The researchers aimed to develop a novel azo ligand as a continuation of their prior investigations. They synthesized the ligand, identified as N-(3-acetyl-2-hydroxy-5-methyl-phenyl)N-(4-carboxy-cyclohexylmethyl)-diazonium salt, and proceeded to synthesize a series of chelate complexes with Ru⁺³, Rh⁺³, Pd⁺², Pt⁺⁴, and Au⁺³ ions. Characterization of these compounds includes advanced techniques including elemental analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, LC-Mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy plus thermal analysis, conductivity measurements, magnetic quantification using TGA and DSC are used to further clarify the and synthesized complexes have been developed.Analysis reveale

Marshes are a geomorphological phenomenon found in southern and southeastern Iraq. The study area is part of these wetlands located in an arid region, which play a significant role in softening the region's climate as well as its economic and tourist importance. The objective is to assess the environmental geomorphology of the marshes west of Basra, specifically the marshes of Al-Mashab and Al-Salal. Soil and water samples were collected through fieldwork, and the physical, and chemical of the major elements were conducted.

The study area is polluted with high concentrations of major elements in both water and soil compared to the Iraqi and global standards. The north part of the study area shows a high EC value of 17 s/cm, TDS309

High-fat diets (HFD) and high-sucrose diets increase the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. The combination of the two diets reflects the Western dietary trend. The mortality due to cardiovascular disease is still high. Therefore, new treatment options are urgently needed to address the issue, such as through the exploration of medicinal plants. This study aimed to examine the effects of Sida rhombifolia (SR) leaf extract on IL-6 mRNA expression, histopathological findings, and troponin I level in the heart of rats induced by a high-fat-sucrose diet and carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄). Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five equal groups: negative control (C-), positive control (C⁺), and t

In recent years, land surface temperature (LST) has become an increasing concern because of the rise in urban temperatures and the accompanying microclimatic warming. The utilization of artificial intelligence models to predict variations in LST is highly beneficial for assessing and forecasting the dynamic climatic changes occurring worldwide. However, the prediction of LST is a difficult task because slight errors in its short-term forecasts can accumulate to become significant errors over longer periods of time. In this paper, a hybrid model that utilizes a bi-directional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) framework is presented for improving the accuracy of long-term LST prediction. The goal is to forecast the future patterns of LST and

In this paper, a reliability function is found for the special case of cascade model where the model consists of (3 + 1) units and trace random variables that represent the strength and stress Rayleigh distribution, respectively. The mathematical formula of the reliability function was estimated by estimating the parameters of Rayleigh distribution in the five different estimation methods, Maximum likelihood method, Percentile method, Least Squares method, Weighted Least Squares method and Regression method. Using the MATLAB software, A Monte Carlo simulation is performed to compare the results of different estimation methods using the mean square error criterion. The simulation results showed that the best estimation methods for estimat

In this study, a series of novel Mannich bases were synthesized by the conjugation of Vitamin B3 with the medicinal compound sulfamethoxazole. Five Schiff base compounds were prepared via a condensation reaction involving five different aldehydic precursors. Additionally, a compound incorporating an aromatic thiadiazine ring was synthesized. The prepared compounds were characterized using FT-IR, ¹H and ¹³CNMR spectrometric methods, and melting point measurements.  Molecular docking studies were performed to investigate the interactions of the synthesized compounds with three specific bacterial protein targets, namely: 4H2M from Escherichia coli, 3FYV from Staphylococcus aureus, and 6P4T from Salmonella Besides. Doc

The larger public key techniques in RSA that are currently applied utilize 1024 bits for parameters. The NIST recommends that systems with 1024 bits are suitable for employment until 2010. Then, NIST advises that systems be updated to render security at a high level. One solution is to exploit the previous years of research and analysis in public key and move from former algorithms for public key to the Elliptic Curve (EC). This study suggests a public key technique that is faster than ElGamal ECC. The method in this paper is constructed by two standard methods: the Menezes-Vanstone ECC (MVECC) and the ElGamal ECC. The method is a hybrid of symmetric and asymmetric techniques to generate an asymmetric method. The proposed method does not

Recently, the number of insiders of computer networks in companies has increased. Some insiders can be detected when they perform outside activities, such as sending a file or opening blocked websites, to enter the company network. Another class of insiders is the company's employees, and it is difficult to identify them. And here lies the problem—the taxonomies of insiders and insider threats. The survey method is one of the most widely used approaches to constructing a taxonomy of insiders. This method is based on the analysis of materials from investigations of computer security incidents conducted by computer security specialists. Based on the incidents investigated, it is possible to categorize studies using technical and psychoso

Background: In Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), Yad and Ygi fimbriae are associated with the colonization of the bladder.

Methods: A total of 200 urine samples were gathered from Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) patients to isolate Escherichia coli using Hichrome E. coli and Hichrome UTI agar media. Susceptibility of Uropathogenic E. coli isolates to 16 different antibiotics was determined by using the Disc Diffusion Approach and VITEK 2 compact system.  Congo red agar and tissue culture plates were employed for the biofilm development test. By using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and gel electrophoresis, yadN, ygiL, and draE genes

In recent years, the activities of delivery companies have surged due to various factors, including epidemics, cost-effectiveness, the ease of placing orders, and urban congestion. This paper presents a model for evaluating the performance of delivery companies by analyzing comments available on social media. Assessing a company's performance based on feedback from corporate customers provides a valuable indicator for predicting its future success or failure. The main strength of this paper lies in utilizing a simple dictionary of Arabic and Iraqi dialect words to describe essential terms and leveraging Arab WordNet to enhance the quality of description words extracted from comments. The accuracy values for the four machine learning mode

The primary objective of this work pertains to the examination of a new class of grill topological spaces denominated as AE-space. This nomenclature is rooted in the delineation of said spaces upon a non-empty set, upon which a myriad of topological structures is imposed via an arbitrary grill. The construction of these grill topologies precedes the establishment of our nascent topological construct through the intersection of these individualized topologies. In this discourse, we introduce and rigorously define the notions of AE-open sets and AE-closed sets. Furthermore, we establish the result that the AE-space exhibits the fundamental attributes of a topological space, assuming the absence of pairwise disjoint non-empty sets within th

A series of novel spiro azetidine and thioazetidine scaffolds incorporating an isatin subunit were successfully synthesized. The protocol involved reacting Schiff base derivatives of 7-chloroisatin with phenyl isocyanate or phenyl thioisocyanate. The new derivatives were obtained in excellent yield and characterized by different techniques such as FTIR, HNMR and ¹³CNMR. Furthermore, in silico, in vitro, and in vivo investigations were performed to assess the bioactivity of prepared compounds as antioxidants. The in-silico analysis encompassed the evaluation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties for all compounds, revealing favorable characteristics. Subsequently, molecular dockin

Laser scanning and photogrammetry are two revolutionary technologies garnering an increasing interest in various engineering and construction fields. These technologies offer outstanding benefits, including non-contact remote sensing activities and highly automated and effective large-scale sampling capability that attracts more attention. New developments in remote sensing standalone methods, including range-based and image-based modeling (e.g., Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Structure from Motion- Multi-View Stereo photogrammetry), produce 3D geometrically and physical data that is more exhaustive, precise, and accurate than ever. However, neither standalone technique can offer higher-quality results than the other due to sensor limita

The main goal of this work is to obtain new geometric properties for meromorphic multivalent functions in the punctured disk 〖 (UD)〗^*=UD\{0}={z:z∈C and 0< |z|<1}, so we presented a new class〖 J〗_(c,p)^(ζ,a) (β,δ,б)  by using Hadamard product. In this paper we obtained many important properties such as coefficient estimates, radius of convexity, distortion theorem, convex combination and closure theorem. In addition, we derived the integral transforms and Hadamard product for functions belonging to the class 〖 J〗_(c,p)^(ζ,a) (β,δ,б).

Specific somatic mutations in any of the three genes—JAK2, CALR, or MPL—are frequently found in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), which include polycythaemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). The rs2736100 in the telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (TERT) increases the risk of MPN disease in Iraqi subjects. This research attempted to investigate the prevalence of TERT rs2736100 and JAK2V617F in Iraqi patients with MPN and normal population. According to the collected data, significant correlation was indicated between the allele T of TERT rs2736100 and the prevalence of MPN (OR =3.3108, 95% CI =1.3828 to 7.9269, P =0.0072). Additionally, we have observed that the allele T of TERT rs27361

The segmentation of aerial images using different clustering techniques offers valuable insights into interpreting and analyzing such images. By partitioning the images into meaningful regions, clustering techniques help identify and differentiate various objects and areas of interest, facilitating various applications, including urban planning, environmental monitoring, and disaster management. This paper aims to segment color aerial images to provide a means of organizing and understanding the visual information contained within the image for various applications and research purposes. It is also important to look into and compare the basic workings of three popular clustering algorithms: K-Medoids, Fuzzy C-Mean (FCM), and Gaussian Mix

     Globally, breast cancer is the common malignancy affecting women and understanding its associated molecular events could help in disease prevention and management strategies. The present study was set to investigate an association between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) polymorphisms with breast cancer. For this purpose, 100 subjects were participated in this work, including 50 female patients diagnosed with breast cancer recruited from Oncology hospital, Baghdad - Iraq and 50 healthy women as a control group. The concentration of antioxidants was measured in the serums collected from blood samples of breast cancer patients and healthy controls. While eNOS SNPs (rs1

        An R-module M is called a polyform module if every essential submodule of M is rational. The main objective of this paper is to introduce a new concept of modules named fully polyform modules. This kind of module is contained in the class of polyform modules. We study in detail fully polyform modules, so several properties of this concept are investigated. Other characterizations and partial characterisations (i.e., satisfied by certain conditions) of the definition of fully polyform module analogous to those known in the concept of a polyform module are given and discussed. For instance, we proved that a module M is a fully polyform module if and only if  M)=0 for each P-essential submodule N of M and for each V≤M with

Visceral leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease on the rise in different regions of Iraq, especially in areas with poor hygiene and among refugee populations. The effectiveness of existing chemotherapy for leishmaniasis is constrained by its high toxicity, cost, and the development of drug resistance. The current research examined various concentrations (ranging from 125 to 1000 μM) of lupeol to evaluate its ability to boost the generation of nitric oxide, which has anti-leishmanial properties, in an ex-vivo macrophage model. Griess assay was used to detect the nitric oxide (NO) production in Leishmania donovani infected U937 cell-line macrophages along 24 and 48 hours post treated. The nitric oxide conc

     The Mishrif Formation in the Rumaila oilfield is a prolific carbonate reservoir with significant hydrocarbon production. However, the role of natural fractures in enhancing reservoir characteristics remains poorly understood. This study aims to characterize and identify naturally occurring fractures within the Mishrif Formation using a multi-methodological approach integrating core and thin section analysis, borehole image logs, and conventional well logs. Results indicate different types of natural fractures, such as open, filled, vuggy, and propped fractures. The open type dominates the field; thus, the potential for oil production from this formation is high. Fracture orientation analysis revealed that the N-W and S-E directi

Dermatophytes are the primary etiological agents responsible for superficial fungal infections worldwide. The current study, undertaken in Baghdad, Iraq, aimed to diagnose dermatophyte species by targeting the ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) region and employing phylogenetic analysis techniques. A total of 104 specimens from hair, nails, and skin scrapings of patients were examined microscopically and cultured on a specific medium SDA with addition of cycloheximide and chloramphenicol. PCR with ITS1 and ITS4 primers was employed for further characterization of dermatophytes. According to results, tinea corporis was the predominant infection (51.9%), and tinea cruris (18.2%). Molecular results revealed that T. indotineae (24%)

This investigation aimed to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium in children residing in Kirkuk, Iraq. DNA was extracted from 64 stool samples that had tested positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts via microscopic examination. The extracted DNA was then analyzed using 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Significant differences were found in the prevalence of parasite in rural community (65.6%) compared to urban community (14.17%). Whereas, non-significant differences were observed in the rate of  infectivity in male (50%) as compared to (29.7%) in female. The results also revealed significant differences between infectivity rate and age groups (P=0.004). In contrast, the use of the PCR sy

     Along the Tigris River is the study area between Baghdad and Kut cities using ten water samples, the current study assesses the pollution caused by heavy metals in water (two samples from drainage water and Eight samples from surface water the water collected from the shore by skimming the surface) on the 4th of November 2023. The heavy element analysis of the study area's water samples revealed that the water had been polluted with high concentrations of these elements (Pb and Cd). The amounts of heavy metals increased as the river flowed southward. This is related to the reduction in the water level of the Tigris River and the frequent discharge of various pollutants, which have led to an increase in pollution. Organic, and th

Stumpff functions are an infinite series that depends on the value of z. This value results from multiplying the reciprocal semi-major axis with a universal anomaly. The purpose from those functions is to calculate the variation of the universal parameter (variable) using Kepler's equation for different orbits. In this paper, each range for the reciprocal of the semi-major axis, universal anomaly, and z is calculated in order to study the behavior of Stumpff functions C(z) and S(z). The results showed that when z grew, Stumpff functions for hyperbola, parabola, and elliptical orbits were also growing. They intersected and had a tendency towards zero for both hyperbola and parabola orbits, but for elliptical orbits, Stumpff functions exhi

This study was carried out to study the ability of producing bioethanol from latus leaves as an organic waste rich with cellulose. The study results show that the pre-treatments (alkali and acidic pre-treatments) increase the amount of the sugar released in the media that is accessible for the bacteria to use in the fermentation. The newly recorded bacteria Klebsiella oxytoca (SAR) was able to ferment the latus leaves and produce bioethanol. The amount of ethanol produced by the bacteria was increased as the experiment period increased, until the seventh day when it began to decrease. In order to increase the purity of the acquired bioethanol, the resulted ethanol was distilled to reduce the water content in the solution, while

This study introduces a series of novel cyclic imides, which incorporate two biologically significant components - the thiazole ring and sulfonamide. These target imides were developed using a method of multistep synthesis. The chosen starting material was the compound sulfamethoxazole, which is known to contain a biologically active sulfonamide. In the first step, sulfamethoxazole was reacted with chloroacetyl chloride, yielding compound [1] (4-N-(2-chloro acetamido) sulfamethoxazole) followed by reaction of compound [1] with thiourea provided a cure [2]. (4-(sulfamethoxazole-].4-y1)-2-aminothiazole) was obtained. Compound [2] played a major role and was successfully included in the third stage of the reaction with various cyclic anhydr

     The majority of the roads in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) are mountainous, with steep ascending and descending slopes and acute curves. Therefore, the road cuts on both sides of the roads usually suffer from slope stability problems exhibiting different types of slope failures. One of the easiest methods to assess the stability of road cuts is the Bejerman Method. It is a field method based on 10 different attributes, which can be measured and/ or estimated directly in the field. The studied area is located in the High Folded Zone, which is a part of the Unstable Shelf and occupies the northeastern part of the Arabian Plate, and is characterized by different types of mass movements; like landslides and toppling, as well as

Hormones play a vital role in regulating physiological processes throughout the human body. These chemical messengers are synthesized and secreted by specialized glands and organs known as endocrine tissues. The aim of the study is to investigate the linkage among different serum hormones including: estradiol, insulin, kisspeptin, leptin, leptin receptor (R), and testosterone with anthropometric measurements like age, body mass index (BMI), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and waist to hip ratio (WHR) in women to find a new mechanism for early detection of various diseases. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted to examine various health indicators among 150 healthy Iraqi women between the ages of

The purpose of this research is to examine the variation in star formation rate for two types of active galaxy models. It also aims to study the relationship between supermassive black holes (SMBH) and the star formation rate (SFR) for 29 samples of active galaxies. These objects have been classified into two types: 19 samples of the Quasar and 10 samples of the Seyferts. These galaxies have been selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), at different time intervals, and they have been monitored twice or more times during a period of approximately 10 years. The results in this article show that the value of the standard deviation star formation rate variability with respect to SMBH in QSO is higher than the standard deviation sta

Fifty blood samples were collected from minibus drivers aged 18-50 years a minimum driving experience of 2 years. The control group involved fifty age matched men who lived in other areas in Baghdad. The results illustrated that the level of both superoxide dismutase and glutathione enzymes were significantly decreased in the drivers group (9.87 ±0.32 µg/ml and 17.73 ±0.41 mg/ml respectively) as compared to the control group (38.00 ±1.78 µg/ml and64.92 ±2.04 mg/ml respectively). The level of catalase enzyme showed a highly significant increase in the drivers group (327.76 ±11.77 µg/ml) as compared to the control group (93.98 ±2.67 µg/ml). The results also showed a highly significant increase in the level of serum tumor n