sequence. The lowest values of N, P and Ca content observed with Giza 2000 variety. As for the Tunisian varieties, the lowes

The current research was aimed to evaluation of suitability  the transfer of smart agriculture in Iraqi agricultural systems so. identifying weaknesses and reasons Identifying proposals for improvement. The input evaluation process consisted of four stages: First Stage: Determination of the set of criteria which the dissemination of the smart agriculture method should be made in the light.. Second Stage: Presentation of evaluation suitable criteria the transfer of the smart agriculture method in the agricultural systems of Iraq in its preliminary form to a group of experts . to express their opinion in the field and items of the proposed criteria and the required amendments for the purpose o

This study was conducted at Poultry farm/Department of Animal Production/College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/University of Baghdad, were divided into two experiments one during summer and second during winter seasons to study the effect of season and sex on productive performance of Pekin duck reared in an intensive system under harsh Iraqi conditions. A hundred fifty, one day old ducklings were used in each experiment. On 14 day of age, birds were sexed then randomly divided into nine replicates (pens) (5 replicates for females and 4 for males). Results indicated that season has significant effects on studied traits. Body weight, weight gain and food consumption were significantly ( p < 0.01 )higher in birds reared i

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of phytase as a feed additive on growth performance and survival rate against Saprolegnia spp.in common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. A total of 120 C. Carpio (initial mass 20.05-20.35g) were randomly stocked into six treatments in duplicate (10 fish/tank) as follows: T1, T2, and T3 were fed the basal diet supplemented with phytase at 1000, 2000, and 4000 IU/Kg diet respectively, while T4 were fed on basal diet plus β-glugan at a concentration of 8.5 g/kg as well as the control group was fed basal diet without any addition of phytase. Results showed after 60 days of feeding period, that the addition of phytase enzyme was significantly (p<0.05) affected on da

This study was conducted at two locations, Qlyasan Agricultural Research Station and Kanipanka Nursery Station, during the 2023–2024 winter season to investigate the effects of organic fertilizer and stubble height on forage yield attributes of grass pea genotypes. A split-split plot design was used with three factors: fertilizer application (F0= no fertilizer, F1= organic fertilizer), genotypes (G1: Local, G2: IGC-2011-62, G3: IGC-2011-35, G4: IGC-2011-9), and stubble height (SH1= 5cm, SH2 = 10cm). Fertilizer application significantly increased DFY in Kanipanka. Genotype significantly influenced most forage yield attributes, with G1 showing the highest values. Stubble height significantly affected GFY and DFY, particularly in

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (M. ovipneumoniae) is a type of contagious bacteria have respiratory clinical signs; nasal mucinous discharge, sneezing, coughing, dullness, and in some cases with diarrhea and the necropsy findings represent lesions of pneumonia in different stages; pulmonary edema and hyperemia, consolidation, hemorrhage and hepatization.  that causes atypical pneumonia and pleuropneumonia in small ruminants, it is belongs to a group of bacteria named Mollicutes which characterized by its minute genome size and perpetually devoid of the cell wall. The aim of studies indicates the bacterial, molecular, immunopathological and immunohistochemical investigation in sheep with two experimental routs of infection in two p

A set of 60 samples were collected from different sources of multiple areas of Hyderabad (India) in order to select a local Escherichia coli isolates that have the ability to produce HSP70. 26 isolates were characterized after studied the morphological characteristics and microscopic properties of the isolates on macConkey agar and EMB recorded after 24hr. and grams staining was done. The isolated bacteria were screened for various biochemical tests to get 11 isolates that submitted for molecular identification, and the amplification of 16S rRNA regions using universal primer (16S rDNA) verified only 5 E. coli isolates which were sequenced and NCBI accession numbers were acquired. Five distinct isolates (RU-1, R

This research aimed to form a molecularly imprinted polymer by adding aluminum ion at the first step were to the allyl bromide monomer resulted was formation using bulk polymerization. To acquire the highest adsorption capacity, molar ratios of template, monomer, and cross-linking agent, as well as solvents and multiple monomers, were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the produced aluminum. the maximum adsorption capacity of Al-IIP were 0.1531 µmol/g and 0.2362 µmol/g respectively. aluminum adsorption followed a Langmuir isotherm model. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) syringe packed with ionic imprinted polymers (IIP) were used to selective separation and preconcentration for alu

By utilizing Ni-NTA affinity chromatography, the expressed recombinant HSP70 protein was purified, and the SDS-PAGE analysis was used to assess its purity. Purified recombinant HSP70 was used to immunize BALB/c mice, and this had a considerable impact on the anti-HSP70 antibody titers. The results of this study show that the adjuvanted hsp70 injected into the mice had a good immunogenic property. In this study, we measured the effects of HSP70 on catalase stability after exposure it to different range of temperature (40, 45, 50, 55, 60) ˚C, and found that the catalase kept its remaining activity% (99% and 17%) when incubating it in 40 and 60ºC respectively in the present of HSP70, compared to its remaining activity % without HS

The  objective  of this study was manufacturing and testing  a vibration motorized date palm fronds cutter equipment  used to pruning date palm tree, this equipment is man back handling and easily used for cut date fronts base. Gasoline two stroke engine which handle on worker's  back  was used  to provide  a vibration movement for sharp blade to cut the fronds,  machine   consists of many parts includes engine, flexible shaft, fixed shaft, gear case and knife. Three knives cutting angle were used in this research. Frond cutting time ,one palm tree pruning (three rows of fronds)  vibration of cutting level ,noising level and productivity were measured in this study 

The solar dryer is designed and manufactured to dry some medical plants at the  Research Center for Energy and Environment of the Ministry of Industry and Minerals. this experiment was included two factors, where three levels speeds for the fan were selected (0.101, 0.065, 0.056 m3/s)  which represented the main factor  and  three kind of medical plants ,( mint, pepper and ginger).factorial experiment within  Complete Randomized Design with three replications  was used to study the effect of the dried substance type ,air flow rate and their overlap with  studied parameters. The results indicated that when the air flow rate increased, daily theoretical efficiency increased by 6.74%. and the theoretical a

This study was carried out at the experimental farm College of Agriculture; Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad, Iraq during from end of march 2014 to mid of August 2015. The main objective was to find out the effect of zinc concentration (0, 30, 60 and 90) mg.L^-1 on seed yield and its components of four alfalfa varieties (Local, Hamaddan, Vernal and Lodi). Layout of the experiment was R.C.B.D arranged within split –plots with three replications. Zinc concentration were used as main plot, while varieties were used as sub-plot. Results, showed that foliar application of zinc at concentration more than 30 mg.L^-1 (60 and 90 mg.L^-1) resulted in a significant increment in the No. of ovules floret^-1, No. o

The aim of this study was to application of some single and integrated index equation to assess heavy metal in different soil within Erbil governorate. The 15 different locations (Bahare new, Newroz, New Hawler, Hesarok, Azadi1, Zen city, Atconz city, Pank village, Binaslawa, Darato, Qushtapa, Shaways, Kasnazan, Bahirka, Pirzin) were specifically selected to identify the effects of traffic activities on soil properties. Different heavy metal distribution patterns (As, Cd, Cu, Cr and Zn) were determined from distance 5, 25, 50m roadside. Soil pollution was assessed using many indices including: contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (Cdeg), Ecological Risk Factor and

يمكن للعديد من الأنواع النباتية إنتاج مركبات نشطة بيولوجياً, والتي يمكن أن تلعب دوراً رئيساً في حماية صحة الإنسان, وتعد نبات الشيا واحد من هذه الأنواع النباتية التي اكتسبت شعبية متزايدة بين المجاميع الطبية التقليدية, ومن أجل إلإنتاج المستدام لكتلة حيوية نباتية ذات محتوى عالي من الكيمياء النباتية ، يستلزم أستعمال العديد من النهج التكنولوجية الحيوية. وقد أثبتت التجارب البحثية أن استعم