The study area is located within the Mesopotamian Basin, the habitat of several oil fields that extract hydrocarbons from NW-SE-trending anticline formations parallel to the Zagros folding belt. The study aimed to determine if discrepancies in bubble pressure values were caused by faults or reefs using historical matching of gas production. The study revealed a distinct Mishrif reservoir seismic graph and seismic reflectors exhibiting many severe discontinuities, indicating the presence of a reef or fault. Field production data matched the fault case more consistently than the reef case during reservoir simulation, as per the well results (C37P, C43P, C46P). The history-matching simulation confirmed the two faults and rejected t

     The magnetic properties of street dust in the north and south of Baghdad, Iraq, have been studied. Fifty soil samples have been collected from heavily Traffic streets. Mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (χ), frequency-dependent susceptibility (χ_fd%), anhysteretic remanent magnetization (χ_arm), saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM), and thermomagnetic analyses were investigated. Mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (χ) is 72.86 × 10^-8 m³kg^-1 and 98.31 × 10^-8 m³kg^-1 for northern Baghdad (BN) and southern Baghdad (BR) (mean values), respectively. χ is well correlated with χ_arm with correlation coefficients (R

The aim of this study is to present the concept of closed-coessential submodule and closed-coclosed submodule, the consideration of certain properties. Allow R be a ring with identity  and define F as a  left  R-module on the left, with H and E acting as its submodules, in that sense ,  E≤H≤F then  E  is called closed- coessential submodule in E of H  (E  ≤_(c.ce)   H ) , if    H/E  ≪_c   F/E  .

On the other hand, a submodule  H of F is known as closed-coclosed submodule, if E is closed-coessential submodule of H in F. Finally, in this article we introduce some properties of these types of submodules under some conditions which are in analogy with the known properties for coessential and coclosed submodul

     Psoriasis is a common, persistent papulosquamous skin illness that affects people of all ages and has a high societal and personal burden. It is associated with various serious medical conditions like depression, psoriatic arthritis, and cardiometabolic syndrome. Interleukin-36a (IL-36a) is a key molecule in inflammation, coordinating the activation of critical pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune cells. The current study involved 84 Iraqi psoriatic patients (PoS) and 67 healthy controls. Real-time PCR and sequencing techniques were used to evaluate the gene expression and polymorphism of two SNPs (rs2305152 A/C and rs895497 G/A) of the IL-36a gene. The findings revealed that the IL-36a gene was up-regulated in psoriatic patien

The aim of this paper to presented a class of interesting fuzzy integral nonlinear equations involving nonlinear fuzzy function of other multi fuzzy nonlinear functions that presented in fist time, the formula under study is an interesting type of a fuzzy nonlinear Volterra integral equation which defined on fuzzy numbers that has lower and upper functions. The Housdorf fuzzy metric space on fuzzy numbers and a fuzzy metric space on a fuzzy continuous functions and the space of all uniform modulus of absolutely fuzzy continuous functions have been given in details. Also the observer results investigated on parameter cases of fuzzy problem formulation, some necessary and sufficient conditions of boundedness and locally Lipschitz for diffe

This  study  set  out  to  assess  the  ecological  states  to  show  that  the  Main  Outfall  Drain  and  the  Southern  Marsh  are  viable  for  irrigation  use  and  the  preservation  of  aquatic  life.  Water  quality  conditions  at  four  sites  were  evaluated  using  the  weight  model.  Samples  were  taken  monthly  to  calculate  the  water  quality  index  (WQI)  for  two  seasons,  summer  of  2021  and  winter  of  2022.  Twenty-six  parameters  were  chosen  to  apply  the  WQI:  Cl^-,  CO₃^-,  HCO₃^2-,  Ca²⁺,  Mg²⁺,  pH,  electrical  conductivity  (EC),  NO₃

Evolutionary algorithms are better than heuristic algorithms at finding protein complexes in protein-protein interaction networks (PPINs). Many of these algorithms depend on their standard frameworks, which are based on topology. Further, many of these algorithms have been exclusively examined on networks with only reliable interaction data. The main objective of this paper is to extend the design of the canonical and topological-based evolutionary algorithms suggested in the literature to cope with noisy PPINs. The design of the evolutionary algorithm is extended based on the functional domain of the proteins rather than on the topological domain of the PPIN. The gene ontology annotation in each molecular function, biological process, a

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common pathogen that causes nosocomial infections. The efflux pump, antibiotic resistance and the capacity to form biofilm are significant virulence factors of K. pneumoniae that play an essential role in infection persistence. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of acrAB-tolC efflux pump genes and whether there is a link between these genes with antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation in K. pneumoniae isolated from various clinical sources. Methods: In total, 174 different clinical samples were collected from Baghdad hospitals. Based on morphological characteristics, culture media, and biochemical tests, only 97

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed disease in women and remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The small non-coding RNA molecule, MicroRNA-208 (miR-208), plays a crucial role in the development and advancement of numerous malignancies, including breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate miR-208 potential as an oncogene in breast cancer by examining its impact on cell motility and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Tissue samples from 25 Iraqi women with malignant breast cancer and 25 with benign breast cancer were analysed. Total RNA was extracted from the samples and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using SYBR Green technology to measure miR-208

The study area is located in the Missan governorate in southeastern Iraq including oilfields (Halfaya, Noor, and Amara). Each field was previously studied separately, it was found that the structures were anticline folds. In this study, the three oilfields and the area between them will be studied structurally in one study to find out the extension of the structural axis of these structures within the Lower Cretaceous period, using 2D seismic reflection data. Seismic data improvement was carried out by using some attributes (structural smoothing, second derivative, phase shift, and trace AGC) to increase the visibility, accuracy, and signal-to-noise ratio. Also, the mis-tie correction was performed to match the interpretation pick at the

The exchange of data between customers and organizations has become a major target for hackers who seek to illegally access this data, compromising the three main components of security information: confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA). Structured query language injection (SQLI) is one of the most common forms of cyberattack. However, most of the previous research has only looked at SQLI attacks that target web-based applications. There hasn't been much time to sort the kind of SQLI payload that the client sent into the vast amounts of data needed to create machine learning models. Additionally, there hasn't been a study that looks at the risks of machine learning models making mistakes and how they affect the three informa

This work investigates the chemical and physical properties of water activated by Hybrid plasma, using argon gas. Two ways were used to activate the water: the first one was done by mixing the argon gas and air at atmospheric pressure at two flow rates of 0.7 and 1.0 L/min, and the second, used only atmospheric air. To study the physical and chemical properties of water, 10 cm³ of distilled water was placed in a container made of glass in the form of a dish with a diameter of 5 cm and 1 cm depth; an AC sinewave voltage of 12 kV, a frequency of 20 kHz, and power of 36 watts was used; the exposure time ranged from 1-30 minutes. The generated RONS (oxygen nitrogen reactive species) were quantified utilizing tools designed specifi

      study developed two electrodes using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) for the selective recognition of Diazepam (DZP). Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was employed as the cross-linking monomer to polymerize allyl bromide, which acted as the functional monomer. DZP was used as the template molecule during the polymerization process to introduce recognition sites in the polymer matrix complementary to its size, shape and functional groups. For comparison, non-imprinted polymers (NIP) were also synthesized using an identical combination of EGDMA and Allyl bromide as the MIP, but without the incorporation of the DZP template. Evaluations are conducted on the slop is 29.31258 and 25.818933, linearity range (M) 5×10-5-1

     Nigerian fermented food is characterized by high carbohydrate concentration. Widely spread yeast strains in the local fermented food waste amass traits useful to biofuel industry. This study aims to identify,    characterize and assess the level of stress tolerance of local yeast strains residing in food waste produced from Nigerian "fufu," a fermented cassava product. Through the use of morphological, cellular, and amplification of TS1/ITS4 and D1/D2 rDNA sequencing, the yeast strains were identified. To test the yeast strains' resilience to stress, different concentrations of ethanol (15% - 20%v/v), sugar (5% - 25%w/v), and temperatures (30°C - 45°C) were applied. Out of the eight yeast strains, the isolate Y4, also known

     Titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TiO₂ NTAs) were successfully decorated with nanoclusters of cobalt by an electrochemical deposition method. This Co-TiO₂ NTAs nanostructure exhibited high compatibility with aluminum chloride\ chloroacetamide (an ionic liquid) and calcium chloride dihydrate\ acetamide (a deep eutectic solvent), leading to significant improvements in the electrochemical properties of the system. Significantly, this led to a discernible augmentation in both potential and current values, concomitant with a decrease in internal resistance. The presence of cobalt facilitated a faster transfer of electric charge, enhancing the overall efficiency of the system. Moreover, the incorporation of cobal

In this paper, the numerical and analytical treatment for  the heat irreversibility of thermal radiation and Ohmic heating on Williamson fluid problem is investigated with various physical parameters and  the new initial conditions which poses arbitrary constants. The governing equations are transformed into dimensionless formulas, the ordinary differential equations obtained are then solved  using the BVP4c and  the differential transform method (DTM) . The heat irreversibility analysis is achieved by substituting the obtained results into entropy generation and Bejan number expressions. The results of  numerical and analytical solutions for various parameters are compared. Fluid motion is reduc

     A novel compound, 8-[(E)-(3-hydroxyphenyl)diazenyl]-1,3-dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione (PAT), was synthesized via the diazotization and coupling reaction of m-amino phenol with theophylline. In addition, complexes of the ligand (PAT) with [Ce (IV) and La (III)] were synthesized. The structural features of the synthesized compounds were examined using several spectroscopic techniques including elemental analyses [CHN], Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H NMR). Other characterization techniques employed were magnetic measurement, molar conductance data, thermal analysis (thermogravimetric analysis, TGA)

The QS World University Rankings have become the most widely used basis for comparing universities across the world. Selecting a university is a difficult decision, and this may be particularly true for international students. The rankings of universities have been designed to help students make more informed choices. Informed decision institutions face challenges in analyzing huge data volumes and ensuring generalizability. This study presents a hybrid deep learning model (CNN-LSTM) that addresses these issues, minimizing data requirements and ensuring compatibility. The proposed hybrid deep learning model was compared with five other machine learning models. It demonstrated the highest efficiency, with a mean squared error of 0.0144 an

Some topological games with soft set theory became important in real life techniques, especially, in economics. Throughout the present work, we introduce new types of soft sets, say, - - -open sets and some of their investigations are studied. In addition, some new kinds of soft separation axioms will be defined, and their implications are studied. Finally, numerous sorts of soft topological games that depend on soft separation axioms are investigated. We prove the important conditions that the first and second players win the proposed games.

The study area holds great importance as it is situated in the historically significant region of Karbala, one of the most religious centers in the entire Islamic world. The Al-Hussein and Al-Abbas holy shrines are religious and archaeological sites, for more than 600 years ago. Karbala has more importance for all Islamic peoples because it is the place of Al-Imam Al-Hussein and his brother Al-Abbas holy shrines and martyr graves of Al-Hussein family and friends whom they had martyred beside him in Al-Tuff battle in the year 61 hijri. The word Karbala means soft earth, but historically, it meant life and safety. According to old Iraqi language the name of Karbala was country of safety. 
   Ghaidan building is located at the cente

This paper represents a suggested a combination of continuous distributions  based on  Truncated Gompertz-G    (tgo-gd[0,1]) and Truncated Gompertz-Weibull (tgo-wd) distributions. Some of the main properties of the suggested combination such as the distribution function (cdf), the probability function (pdf), survival function (Sf), hazard function (Hrf), quintile function (Qf), moment generating function (mgf), skewness ,, kurtosis  , entropy, and maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) for the  proposed combination of  tgo-wd[0,1] have been presented. As well, an experimentally estimation for the parameters  of the distributions using MLE have been studied. After the application, the potentiality

This research aims to construct a stage-structured mathematical model to evaluate the impact of time delay on infectious disease control. The solution's characteristics are described. Every possible equilibrium point has been determined. The local stability of all equilibrium points for time delay values is investigated. It has been shown that the Hopf bifurcation takes place in the vicinity of the endemic equilibrium point. The periodic dynamics' stability and direction are investigated. Numerical simulations were provided to confirm the theoretical findings and understand the effects of varying parameter values.

Associate graph Л(R) is said to be idempotent divisor graph with vertices set V(Л(R))=R^*, if any two non- zero elements a_1 and a_2  are adjacent if and only if a_1.a_2=e, where e is an idempotent element not equal 1. In this work we study and introduce the extended idempotent divisor graph that is for any  two non-zero elements  a_1 and a_2  adjacent if 〖〖 a〗_1〗^(t_1 ). 〖a_2〗^(t_2 )=e , where t_1,t_2  ∈Z and e an idempotent element not equal one, and we give some results for properties such as diameter and the girth of this graph. Also, we investigated rings isomorphic to direct product two finite local rings.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as crucial components of 5G Internet of Things (IoT) networks, expanding coverage and capacity in various applications. While prior research has extensively examined the impact of power control factor adjustments on UAV uplink transmission, limited attention has been devoted to UAV downlink transmission, which is vital for seamless connectivity and quality of service. In this study, we address this research gap by investigating the effects of reduced power control factors on UAV downlink transmission. We use MATLAB simulations to model how user equipment (UE) is randomly placed in a UAV network. We then check the coverage probability and spectral efficiency for UAV altitudes between 200 and 50

Landslide susceptibility maps are essential for planning and dealing with natural disasters in mountainous areas. Soran City, Iraq, was selected to use pairwise comparison models to produce the landslide area's susceptibility map. Three data sources were used to create a landslide inventory map: a satellite image, a field investigation, and previous studies. The satellite image utilized in this investigation is LANDSAT-8, downloaded from the USGS website, consisting of 11 bands with 16-days and 30 m temporal and spatial resolutions, respectively. Consequently, 72 landslides were identified and mapped, with 53 (70%) chosen randomly to create the landslide susceptibility model and the remaining 19 (30%) used to validate the models. Eight l

     The main purpose of this article is to introduce two different new basic analogue of the four parameters Mittag-Leffler function. Some q-integral representations and q-Mellin transforms for these q-analogues are derived. We have also obtained Riemann Liouville-type, Weyl-type and Kober-type fractional q-integrals and q-derivatives for these q-analogues of the four parameter Mittag-Leffler functions as the applications in q-fractional calculus.

     The first step in this research is to find some of the necessary estimations in approximation by using certain algebraic polynomials, as well as we use certain specific points in approximation. There are many estimations that help to find the best approximation using algebraic polynomials and geometric polynomials. Throughout this research, we deal with some of these estimations to estimate the best approximation error using algebraic polynomials where the basic estimations in approximation are discussed and proven using algebraic polynomials that are discussed and proven using algebraic polynomials that are specified by the following points and  if   as well as if   .

  For the second step of the work, the estimatio

       Iraq is a developing country with a high population. In Iraq, heavy metal and metalloid contamination has resulted from both industrialisation and environmental sources, providing serious health risks to the local population. We conducted one of the most comprehensive analyses on the current state of Iraq's heavy metal and metalloid pollution in this paper, which included water, soil, paddy, and rice. A study was carried out to determine the concentration of heavy metals including Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), Cobalt (Co), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (Al), and Copper (Cu) of 39 irrigation water samples, 75 soil samples, 75 paddy samples, and 75 rice samples in two Iraqi governorates (Diyala , and Salah al-

      The Umm Er Radhuma unconfined aquifer Hydrogeochemistry in the Saudi – Iraq border desert was studied to identify the main hydrogeochemical processes and rock-water interaction. The measurements were done using standard APHA procedures. The results indicated that Na⁺ and Cl^- are the dominant ions in the groundwater. The average contribution of cations in the aquifer is Na⁺ + K⁺ ( 26 %), Ca²⁺ (14 %), and Mg²⁺ (10%) ; whereas anions contribution is Cl^- (24 %) , SO₄^2- (20 %), and HCO₃^- (6 %).  The results reflect that the examined water is hard water of neutral to slightly alkaline, slightly brackish, with m

     In this study, an efficient novel technique is presented to obtain a more accurate analytical solution to nonlinear pantograph differential equations. This technique combines the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) with the homotopy analysis method concepts (HAM). The whole integral part of HAM is used instead of an integral part of ADM approach to get higher accurate results. The main advantage of this technique is that it  gives a large and more extended convergent region of iterative approximate solutions for long time intervals that rapidly converge to the exact solution. Another advantage is capable of providing a continuous representation of the approximate solutions, which gives  better information over whole time interv