This paper introduces a novel concept of soft semi-continuous function known as a soft S_p-continuous function, as well as some of its properties. The interrelationships of this newly defined soft function with other types of soft continuous functions are investigated. We prove some important characterizations and derive some of the properties of these soft functions under the soft composition of soft functions.

    The string almost gentle algebras (SAG-algebras) are studied in this paper. Generalizing the properties of string almost gentle algebras has also given. Let   be  the string almost gentle algebras, with quiver  and admissible ideal  of algebra.  We show that the radical of string almost gentle algebras  can be written as a direct sum of uniserial modules. After that the quiver  is constructed from  and an extension of the quiver  is showed.  Also, the quiver  which is a quiver of trivial extension of string almost gentle algebras  has been studied.  Consequently, the relations  of algebra  have been described. As well as, we will show that the algebra    is an extension to string almost gentle algebras. Furthermor

The accuracy of the Bag of Features (BoF) is greatly affected by the discriminatory power of feature extraction techniques. This paper presented a proposed method designed to find the best features technique for constructing a BoF model according to the image classification. It consists of four stages: feature extraction, where detectors and descriptor feature techniques have been exploited to generate different BoF models. Each BoF model is generated depending on what detector and descriptor are used. The BoF models are constructed to represent the images as feature vectors. The classification process is then performed on two image datasets.  Finally, the efficiency of BoF models is analyzed and evaluated with respect to the accuracy o

Celiac disease (CD) is a serious autoimmune disease that occurs in people who eat gluten, leading to damage to the small intestine and nutrients that cannot be properly absorbed into the body. The study population consists of 140 female participants, 100 of whom have CD at reproductive age and are matched with apparently healthy females of the same age. The study was carried out in the Chemistry Department at the University of Baghdad and Baghdad Educational Hospital (Baghdad, Iraq). The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of CD on iron indices in females who have anemia and others who do not. Iron, unsaturated iron-binding capacity (UIBC), Total iron binding capacity (TIBC), ferritin, transferrin

Petrophysical evaluation of well logging data is crucial for exploring and improving oil and gas reservoirs. This involves obtaining reliable information about the rocks and fluids in the reservoir to estimate reserves and make informed decisions about drilling, production, and development strategies. In this study, data from six wells in the Matruh-Shushan Basin were evaluated using Log Quality Control procedures. Two zones of interest, Lower and Upper Safa members, were identified, and quantitative interpretation was conducted to determine the most effective parameters defining reservoir quality: Shale Volume, Effective Porosity, and Water Saturation. Results were positive, with promising net pay for both reservoirs. Numerical models a

An autoclave is a device for sterilizing medical and surgical tools in hospitals and healthcare centers. The lack of electric power supply in some hospitals and rural health centers, in addition to pollution caused by fossil fuels, reinforces the need to search for other energy sources to operate the autoclave. Solar autoclaves can be utilized as an alternative choice in such circumstances. This work describes the effectiveness of the solar-powered autoclave, which is used for wet sterilization. The device is designed from a parabolic dish reflector covered with mirrors that reflect solar radiation toward the center of a focus for heating a vessel. It was found that the highest value of the average energy efficiency was 19 % and the aver

The major objective of the present paper is to study and investigate certain new class of generalized metric spaces namely, -symmetric spaces which is generalization of both -metric space and G-symmetric space. Moreover, employ the idea of the (E. A) property to establish the uniqueness of common fixed points of two pair of occasionally weakly compatible (OWC) maps under effect generalized contractive conditions in -symmetric spaces. Our main outcomes are generalization of various results of common fixed point theorems in the literature. In addition, we are equipping diverse convenient examples that support our major results.

In the current study, the effect of concentration on the viscosity of formic acid, acetic acid, and propanoic acid in an aqueous solution is investigated. The apparent molar volume (ϕv) was specified from density measurements at 298.15 K. A restrictive apparent molar volume ϕv˚ under unlimited dilutions of these carboxylic acids has been determined based on Masson's equation. The B and A coefficients for viscosity have been determined using viscosity data for the Jones-Dole equation for all studies, and a positive value of the B-coefficient indicates strong solute-solvent interaction. The modified Jone-Dole equation was projected using a ratio of mole fractions of solute and solvent.

This study looked at the amount of tropane alkaloids in both the leaves of the mother plant and the callus cultures of Hyoscyamus niger L. It also looked at how biotic elicitation affects the growth of callus cultures and increases the production of alkaloids. The investigation identified and quantified three primary tropane alkaloids (Hyoscyamine, Scopolamine, and Atropine) from both sources. Remarkably, the callus cultures exhibited obviously higher levels of alkaloids in comparison to the leaves of the mother plant, implying their potential as a valuable reservoir for alkaloid production. Concerning the effects of biotic elicitation, the study showed that the application of chitosan (CHT), yeast extract (YE), and fungal extra

In today's world, the science of bioinformatics is developing rapidly, especially with regard to the analysis and study of biological networks. Scientists have used various nature-inspired algorithms to find protein complexes in protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. These networks help scientists guess the molecular function of unknown proteins and show how cells work regularly. It is very common in PPI networks for a protein to participate in multiple functions and belong to many complexes, and as a result, complexes may overlap in the PPI networks. However, developing an efficient and reliable method to address the problem of detecting overlapping protein complexes remains a challenge since it is considered a complex and hard opt

Obesity has emerged as public health problems, potentially guiding to many diseases such as diabetes mellitus type 2 and chronic kidney disease (CKD).  The aims of the present investigation were to explore possible protective effect of Eurycoma longifolia (EL) extract on the islets of Langerhans and kidneys of high-fat diet (HFD) fed rats. Twenty four healthy adult male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into four groups (n=6) and treated for 12 weeks; normal control (ND) group received only normal diet, Group NDEL was received normal diet and EL, Group HFD received HFD only, Group HFDEL received HFD and EL extracts. The animals were scarified at the end of the 12^th week; the kidneys and pancre

Both obesity and diabetes are major problems for the public's health. Both are known to contribute to the development of atrial cardiomyopathy. However, the consequences of obesity on the function of the left atrium(LA) in diabetic individuals have not been determined as of yet. The aim of this study is to compare the peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) measured by two-dimensional (2D) speckle tracking in obese versus non-obese diabetic Iraqi patients. For a study that was designed to be cross-sectional, the data collection period lasted for a total of ten months. In this study, the participants had to have diabetes mellitus type 2. A comparison was made between patients who were obese and patients who were not obese using 2-D speckle

In solving problems from Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and physics, huge efforts should be afforded to obtain accurate and applicable schemes for the derivatives.  Based on the idea of high order polynomials, many sets of  second derivative schemes are derived in this paper. These sets are grouped according to the order of the accuracy of the approximations from order three to order seven. Different types of second derivative forward, central, and backward compact with some traditinal approximations are inrtoduced at each set by the proposed method. The order of accuracy is verified of each scheme using the technique of finding the values of the coefficients for the error terms by matching both sides of the given scheme. Many sche

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has recently been labeled a major threat to public health due to its resistance to almost all commonly used antibiotics. Many factors have been suggested for P. aeruginosa's antibiotic resistance. The goal of this study is to find out what role SIM and NDM, which are related to carbapenem resistance, play in P. aeruginosa isolates from local clinical sources. In this study, out of 110 different clinical specimens, 50 were identified as P. aeruginosa from hospitalized patients. All of the isolates were characterized based on the biochemical test and confirmed using the VitekII compact system. P. aeruginosa isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility using 8 antibiotics, inc

This study aims to determine the total effective dose (external and internal) in the radioactive liquid Waste Hall (WH) in the Radiochemistry Laboratories building (RCL) in Al- Tuwaitha site in order to estimate the radiation risk for workers in this place. The external effective dose was calculated by an indirect method using ThermoLuminescent Dosimeters (LiF: Mg, Ti (TLD-100)) by placing them in the waste hall for one month. The internal effective dose was estimated by collecting eight air samples (environmental samples) from different locations in WH using an air sampler pump (Sniffer) to collect air samples loaded with particles or dust which are deposited on cellulose filter papers (φ 125mm). This was done for two flow rates the lo

Study of the nuclear structure of nuclides used for medical diagnosis using positron emission tomography (PET) is presented in this work. These nuclides are ¹¹C, ¹³N, ¹⁵O and ¹⁸F, which are unstable by emitting β⁺ particles. They have half-lives of several minutes, which make them suitable radionuclides for PET. These radionuclides are produced through nuclear reactions using a cyclotron.  Studying the nuclear structure of these light nuclides is performed through the shell model. The full space of the p-shell model is used for the p-shell nuclei, and the full space of the sd-shell model for the sd-she

The thyroid is an endocrine gland that produces and secretes triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) hormones. These hormones are essential for maintaining body homeostasis. Indian costus is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of thyroid disorders. The aim of the study is to use Indian costus in its particles and nanoparticles to treat the thyroid, which was infected with an overdose of melatonin.  Nano Indian costus was prepared using microwave plasma and pulsed laser deposition (PLD). To determine the most effective technique for creating the Indian costus nanoparticles, the material was examined using an atomic force microscope (AFM) in its bulk and nanoparticle forms. It was found that the microwave plasma method gave better r

This study aims to investigate, using patient studies, the impact of Injected Dose (ID), Body Mass Index (BMI), and image noise assessments in PET imaging. This study included 59 liver cancer patients weighing between 45 and 107 kg. After intravenously injecting 0.1 millicurie (mCi) of ¹⁸F-FDG per kilogram of body weight, PET scans were obtained for 1, 1.5, and 3 min/bed position based on the patient's weight.

Weight, height, and body mass index were calculated using a spreadsheet.

Five regions of interest (ROIs) were placed at the same site in the liver, which was considered to have a homogeneous metabolism, in five successive slices of PET/CT scans to determine the mean uptake (signal) values and their standard

In this work, the glow spectrum from a neon strip lamp, used in homes and all private places, was diagnosed using optical emission spectroscopy (OES), to measure plasma parameters from spectral data (electrons density, electrons temperature, plasma frequency, Debye length). The intensity of the emission spectrum increases with increasing the applied voltage (100-220V). A spectral diagnosis was made of the cold plasma generated by the neon glow system where the glow spectrum produced was prepared for the diagnosis at variable alternating voltages that begin to rise gradually. The diagnosis was made at atmospheric pressure and room temperature of 27 ̊C. The results showed a gradual increase in the intensity of the neon spectrum generated

In this research, linear and nonlinear optical properties of NiO nanoparticles (NPs) dissolved in ethanol were investigated. Linear optical characteristics of NiO NPs were studied using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The linear absorption coefficient (α₀) was 0.88 and 0.57 cm^-1 at 405 and 532 nm wavelengths, respectively. The band gap energy rose from 3.56 eV for a sample with a 10^-7 g/ml concentration to 3.92 eV for the 10^-3 g/ml concentration sample. Using the Z-scan technique, the nonlinear optical characteristics of the NPs were investigated. Two continuous wave laser diodes with 405 and 532 nm wavelengths and different powers were used. The Z-scan system with a closed aperture revealed that

The clinical application of Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) measurement has been proposed in the prediction of qualitative and quantitative aspects of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). The aim of this study is to investigate the role of AMH level and other influencing factors in the outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. The study focused on AMH and its association with infertile women undergoing IVF. The population included in this study was 131 infertile women who sought therapy for infertility at Kamal Al-Samarra'ay Specialized Hospital. They were divided into three groups according to the level of AMH hormone; group A (0.5-1.5 ng/mL, n=52), group B (1.6-4 ng/mL, n=70), and group C (> 4 ng/mL, n=9). Data

This research aim is to activate water using a plasma jet that works with argon gas and to study the effect of the plasma on the physicochemical properties of the water. The plasma consists of a power supply capable of supplying a high alternating voltage of up to 12 kV in the form of a sinusoidal wave with a frequency of 20 kHz. The temperature of the produced plasma (T_e) was (1.028) eV, and its electron density (n_e) was (4.392×10¹⁷) cm^-3 at a flow rate of 1L/min. The physicochemical properties of the water are determined by determining the concentration of each of NO₂, NO₃, and H₂O₂, the pH of the water, and the water temperature during exposure to

The vast development of the technology of embedded systems has had a great impact on the healthcare field. Using low-cost, robust parts, this research proposes an innovative technology and design that enables paralyzed patients or elderly individuals to have a smart room with a voice recognition control unit that works like a joystick for various purposes. The aim is to create an environment that meets their needs and increases their independence, thereby improving their quality of life. The research will show the design of the control unit and present the various applications that can be programmed using voice commands, such as a wheelchair, bed, temperature, lights, TV, and alarm. The voice recognition module will be trained using the

The Mannich base ligand was synthesized in an ethanol medium through a condensation reaction of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole and ciprofloxacin at room temperature. Subsequently, several metal complexes of this ligand were prepared. To characterize both the base ligand and the metal complexes, various techniques were employed, including elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, molar conductivity measurements, magnetic moment determination, and melting point analysis. The results were shown that the metal complexes formed have the formula [Cr(L)₂Cl₂] Cl.H₂O and [Rh(L)₂(H₂O)₂] Cl₃.H₂O, where L= mannich base ligand. Based on spectroscopic a

The study site represents an investigation of a proposed construction site in Baghdad City, in the Al-Nahrawan area, using 2D electrical resistivity and some geotechnical tests for soil samples. A Wenner-Schlumberger configuration was used for 4 parallel lines, each line 120 m long, with 1m spacing between electrodes. Interpretation is made by RES2DINV software. The results showed areas with relatively high resistivity caused by mud cracks and low- resistivity caused by water content (wet soil). The groundwater depth ranges from 5.5 to 5.7 m; these values were matched by comparing with nearby wells using a sounder device. Soil samples from different depths ranging from 0.5 to 4 m were analysed, and the samples consisted mainly of clay &g

Early detection of autistic symptoms can help lower overall medical expenses, which is beneficial given that autism is a developmental disease that is associated with high medical costs. To assess whether or not a kid may have autism spectrum disorder (ASD), screening for ASD involves asking the child's parents, caregivers, and other members of the child's immediate family a series of questions. The current methods for screening for autism, such as the autistic quotient (AQ), might require a significant number of questions in addition to careful question design, which can make an autism examination more time-consuming. The effectiveness and reliability of the test could be improved, for example, by employing data mining strategies. It co

The main purpose of this work is to present the concept of pseudo Rho-algebra as a generalization of the Rho-algebra. We investigate this type behaves nicely in terms of common mappings like homomorphisms and direct products. In fact, we can show identify kernel objects and the fundamental theorem of homomorphisms using Rho-ideals in this theory. Also, some important classes of pseudo Rho-algebra  and their applications are investigated and studied. Moreover, the necessary characteristics for or tantamount to membership in major subtypes of pseudo Rho/d-algebras under these cases are identified. The Rho/d-algebras and pseudo Rho/d-algebras are generated using some new classes of polynomials with two variables that are introduced in this

The study was designed to compare amylin hormone levels and some biochemical parameters in the serum of Iraqi patient with hypothyroidism (hypo) with and without Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study included ninety subjects and was divided into two patient groups: group I, which included 30 hypo without T2DM, and group II, which included 30 hypo with T2DM. Group III included 30 apparently healthy controls. The age range is 40-60 years. A significant increase in body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), triglyceride (TG), amylin hormone, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in patients with hypo and hypo with T2DM (groups I and II

Today, SARS is a viral infection of the respiratory system that causes damage to the alveoli. The virus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome belongs to the family of coronaviruses, commonly known as COVID, which is the same family of viruses that cause common colds. The increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) nowadays provides excellent opportunities to support and improve medical services in societies. In this paper, a developing model of deep learning (DL) is designed and implemented to classify SARS-CoV-2 disease images into two classes: COVID and non-COVID, with an accuracy of 99%. From a performance and accuracy perspective, the artificial convolutional neural network (CNN)-based detection m

Today, artificial intelligence is used to clone human faces, which leads to a new technology known as “deepfakes.” Recently, machine learning (ML) approaches and the use of deep learning (DL) networks have captured researchers' competition to achieve the highest classification accuracy in building efficient models for digital content deepfake detection. Therefore, this review analyzes and compares existing deepfake detection methods based on advanced artificial intelligence algorithms. Thus, deepfake detection techniques were classified into three major categories based on the classifier model used (machine learning, deep learning, or hybrid) and then compared to show the aspects that influence the efficiency and accuracy of the algo