This paper propose to overcome the negative point of the cryptosystem based on the
symmetric group that had been suggested by (Doliskani,Ehsan and
Zakerolhosseini)[1], which is the relatively large memory and bandwidth
requirements for storing and transmitting permutations (symmetric group elements),
our suggestion is to get benefit from the bijection between permutations and integers
and modify the way we encrypt plaintext ( ) from converting to a permutation
(as it is in there suggestion) to converting the permutation (which used to
encrypt the plaintext to an integer and then the cipher text ( . ) will
be an integer and not a permutation which can be decrypted by multiply it with the
number .By such modifica

The New generation remote sensing satellites that are being designed to image
objects on the Earth’s surface with a resolution of one meter and less. It is believed
that such high resolution satellite imaging systems will lead to a paradigm change in
mapping science, considering the high resolution, wide spectral range, and stereo
mapping capabilities. This will be the first time that users around the world will be
able to use satellite imagery to map products on the plane ground at a sub-meter
level. This paper presents the results of an assessment of the horizontal accuracy of
the new generation of high-resolution satellite imagery WV02 one of the Digital
Globe productions for mapping purposes.

Asphalt is predominantly used to construct pavements for roads, highways, and airports. Both asphalt binder and asphalt – aggregate mixture show temperature and time dependent behavior. Rutting or permanent deformation is the leading cause of pavement deterioration in temperature and warm climatic regions of the world and low – temperature cracking is a common problem in cold regions. As the highway pavement infrastructure has aged and deteriorated, more pavements are in need of maintenance, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. This is traditionally done by placing hot mix asphalt overlay.
Four contents of crumb rubber, waste plastic, polyvinyl alcohol, and resol are used. These are (2.5, 5.5, 8.0, 10.5)% by weight of aggregate,

Geometrical parameters, ultraviolet and vibrational frequencies, relative stabilities, and heat of association of the six crown ethers (12O4, 12N4, 12S4, 12O2N2, 12O2S2, 12N2S2) were calculated by HF/STO-6G and HF/6-31G level of theory. The energies were calculated by single-point MP2 method using polarized 6-31G basis functions. The potential energy surface and HOMO-LUMO of these ligands indicate a remarkable change in electron density of 12O4 when nitrogen and sulfur atoms replaced the oxygen atoms which result in a major change in their ion selectivity toward transition (Co2+ , Ni2+ , Cu2+ , Rh2+ , and pd2+ ) and lanthanide (Nd2+ , Sm2+ , Eu2+ , Tm2+ , Yb2+ ) ions . The free ligands 12N4 and I2N2S2 were unstable in gas phase through g

Remote sensing techniques have been used to measure the changes of Iraqi
Marshland's area as well as the changes in the spectral reflectivity of types covered
in the Marshland (water, soil and plants). This study comprises the main three
Marshes in southern Iraq (Huwyizamarsh, Central Marshes and Hammar marsh).
Satellite images of the satellite Terra-Modis on 15/1/2009, 20/4/2009, 21/8/2009 and
7/11/2009 have been selected in order to study the seasonal changes on the marshes
took place during 2009. Result of supervised classification indicated presence on six
land cover classes in marshes.The study shows that the dry soil reflectivity wasn’t
obviously influenced by the climatic factors and that

As a new and promising technology, wireless sensor networks (WSN) plays an
essential part in a large number of modern applications. Wireless Sensor Networks
comprised of small, simple, and inexpensive wireless devices – the so-called sensor
nodes. ZigBee technology provides the framework required to support wireless
networks and fills the gap between the IEEE 802.11 WiFi and IEEE 802.15
Bluetooth standards in terms of transmission range and data rates. Generally ZigBee
classified as a low-rate wireless personal area network (LR-WPAN) technology.
This paper concerns with the use of WSN in one of many applications which it is
patient monitoring. It performs patient monitoring system using ZigBee WS

The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) provides a potential technique for
monitoring the indoor environment. The proposed system consists of several
wireless sensor nodes that are deployed in a building in addition to a local server
hosting web base application for storing sensing data. The widely adopted standard
for wireless sensor network platform is the IEEE 802.15.4/ ZigBee. It is considered
as the “technology of choice” due to low-power, cost-effective communication and
the reliability it provide. This paper will simulate and explore the performance of
ZigBee using OPNET Modeler 14.5. The paper will study and analyze various
parameters that include changing the network topology, number of node

The aim of this research study soil salinity and soil degradation with using data
remote sensing (RS) and Geographic information system (GIS), with using program
(Arc GIS). The integration of data led to dividing the soil salinity map, and soil
degradation. In this research we made group of shape files (geologic, drainage)
depending on a group of maps(geologic, topographic), and use Image
Transformational on satellite images taken different times for this study for reach to
salinity soil map by using (Erdas image 9.1)
At the end of the research we pointed out the causes of soil degradation and
salinization in the study area.

In this research we study the effect of the light distribution on the quality of
captured images under different amount of lightness conditions then enhancing the
captured images by the imaging system using an adaptive histogram equalization
method and Lee method depending on the space YIQ depending on lightness
component where use the reverse of this space to the basic RGB color space, then
corrected using the mathematical model based on human vision system. The results
were analyzed and compute the quality of the enhancement images by using various
statistical criteria based on the mean and standard deviation. Adaptive histogram
equalization technique gives a high quality for the enhanced images

In this paper, an adaptive selective predictive coding method is proposed for
intraframe coding techniques. The adopted techniques overcome the complexity
residual ideal case (i.e., residual does not become random noise) where the residual
still suffers from the existence of redundancy. The suggested techniques attempt to
sift over any redundancy embedded in the residual where the quality improves than
that of traditional predictive coding, selective predictive coding and of fixed
predictor coding.

With the rapid vehicle volume growth on roads, the performance of urban road
traffic systems is a major concern to transportation planners, road users, and all
members of the urban community. The evaluation of the performance measures
relies on the accuracy and reliability of the collected traffic data.
This study investigates traffic speed measurement using GPS technique for parts of
Al-Karada Khareeg road by identify the congested segments. The collected GPS
points were mapped to the highway using "Arc Map 10" program in a GIS
environment. Travel time, speed and congestion index values were measured along
selected highway segments for evaluating the traffic condition of the highways. The
ben

This study aimed to build data base of the morphometric properties in the
Udhaim basin , through analyzing the digital elevation model ( DEM ) by using a
model in a geographical information systems programs , which integrated together
in order to obtain the morphometric variances & measurements. This is done to
understand its hydrologic significances & consequently understanding the water
movement on the surface of the base. The study depended on the data of the digital
elevation model accurately 30 m while the results gave a good matching with the
Satellite images. Moreover, the study shows that the form of the catchment's areas is
closed to the triangle while the main basin does not close

In order to classify a image texture it must be segmented into a number of
regions. each region have the same properties. a circular mask has been used. after
the required region is obtained a intensity histogram and then as set of histogram
features has been calculated in order to classify the required images.
The statistical features of a mammogram are extracted using image processing
techniques. The extracted statistical features are the mean, standard deviation,
smoothness, third moment uniformity and entropy for each of the histogram
intensity and first order statistic a compare between the two

LandSat Satellite ETM+ images have been analyzed to detect changes in
Euphrates river boundaries area at the middle of Iraqi country from the year 1990 to
the year 2001. Changes are determined by applying the rationing method on the
bands 3 and 5 then using Raster to Vector (R V)Transform method .GIS 9.1 program
is used to apply the rationing method and Raster to Vector (R V)Transform
technique then determined the results (changes in boundaries area were calculated).

Studies within the last two decades have pointed out the importance of remote
sensing techniques to deduct soil properties. These techniques showed promising
results as a suitable alternative with lowest cost in compare with other methods used
to measure soil characteristics (10). The aim of this study is to test the relationship
between landsat (ETM + sensor) data and infiltration rate and saturated hydraulic
conductivity of soils with ten different selected soil units. These soils which have
variations in geomorphology and soil characteristics are located at the north of Kut
city (Middle part of Iraq to the left of Tigris river). Statistical Analyses were
performed and statistical models were bui

In the last few years, the world toward attention to the renewable and clean
energy sources in order to reduce the environmental pollutions and reduce the coast.
Therefore, the windmills technology was essential in these applications. In this
paper, the climatic data and geographic information system (GIS) facilities were
used to study and produce the wind speed map on the ground level for Iraq country.
Many Field data, (climatic monitoring) from the periods, (1953-1970) and (1971-
2010) were collected and prepared. The data source was the Iraqi metrological
department, this establishment operates and control wide climatic stations
distributed around country. Many image processing and remote sensin

The three parameters distribution called modified weibull distribution (MWD) was introduced first by Sarhan and Zaindin (2009)[1]. In theis paper, we deal with interval estimation to estimate the parameters of modified weibull distribution based on singly type one censored data, using Maximum likelihood method and fisher information to obtain the estimates of the parameters for modified weibull distribution, after that applying this technique to asset of real data which taken for Leukemia disease in the hospital of central child teaching .

In this paper, a mathematical model consisting of harmful phytoplankton and two competing zooplankton is proposed and studied. The existence of all possible equilibrium points is carried out. The dynamical behaviors of the model system around biologically feasible equilibrium points are studied. Suitable Lyapunov functions are used to construct the basins of attractions of those points. Conditions for which the proposed model persists are established. The occurrence of local bifurcation and a Hopf bifurcation are investigated. Finally, to confirm our obtained analytical results and specify the vital parameters, numerical simulations are used for a hypothetical set of parameter values.

The aim of this study is the determination of the anti-adhesion activity of active compounds extracted from plants in the inhibition of adhesion ability of C. albicans that is used as a virulence factor for infection. Adherence to host surfaces is a primary factor in the colonization of human tissues by fungi, which can also adhere to the surfaces of medical devices and form biofilms. Medicinal plants possess therapeutic properties or beneficial pharmacological effects on the body. A total of one hundred samples were collected from female patients with vaginal infection in two hospitals in Baghdad city for three months. The fungi were isolated and identified by microscopic morphology, morphological features on culture media, and

In the present paper, we will study the generalized ( p, q) -type and
generalized lower ( p, q) -type of an entire function in several complex
variables with respect to the proximate order with index pair ( p, q) are
defined and their coefficient characterizations are obtained.

A series of new 1,3,4- oxadiazole derivatives and cyclic Imides containing Creatinine
heterocyclic molecule were prepared via following method:first step included Synthesis of
amic acid from reaction between different cyclic anhydrides with Creatinine which
subsequently dehydrated to the corresponding imide via treatment with acetic anhydride
and anhydrous sodium acetate,.then,second step was tratedamic acid with Thionyl chloride
producing acid chloride which on amination with hydrazine hydrate in thierd step and the
last turn to 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives by condensation reaction with Phosphorous
Oxychloride(POCl3) and different benzoic acids. Cyclization to 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole
derivatives. Antibacterial activit

One of the most important of satellite image is studying the surface water
according of its distribution and depth. In this work, three images have been taken
for Baghdad and surrounding for year (1991, 1999 and 2014) and by using of envi
program has been used. Different classes have been evaluated for Al-Habania and
Al-Razaza River according to its depth and water reflectance. In the present work
four types of water depth (very shallow, shallow, moderate, and deep area) have
been detected.

A newly developed analytical method characterized by its speed and sensitivity for the determination of metoclopramide hydrochloride (MCP-HCl) in pure and pharmaceutical preparation via turbidimetric measurement (0-180o) by Ayah 6SX1-T-2D Solar cell-CFI Analyser. The method was based on the reaction of phosphomolybdic acid with metoclopramide hydrochloride in acidic medium to form yellowish white precipitate for the ion-pair complex. Turbidity was measured via the reflection of incident light that collides on the surface precipitated particles at 0-180o. Chemical and physical parameters were studied and optimized. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 0.0005-3 or 0.0005- 4 mMol.L-1, with correlation coefficient r = 0.9947&

The wind atlas analysis and application program, WAsP, is used to assess wind
energy potential، wind climate from geostrophic winds of a given area. In this paper,
metrological data from Ali Algharby station was used to predict the wind resource
and wind turbine energy production at Ali Algharby site.
Data from metrological station was used to draw up observed wind climates at the
anemometer site. Site contour map was digitized using WAsP Map Editortool.
Observed wind climate, digitized contour map, terrain roughness length, obstacle
groups and their porosity were used as input to the WAsP model. Vestas V182, 1.65
MW turbine was used. Weibull probability distribution graph of wind speed, power
density were dra

The present study was conducted in the nursery of Floriculture Unit, University of
Baghdad in Iraq during September to December of 2013. Vernalized bulbs of hybrid lily
cultivars were imported from the Netherlands. The experiments were included some
hybrid lily cultivars which represent the main groups of lily (longiflorum hybrids,
Asiatic hybrid and trumpet hybrids). The three lily cultivars named as Tiger (Oriental),
Brunello (Asiatic) and White Heaven (Longiflorum) were sprayed two times, at five
weeks after planting and at eight weeks after planting with a solution of Cycocel (100
mg /l), solution of Indole butyric acid (50 mg/l) and Benzyl adenine (50 mg /l). The
results indicated that foliar spray with IBA l

In order to study the correlation between CMV infection and increase in blood pressure among Iraqi patients, 201 blood samples were collected including; 88 male, 113 female hypertensive patients and 40 control samples. Patients sera were grouped into patients who are under medication (T), and patients who do not take any treat-ment for hypertension(NT). Samples were tested for CMV-IgM/IgG by ELISA, ren-in enzyme and interleukin-6(IL-6) levels were determined by ELISA too. The opti-cal density readings difference for CMV-IgG were significant between (T) and (NT) groups as well as when each group compared to control, level of renin enzyme showed significant difference between patients group(T and NT) and between each group compared to the

In this paper a two dimensional numerical simulation have been applied using
MATLAB program for generating Fraunhofer diffraction pattern from different
apertures. This pattern is applied for three types of apertures, including, circular,
square, and rectangular functions, and it's could be generated any wavelength in the
visible light. The studying demonstrated the capability and the efficiency of optical
imaging systems to observe a point source at very long distance. The circular
aperture shows better results across the shape of Fraunhofer pattern and optical
transfer function (otf). Also, the minimum values of the normalized irradiance of
different diffracted apertures have been computed at different dimension

In this paper, thirty six samples of canned vegetables were collected randomly from
different markets in Baghdad city from October 2013 till March 2014. The study
includes identifying the concentration of some heavy metals (lead, nickel, zinc and iron)
by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometery. It was found that the higher
concentrations of heavy metals in canned vegetables, was lead 1.179 ppm in olive,
nickel 0.9078 ppm in olive, while zinc 10.143 ppm green peas and iron 90.601ppm in
white asparagus; but the lower concentrations represents with lead 0.0021 ppm in green
asparagus, nickel 0.0202 ppm in mushroom, while zinc 0.528 ppm in white asparagus
and iron 4.061 ppm in green peas. Canned food has been r

As result of exposure in low light-level are images with only a small number of
photons. Only the pixels in which arrive the photopulse have an intensity value
different from zero. This paper presents an easy and fast procedure for simulating
low light-level images by taking a standard well illuminated image as a reference.
The images so obtained are composed by a few illuminated pixels on a dark
background. When the number of illuminated pixels is less than 0.01% of the total
pixels number it is difficult to identify the original object.

An experimental investigation of the laser engraved process is carried out on.2.5 mm.thick acrylic Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA).using Carbon Dioxide,(CO2) laser. PMMA is a typical polymer.suitable for manufacturing microfluidic chips (Y shape). Fabrication parameters have an influence on the mechanical properties of the manufactured components. The effects of laser power (20, 40, and 60 W) and scanning speed (250, 350, and 500 mm /s) were evaluated on the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of microfluidic chips. With an increase in laser power and a decrease in scanning speed, the stacking of melt pools became more organized, pores were less visible, and mechanical characteristics improved. At a power density of 60 W and a s