Let  be a non-zero right module over a ring  with identity. The weakly second submodules is studied in this paper. A non-zero submodule  of   is weakly second Submodule when  ,  where ,  and  is a submodule of  implies either  or   . Some connections between these modules and other related modules are investigated and number of conclusions  and characterizations are gained.

     Diabetes mellitus is a form of metabolic disorder where patients are incapable to organize glucose metabolism. The most common types are Type I and Type II, constituting about 10% and 90% of cases, respectively. The cause of type I diabetes, which usually spreads in children and adolescents, is the disability of the endocrine system to produce insulin. On the other hand, The most common type of diabetes,  type II diabetes, is often presented in adults. It is usually presented as a collection of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance. This work was done to estimate the count of microbiota in diabetics to find an appraoch for detection and follow-up treatment. The count of two types of bacteria Lactobac

The protective effect of vitamin E against acetaminophen (paracetamol) induced
hyperlipidemia in female rabbits was tested. Twenty female rabbits were randomly
divided into four groups (five animals in each group). The first group was dosed
with acetaminophen at 200 mg/kg (BW). The second group was dosed with 50
mg/kg. BW of vitamin E and the third group was treated with 200 mg/kg (BW) of
acetaminophen and 50 mg/kg (BW) of vitamin E, while the last was administered
with distilled water and considered as a control group. These animals were orally
dosed using a micropipette for 14 days.
The results showed that there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in serum
cholesterol, triglycerides, low-

In this paper a mathematical model that analytically as well as numerically
the flow of infection disease in a population is proposed and studied. It is
assumed that the disease divided the population into five classes: immature
susceptible individuals (S1) , mature individuals (S2 ) , infectious individual
(I ), removal individuals (R) and vaccine population (V) . The existence,
uniqueness and boundedness of the solution of the model are discussed. The
local and global stability of the model is studied. Finally the global dynamics of
the proposed model is studied numerically.

     The work in this paper focuses on solving numerically and analytically a  nonlinear social epidemic model that represents an initial value problem  of ordinary differential equations. A recent moking habit model from Spain is applied and studied here. The accuracy and convergence of the numerical and approximation results are investigated for various methods; for example, Adomian decomposition, variation iteration, Finite difference and Runge-Kutta. The discussion of the present results has been tabulated and graphed. Finally, the comparison between the analytic and numerical solutions from the period 2006-2009 has been obtained by absolute and difference measure error.

The study of Mars's ionosphere was made by investigating the measurements of the electron density (Ne) depending of the variation of the solar activities through different local time, different seasons, and different altitudes. The datasets has been taken from MARSIS on board the Mars Express spacecraft, the investigation for the solar indices and the electron density (Ne) have been made for two period of time depending on the strength of the geomagnetic storms, the first one was taken when the geomagnetic storms was low as in years (1998 & 2005), the data was chosen for three seasons of these years, Winter (December), Summer (June) and Spring (April). The second period was taken for the years (2001 & 2002) when the geomagnetic s

Giardia lamblia is considered as one of most parasites that causes diarrhea in human. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between giardiasis and ABO and Rhesus blood groups among local population. ABO and Rhesus blood groups were determined for 94 patients who gave positive result for Giardia infection. The ABO and Rhesus blood groups of these patients were compared with those of 196 non infected patients.
The frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groups in infected patients does not differ significantly from those in non infected patients. ABO and Rhesus blood groups may not interfere with Giardia infection.

A total of 10 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates was collected from burns and wounds patients in different Erbil hospitals.
Nine of these isolates were resistant to Ampicillin, Gentamycin, Ciproflaxacin, Cephalexin, Erythomycin, and Chloramphenicol, but sensitive to Naladixic acid, Cortimoxazol and Polymexin-B. While the isolate P. E 10 is resistant to Naladixic acid in addition to above.
The bacterium was found to contain two plasmid bands on agarose gel.
Transformation revealed that the resistance to the antibiotics was encoded by non- conjugative plasmids while no correlation was found with virulence determinants.

The motivation we address in this paper is to find out a generic method used to
segment and classify different types of conceptual images. A novel median based
method was proposed as primary stage for image segmentation, in which the image is
partitioned into fixed sized quadrants called kernels. The size of kernels in a specific
image is determined according to the spectral uniformity measurements. Later, Ant
Colony Optimization (ACO) is used to find out the optimal number of classes may exist
in the image, and then classify the image in terms of the determined classes. Different
types of images with different semantic concepts were used to test the proposed
classification method. The results obta

Hemolysin- of Staphylococcus aureus was purifed by cooling centrifuge at 6.000 r.p.m. for 1/2 hr. And fliterate by using milipore filter (0.22 m).
The effect of crude hemolysin on phagocytosis process was studied by measuring the phagocytic index for 20 blood sample which was collected from healthy with control blood samples.
From the result we found that the phagoctic index of blood sample which was treated with -hemolysin was 52.2% while the phagocyte index of control blood sample was 76.6%

A condense study was done for Some times -pool estimator of reliability function
of exponential distribution for time concord data. The estimator ( )
~
2 R t is adjusted to
be
( ) {[exp( | )] [exp( | ( ˆ ˆ ] }
~
2 0 R 1 1 2 2 R R t  t  I  nt K n  n  I
We proposed the estimator
( ) {[exp( ˆ (1 ) )] [exp( ( ˆ ˆ ) | ( )] }
~
3 1 0 R 1 0 1 2 0 0 1 2 R R t  tK   K  I  t n r  n r n  n I 
Study and derivative the equation of bias, MSE, size of data, and relative efficiency
for the proposed estimator and compare with similar and classical estimators, and
given some numerical results to show the efficiency o

People who work on the analysis of seismic refection data usually use highly sophisticated software particularly when it is related to oil exploration data. In this article it will be shown how simple software like Reflex (2008) can deal with the seismic data with efficiency not less than professional software. Data of two seismic lines that were executed at Mansouriayah Oil field were used. After the filtering and processing reverse faults were detected. These faults isolate the top of Mansouriayah fold to form a gas reservoir. These types of reverse faults, which appear at the south western limb of the Mansouriayah fold, are also noticed for most High Folded Zone mountains. They are Gravity collapse faults that usually develop on both

Dust storms phenomenon were studied qualitatively in this research with the aides of Meteosat-9 images that has been used for monitoring the path and coverage of the dust storm. The monitoring of dust storm movement were done by using true colour composite image supplied by Europe’s meteorological satellite agency EUMETSAT. The Image processing techniques are applied by using ERDAS 8.4 package, where in the first step the images are corrected by Geometric Correction technique for the purpose of obtaining images from which to read the real geographical coordinates. Dust storm coverage area was calculated by using the supervise classification mechanism, as well as been identifying and tracking the change of dust cloud during different st

Computer simulation have been developed to calculate the dates, ecliptical,
equatorial and horizontal coordinates every month at al Najaf holy city. The new
moon starts at the moment when the ecliptic longitude of the sun matches that of the
moon, i.e., the difference between them vanishes. The program can be used to
predict the birth dates of the moon for the next ten year or more.

Due to the increased of information existing on the World Wide Web (WWW), the subject of how to extract new and useful knowledge from the log file has gained big interest among researchers in data mining and knowledge discovery topics.
Web miming, which is a subset of data mining divided into three particular ways, web content mining, web structure mining, web usage mining. This paper is interested in server log file, which is belonging to the third category (web usage mining). This file will be analyzed according to the suggested algorithm to extract the behavior of the user. Knowing the behavior is coming from knowing the complete path which is taken from the specific user.
Extracting these types of knowledge required many of KDD

Carbohydrates (polysaccharides ) were extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
cell wall by hot alkaline solution, the polysaccharides concentration was 96 mg /ml ,
while protein concentration was 500 μg /ml ,then primary purification method was
done to separated carbohydrates from other protein materials, at this time ,
carbohydrates concentration was 250 mg /ml, while protein concentration was 148
μg /ml .Then partial purification using Ion exchange technique was done, and the
results revealed ,four peaks were separated ,every peak was collected ,dialysed , and
measured the carbohydrates concentration which were 300, 50, 33.4 and 32 mg/ml
respectively, while Lawery method did not detect any prot

A principal problem of any internet user is the increasing number of spam, which became a great problem today. Therefore, spam filtering has become a research fo-cus that attracts the attention of several security researchers and practitioners. Spam filtering can be viewed as a two-class classification problem. To this end, this paper proposes a spam filtering approach based on Possibilistic c-Means (PCM) algorithm and weighted distance coined as (WFCM) that can efficiently distinguish between spam and legitimate email messages. The objective of the formulated fuzzy problem is to construct two fuzzy clusters: spam and email clusters. The weight assignment is set by information gain algorithm. Experimental results on spam based benchmark

The interaction of H2 and H2S with tungsten, and of H2S with hydrogen-covered tungsten, has bean investigated in the field emission microscope. A number of chemisorbed states with varying heats of adsorption have been identified throughout H2 adsorption at a pressure of 10-5Nm-2 and 78K on tungsten. When H2S was adsorbed at 295K and gas pressure of 10-5Nm-2 on clean tungsten surface a preferential interaction occurred along the (111) zones. An increase in the average work function of 0.3V has been found for the process. Desorption of hydrogen, resulting from H2S adsorption, began at 1270K. Migration of the remaining sulphur began at 1400K while desorption occurred above 1500K and was complete at 1870K. Activation energies for the desorpt

Pure Poly [Allylamine-Co-Butadiene] having high molecular weight was prepared for the first time from the reduction of the Poly [Acrylonitrile-Co-Butadiene] using Lithium Aluminium hydride. Softening point of the prepared polymer was (201-207)C, conversion percent was 88%, with intrinsic viscosity of the new polymer in benzene as a solvent was 1.56.
Then the new polymer was allowed to react with six acid anhydrides, (Maleic, Phthalic, Succinic, Glutaric, 1,8-Naphthalic and cis 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophthalic) to produce six novel pendant polymers which contain the acids reffered above in its recurrent units. The prepared poly [N-(ally)substituted amic acid-Co-butadiene] polymers were characterized using FTIR, H-NMR, and some specific

The Barremain-Aptian succession represented by two types of deposits, Clasits deposits of Zubair Formation. This formation is the most significant sandstone reservoir in Iraq, Deposited in fluvio- deltaic, deltaic and marine environments during the Barremain to Early Aptian age.

The area of study is located in the Mesopotamian Zone at S

The Barremain-Aptian succession represented by the Clasits deposits of Zubair Formation. This formation is the most significant sandstone reservoir in Iraq which deposited in fluvio- deltaic, deltaic and marine environments during the Barremain to Early Aptian age. The area of study is located in the Mesopotamian Zone at Southern part of Iraq which represented by five oil fields (Nasira, L

Geophysical and petrographic evaluation of the earth’s subsurface is of vital concern, especially prior to geotechnical and hydrogeology works. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) of Ire-Akari Estate of Apatapiti Community in Akure South was carried out to assess the effects of the petrographic properties of charnockitic rocks on the geotechnical and hydrogeologic systems. The three curve types identified within the study area are AA, KH and HA, with a predominance of KH curve type, which suggests that the predominant geologic sequence comprising the topsoil has a clayey content alternating with laterite. This is underlain by weathered layer and fresh bedrock. Petrographic analyses revealed the presence of plagioclase (Albite-Anort

The demarcation in general and maritime borders in particular is an important process between any two states to define their respective regional Borders and their economic resources. This research is focused on the way in which demarcation took place between Iraq's maritime borders on the one hand and the Kuwaiti side on the other. Through satellite technology (Landsat8) and GIS can be identified the area and how the demarcation was done. The most important in addition, positive points of the demarcation have been explained. It was given a full description of the importance of the economic zone and Highlighting Iraq's most important marine facilities. More than one map of Iraq can be integrated and redesigned by GIS. This work has been t

    Semantic segmentation is effective in numerous object classification tasks such as autonomous vehicles and scene understanding. With the advent in the deep learning domain, lots of efforts are seen in applying deep learning algorithms for semantic segmentation. Most of the algorithms gain the required accuracy while compromising on their storage and computational requirements. The work showcases the implementation of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), where DCT exhibit exceptional energy compaction properties. The proposed Adaptive Weight Wiener Filter (AWWF) rearranges the DCT coefficients by truncating the high frequency coefficients. AWWF-DCT model reinstate the convolutional l

     Computer Aided Designing Tools of Electron Lenses (CADTEL) is a software packages cares about design, compute and plot simultaneously of the objective and projector properties of electron magnetic lenses. The developments in CADTEL software leads to contain a large fields and methods, adding to previous publish in 2013. The current improvement  is inserting of some  important parameters which are the resolution and focusing parameters. These parameters are angular semi-angle (α), focusing power (β), resolution limit (δ), image rotation (θ), spherical aberration (C_s), defocus (ΔZ), wave aberration (Χ_wab), depth of field (D_fld), and depth of focus (D_foc) a

The present study evaluates the insecticidal activity of (Acetone, 80% Methanol and water) crude leaf extract of AdhatodavasicaagainstBemisiatabaci. The extracts of (Acetone, Methanol 80%) showed 100, 86.6% mortality of nymphsBemisiatabaci at 5% concentration. Then the extracts of (Acetone, Methanol 80%) showed 100, 90% mortality of pupaBemisiatabaci at 5% concentration. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of (Flavones, Volatiles oils, Tannins, Saponines, Glycosides, Alkaloids,Resins and Terpenoids)in methanol80% crude extract. It can be concluded that the acetone and methanol crude leaf extract of A. vasicaNees can cause mortality in (nymphs, pupa) Bemisiatabaci, so it can be used asinsecticides.

Nowad ays, with the development of internet communication that provides many facilities to the user leads in turn to growing unauthorized access. As a result, intrusion detection system (IDS) becomes necessary to provide a high level of security for huge amount of information transferred in the network to protect them from threats. One of the main challenges for IDS is the high dimensionality of the feature space and how the relevant features to distinguish the normal network traffic from attack network are selected. In this paper, multi-objective evolutionary algorithm with decomposition (MOEA/D) and MOEA/D with the injection of a proposed local search operator are adopted to solve the Multi-objective optimization (MOO) followed by Naï

General medical fields and computer science usually conjugate together to produce impressive results in both fields using applications, programs and algorithms provided by Data mining field. The present research's title contains the term hygiene which may be described as the principle of maintaining cleanliness of the external body. Whilst the environmental hygienic hazards can present themselves in various media shapes e.g. air, water, soil…etc. The influence they can exert on our health is very complex and may be modulated by our genetic makeup, psychological factors and by our perceptions of the risks that they present. Our main concern in this research is not to improve general health, rather than to propose a data mining approach

Breast cancer was one of the most common reasons for death among the women in the world. Limited awareness of the seriousness of this disease, shortage number of specialists in hospitals and waiting the diagnostic for a long period time that might increase the probability of expansion the injury cases. Consequently, various machine learning techniques have been formulated to decrease the time taken of decision making for diagnoses the breast cancer and that might minimize the mortality rate. The proposed system consists of two phases. Firstly, data pre-processing (data cleaning, selection) of the data mining are used in the breast cancer dataset taken from the University of California, Irvine machine learning repository in this stage we

     Five hundred nasal swabs were taken from normal medical staff and public in the city of Baghdad. Several identification parameters were used to recognize the bacterial isolates.  S. aureus isolations form nasal swabs were identified using morphology and VITECK 2 system. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to determine PVL (Panton–Valentine leukocidin ) gene in S. aureus. The data showed no significant evidence on the relationship between PVL gene presence and gender and age of  the studied groups. There was no relation between the prevalence of PVL gene in the age groups  of  21-30 years (p=0.328) and 31-40 years (p=0.682).

The results showed that 38.4% and 37.5% S. aureus isolate

In this paper extensive examples and related counterexamples of the category of -skew -Armendariz rings are given. This category of rings regards a new generalization for the concepts of -skew Armendariz and skew -Armendariz rings. A ring is called -skew -Armendariz if for any ( ) Σ and ( ) Σ such that ( ) ( ) ( ), then ( ) ( ) for each and . First some general properties of -skew -Armendariz rings are studied and then relations between -skew -Armendariz rings and other related rings are investigated. Also various examples of non -skew -Armendariz rings are established.