Neonatal diarrhea of calves is a major cause of economic loss in rearing young
calves. Buxtonella sulcata may be a potential cause of diarrhea in these animals
.This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of B. sulcata infection and its role in
diarrhea in neonatal and young calves. A total of 250 fecal samples were collected
from calves (110 male and 140 female, ages ranged 1-30 day, among which 98 had
diarrhea). Two laboratory tests were used to detect B. sulcata cysts and trophozoites
in fecal samples which are direct wet film method and ether-formalin sedimentation
method. The overall rate of infection was 43.2%. There is a significant difference in
the rate and intensity of infection betwee

The aim of this study is to estimate the pollution levels of heavy metals by using the
genus porcellio sp.as a bioindicator to this pollution.
Four experimental sites in Baghdad were selected (Jadrya, Al-sadr, Al-dura and Algazalya).
the genus individuals were take from the soil of these places and dried then
analyzed by the Absorption Sepctrophotometry. Seven heavy metals measurd they
includes (Pb ,Cu ,Fe ,Mn ,Ni ,Cd and Co).
The results showed that there was a pollution in these places and the higher levels in
Jadrya were in (Cu 8166±0.33 , Mn 5963±0.44 , Cd146±0.08) μg/gm, in Al-sadr
city were in (Fe 99801±1.15, Co 220±0.15) μg/g in Al-dura was in (Ni416±0.08)
μg/g and in Al-gazaly

Maastrichtian Aqra limestone Formation at Maukaba and Zardabe localities were sampled for paleomagnetic investigations. 80 oriented limestone drill cores were collected from these localities, which are situated at the northeast part of Iraq. Following stepwise thermal demagnetization procedures, two main magnetic components were determined; a low-temperature component at (20-200)ºC that is regarded as overprint secondary unstable magnetic component with magnetic direction around the present Earth’s field; and medium - high temperature component at (250-600)ºC which is carried by high coercivity magnetic grains. It shows stable magnetic component. IRM reveals that the remanent magnetization in the Aqra limestone Formation is of a depo

In computer vision, visual object tracking is a significant task for monitoring
applications. Tracking of object type is a matching trouble. In object tracking, one
main difficulty is to select features and build models which are convenient for
distinguishing and tracing the target. The suggested system for continuous features
descriptor and matching in video has three steps. Firstly, apply wavelet transform on
image using Haar filter. Secondly interest points were detected from wavelet image
using features from accelerated segment test (FAST) corner detection. Thirdly those
points were descripted using Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF). The algorithm
of Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF) has been employed and impl

Clustering algorithms have recently gained attention in the related literature since
they can help current intrusion detection systems in several aspects. This paper
proposes genetic algorithm (GA) based clustering, serving to distinguish patterns
incoming from network traffic packets into normal and attack. Two GA based
clustering models for solving intrusion detection problem are introduced. The first
model coined as handles numeric features of the network packet, whereas
the second one coined as concerns all features of the network packet.
Moreover, a new mutation operator directed for binary and symbolic features is
proposed. The basic concept of proposed mutation operator depends on the most
frequent value

In recent years, the iris biometric occupies a wide interesting when talking about
biometric based systems, because it is one of the most accurate biometrics to prove
users identities, thus it is providing high security for concerned systems. This
research article is showing up an efficient method to detect the outer boundary of
the iris, using a new form of leading edge detection technique. This technique is
very useful to isolate two regions that have convergent intensity levels in gray scale
images, which represents the main issue of iris isolation, because it is difficult to
find the border that can separate between the lighter gray background (sclera) and
light gray foreground (iris texture). The proposed met

     Infection with Trichomonas vaginalis and its relation to some diseases have lately had much attention.  The objective of this study was to assess the infection rate of T. vaginalis and its relation to pelvic inflammatory diseases, infertility, and vaginosis. The study also assessed some demographic, clinical, and immunological parameters in women infected with T. vaginalis. The study included 160 non-pregnant married women who attended some private clinics and public hospitals in Baghdad from October 2020 to February 2021. All participants had symptoms of vaginal discharge only or vaginal discharge with lower abdominal pain. The participants were divided into an infertility group (

    As part of our research on efficiency improvement of PERC (Passivated Emitter Rear Solar Cell), achieving very low reflectivity values of solar cell surface is a must. One of the most advance technologies to do so is the use of advanced texturing for the front surface of the cells. This texture, also known as Black Silicon, consists of peaks and valleys of nano metric dimensions and capable of dramatically reducing the reflectance of the front surface. A reflectance around 5%  was reached ,using simulation, when using a Black-Silicon texturing with height of 50nm with peak rounding of 5nm. Even though this texturing may affect other parameters such as series resistance or surface recombination, as a starting point

     A mineralogical study using X-ray diffraction supported by scanning electron microscopic examination on the Paleocene- Eocene Kolosh and Gercus formations from northern Iraq is conducted to show the distribution of clay minerals and their paleoenvironmental implications. Smectite palygorskite, kaolinite, illite, and chlorite are commonly present in varying proportions within the Kolosh and Gercus formations. Association of smectite and chlorite in the claystone of the Paleocene Kolosh Formation refers to marine environment of this formation, whereas development of palygorskite fibers from smectite precursor may relate to post-depositional diagenesis. In addition, the abundance of illite and kaolinite in the Eocen

The aim of this project is to study the efficacy of nicotine (as nicotine sulfate)
extracted from tobacco by- products of the Iraqi Tobacco and Cigarettes Industry
against cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae (L.). On the basis of LC50 values,
laboratory data have indicated a positive correlation between these values and
progress of insect life cycle . The LC50 values for the fourth nymphal instar were 4.9
more than first instar; while it was for apterae 6.5 times more than the first instar for
nicotine sulfate. The alatae were more susceptible to insecticide than apterae, where
LC50 values for apterae were 1.03 times more than that for alatae LC90 for nicotine
sulfate on all stages follow the same

In this study we prepare Cu2O films by using plasma sputtering method on
substrate from glass type Pyrex; we used system of dipole sputtering with magnetic
field. We studied the optical and structural properties to Cu2O and we studied
thermal annealing with 150◦C on optical and structural properties for prepared thin
films with thickness 2000Ǻ for one hour. It showed that the thermal annealing leads
to increase of optical energy gap. We used x-rays diffraction for diagnostic structure
and nature thin film material. the results appear that the thin film is poly crystalline
structure, the thermal annealing leads to drop of diffraction peaks and increase it
edges that's means it become more uniform

In this research the uranium concentrations in (13) different types of natural herb
samples had been measured, and to limit the level of contamination with radio
nuclides. The determination of uranium concentration in these samples has been
done by using CR-39 track detector, the nuclear reaction used a source of nuclear
fission fragments is 235U (n,f) obtained by the bombardment of 235U with thermal
neutrons from (Am-Be) neutron source which has a flux of (5000 n cm-2 s-1). The
results obtained show that the concentration of Uranium were calculated by
comparison with standard samples, and varies from 0.235 ppm in (calum) type to
0.552 ppm in (Lazmender) type, all the results obtained are within th

A design and implementation of images' cryptography system is evaluated in this
paper. This system depends on the idea of allocating a part of a digital image
(possibly the first block of the image) so as to produce the cipher keys for the other
parts. Circles generating algorithm is used to produce keys from the chosen block,
then corresponding circles in other blocks will be encrypted using the located keys.
So in this method encryption keys are brought from the plain-image (source image)
it self using graphics shapes pixels.

In this paper a simulation for a mathematical two dimensional model was conducted
to assess the presence of defocusing due to telescope aperture quality. The point
spread function (psf), Modulation transfer function (MTF), and Fourier frequencies
of binary star are computed in the absence and presence of defocusing. The results
show that the total frequency components of MTF decreases very sharply as
defocusing values goes to 6 and after this value the total frequency changes very
slightly afterward. The relative heights of the second to third peaks decrease rapidly
as defocusing values goes to 3 and slightly changes after that.

The effect of pressure, applied to PMMA sample, on Mach -Zender interference
pattern has been studied.
The effects of length, depth and height of the PMMA samples on the resulting
number of fringes are investigated. The results of the experiments show almost a
linear behavior between the numbers of displaced fringes and the displacement of
the PMMA molecules with the applied pressure in all cases.
Finally, comparing the experimental with the theoretical results, it is found that,
there is a good agreement, in most cases, between them provided introducing a
correction factor which is found to be equal approximately 3.This effect can be used
as a pressure sensor.

The present study has been conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the
aerial plant part (leaves and bark) extracts of D. viscosa before and during flowering
against some pathogenic bacteria for human, plants, and against yeast (Candida
albicans) by using different polarity organic solvents: Ethanol and Diethyl ether.
The agar well diffusion method was used to evaluate the inhibitory actions of these
extracts with eight concentrations: 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 mg/ml. The
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration
(MBC) values were also determined, in addition to compare the results of the plant
extracts with the results of the susceptibility of path

This research has studied the effect of addition glass fibers (woven and chopped)
and Zirconium oxide Nano-particles (ZrO2) with different weight percent to the
conventional poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The prepared Nano-crystalline
ZrO2 powder with particle size of about 95nm was syntheses directly by sol-gel
method. The gel dried at 100oC for 1 hour and annelid at 400oC for 3 hours.
The conventional acrylic resin prepared with 2:1 powder to liquid ratio to prepare
pure sample, composite samples prepared by reinforcing PMMA with woven or
chopped glass fiber (8, 12) wt.%, and reinforcing by (1,2,3) wt.% of prepared ZrO2
Nano-powder.
The structural tests include: (XRD, AFM, and FTIR). The crystallized phas

Clastic-carbonate succession which including the Nahr Umr and Mauddud Formations are represented a part of Albian-Early Turonian Sequence (Wasi`a Group). The present study includes Petrography, microfacies analysis, depositional environment, digenetic development, and reservoir characterization for seven boreholes (Lu-2, Lu-4, Lu-5, Lu-8, Lu-13, Lu-14 and Lu-39) within Luhais Oil field South Iraq.
There are six type of carbonate microfacies were recognized in the Mauddud Formation:- Orbitolina - Milliolids wackestone to packstone Orbitolina wackestone to packstone, miliolids wackestone, Peloidal wackestone to packstone, Ooides to Peloids grainstone and bioclastic Wackestone - Packstone. These microfacies are represented three depositi

The present paper concerns with peristaltic analysis of MHD viscous fluid in a two dimensional channel with variable viscosity through a porous medium under the effect of slip condition. Along wave length and low Reynolds number assumption is used in the problem formulation. An analytic solution is presented for the case of hydrodynamic fluid while for magneto hydrodynamic fluid a series solution is obtained in the small power of viscosity parameter. The salient features of pumping and trapping phenomena are discussed in detail through a numerical integration. The features of the flow characteristics are analyzed by plotting graphs and discussed in detail. When .

In this note we consider a generalization of the notion of extending modules namely supplement extending modules. And study the relation between extending and supplement extending modules. And some properties of supplement extending. And we proved the direct summand of supplement extending module is supplement extending, and the converse is true when the module is distributive. Also we study when the direct sum of supplement extending modules is supplement extending.

Elastic electron scattering form factors, charge density distributions and charge,
neutron and matter root mean square (rms) radii for P
24
PMg, P
28
PSi and P
32
PS nuclei are
studied using the effect of occupation numbers. Single-particle radial wave functions
of harmonic-oscillators (HO) potential are used. In general, the results of elastic
charge form factors showed good agreement with experimental data. The occupation
numbers are taken to reproduce the quantities mentioned above. The inclusion of
occupation numbers enhances the form factors to become closer to the data. For the
calculated charge density distributions, the results show good agreement with
experimental data except the fail to

The present investigation is concerned with measuring the effects of applying pseudo-celor technique on the ther nal images. In this study, therinal images of different scenes were tested the thermal drages are preduced using (Argus Falcon thermal camera from Raytheon Company) with waveband (3-5 & 8-12 micron): Pseudo coloring technique was adopted to make thermal images more perceivable and understandable. Two methods for image coloring (intensity slicing and color shading) were considered with twe kinds of corners distributions funiform and non

Recent studies have proved the important role of fungi in the biodegradation of oil pollutants. The present study aims to find the optimal conditions for the fungi to get the best rate of the biodegradation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) (Naphthalene) compounds. Soil samples were taken from 18 different sites polluted with oil wastes and cultured then obtained 312 isolated fungi from 64 replicates Primarily screening were done on fungal isolates on solid media containing naphthalene the results revealed that 25 fungal isolates gave good growth, 47 fungal isolates gave Moderate growth, 66 gave weak growth and 147 fungal isolates gave no growth on Naphthalene solid media.
Then secondary screening were done on 25 fungal is

The present investigation revealed cytological variations for six species (Eruca
sativa, Sisymbirium irio, Diplotaxis harra, Erucaria hispanica, Schimpera Arabica
and Brassica tournefortii ) belong to the Brassicaceaefamily.The flower buds were
collected from Al-Habania lake that located in Al-Anbar-Iraq. Using ironacetocarmine
squash technique in anther-smear studies which revealed a
chromosomal anomalies such as Lagging/brddge chromosomes, Micronuclei &
initiated delay of four daughter cells.The frequency of abnormalities ranged (0.04 -
0.77%) which indicated the unstable heredity source of most wildplants. The pollen
grains viability was estimated using acetocarmine stain, viable grains had stained,while st

The preequilibrium statistical model, which is used to analyze nuclear reaction data, depends basically on number of parameters including the master equation. A numerical solution for the master equation of the preequilibrium statistical model is presented in this work. One-component Fermi gas model is assumed. This numerical method is shown to give the same accuracy for the simple as well as the more advanced schemes. The present method shows fast convergence for a wide range of physical system parameters. Such a method is applied for two reaction examples that include neutron and proton induced reactions with 54Fe nucleus for entrance energies 20 and 80 MeV. Comparisons with standard solution methods show that the method suggested here

To investigate the effect of electric shock (ES) on morphological variations of faba bean traits, seeds of three varieties of the crop were germinated. When radical was 2-5 mm, seedling were soaked in a 1% NaCl solution for 3h, then transferred to glass container with same solution. Wire with two polar were connected to the container solution and AC current 220 V was switched on for 3,6 and 9 minutes. Seedling then washed and planted at the field in winter 2010-2011,. Factorial Experiment was arranged in randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates were used. Seeds were collected first season of treatments, including the treatment comparison and then planted in the winter season of 2011-2012.The results obtained in the f

Heavy metals contamination in aquatic ecosystems is considered one of the most important threats of aquatic life. Submerge aquatic plants Ceratophyllum demersum in its non living form used for the removal of trace elements. This article studied the ability of the fine powder of C.demersum for the removal of some heavy metals (HM) like copper, cadmium, lead and chrome from aqueous solution with in variable experimental factors. The study occupy two treatments the first included different hydrogen ions pH within a range of 4, 5,6and 8 with a constant HM concentration (1000 ppm).While the second treatment represented by using variable HM concentrations within a range of (250,500,750and 1000 ppm) with a constant pH=7.In both treatments the a

In this study, four sampling stations were selected on the Tigris River (Baghdad region) in order to determine concentrations, seasonal variation and pollution intensity assessment of heavy metals (Cd, Zn and Mn) in water, sediments and Barbus xanthpterus fish in this river. The study results showed that the mean concentration of dissolved heavy metals (cadmium, zinc and manganese) were 0.004 ppm, 0.023 ppm and 0.007 ppm, respectively. Whereas, their concentrations in sediments were 1.38 ppm, 86 ppm and 231.4 ppm respectively. Irregular seasonal variation for concentrations of these metals in both sediments and water. The mean concentration of these metals in tissues of fish muscles were 0.0043 ppm, 0.0023 ppm and 0.03 ppm for cadmium, z

Pomegranate peels were used to remove zinc, chromium and nickel from industrial wastewater. Three forms of these peels (fresh, dried small pieces and powder) were tested under some environmental factors such as pH, temperature and contact time.
The obtained results showed that these peels are capable of removing zinc, chromium and nickel ions at significant capacities. The powder of the peels had the highest capability in bioremoving all zinc, chromium and nickel ions while dried peels had the lowest capacity again for all metals under test. However, the highest capacities were found in a sequence of chromium, nickel and zinc. Furthermore, all these data were significantly (LSD peel forms = 2.761 mg/l, LSD metal ions = 1.756 mg/l) var

The present study was carried out to evaluate the biological effects of chitin synthesis inhibitor, applaud (Buprofezin); on immature stages of mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus. The study showed that the chitin synthesis inhibitor applaud caused biological effects represented in molting failure of larva to subsequent phase or to pupal stage, pupa to adults and mortality. The percentage of the effects differed depending on concentrations used; significantly increased with increasing of concentrations. Also the failure of molting significantly increased compared with mortality at low concentrations and inversely at high concentrations, due to lethal effect of buprofezin at high concentrations. The study of the accumulative death of the fir