Abnormal bleeding from the uterus is one of the most common concerns in gynecological clinics. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the histopathological characteristics of endometrial tissue samples in women suffering from peri-menopause and post-menopausal bleeding in Hillah, Iraq. This is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study on 110 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding who visited a private laboratory in Hillah, Iraq, from January 2022 to December 2023 and were hospitalized and underwent diagnostic curettage (C and D), total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH), bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) or TAH and BSO were placed. The results showed that the most common type of abnormal uterine bleeding among the women

Introduction: Endothelin-1gene is an important factor that can contribute to cardiovascular and kidney disorders. Numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Endothelin-1gene was related to many diseases and may be associated with complications of diabetes mellitus type II.This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Endothelin-1genetic polymorphism and DM type II in the Iraqi population.

 Methods: Blood samples were collected from patients with type II diabetes and control. PCR was applied to detect the Endothelin-1gene and conducted genetic sequences for Endothelin-1gene to detect SNPs (rs1800543, rs2070699, rs1476046, rs1762831452, new671, rs587777231, rs5877

     The selection of the most suitable land for cultivating a particular crop is one of the major problems facing the Ministry of Agriculture in general and farmers in particular, and this suitability for cultivation depends on many factors (natural and human), including soil type. This research used indicators, remote sensing, and spatial modeling to solve this problem. The method of band rationing was applied to calculate the salinity index (SI) and the Normalized Multi-Drought Index (NMDI) as a pre-processing for agricultural decision-making in specific areas in southern Iraq (Dhi Qar, Al-Khamisiyah), using the Landsat-8 satellite image of this area. Maximum likelihood classification was used to classify the study area into multi

     Epilepsy is recurrent unprovoked seizures with incidents of about 50 new cases per year per 100,000 people. Generalized seizures indicate abnormal electrical discharges starting synchronously from both sides of the cerebral hemispheres and spreading to the other neuronal brain networks. This study included an analysis of 200 diagnosed generalized epilepsies patients aged from 14 to 50 years old. The male-to-female ratio was 2:3, in which 40% were males and 60% were females . From Erbil Hospital, doctors collected the data during 2018-2024 manually from the outpatient clinic. The study aimed to test Levetiracetam (LEV) drug on 200 patients to predict its effectiveness in the treatment of generalized epilepsies and determine the s

     A modern, rapid RP-HPLC-UV method was developed and validated in compliance with FDA and EMA guidelines for simultaneous quantification of 15 β-lactam antibiotics) Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, cephalexin, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, cefamandole, cephalothin, piperacillin, penicillin, oxacillin, cloxacillin, nafcillin Carbenicillin, Mezlocillin and Dicloxacillin) in pharmaceutical formulations and pure forms. The method employs Column NEUCLEODUR C-18 (4.0 mm x 100 mm, 5µm particle size), at a temperature of thirty degrees Celsius, and the mobile phase was acetonitrile and KH₂PO₄ using gradient elution with a total separation time of 13 minutes, a flow rate of 1.3 ml/min, at = pH 4.5 for the buffer solution and the

Smoking exposes individuals to a range of harmful chemicals linked to various diseases and remains one of the most common unhealthy behaviors. The objectives of this research are to investigate the correlation between smoking and mtDNA-CN using measured levels of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) as an inflammatory response. The current study included 80 smokers and 60 non-smokers. The levels of IL-6 and hs-CRP were measured using the ELISA method, and mtDNA-CN was measured using quantitative real-time PCR. Our study showed that the relative mtDNA/nDNA ratio was lower in smokers compared to non-smokers (0.8186 vs. 1.740; p = 0.0001). The AUC value was 0.8442 (p < 0.0001). We also found t

We consider R is any ring with identity and  is a non-zero unitary left R-module. In this article we study the notions of large small submodules with ascending (descending) chain conditions on large small submodules. Also, we will discuss and study many basic properties about this concept that fulfills the chain condition with its generalization to the ring. Where a submodule  of  is said to be large small of  denoted by if for  such that  then  is essential in .

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing were used in this project to assess and monitor Umm Khashm Cemetery, one of Iraq's most significant ancient cemeteries. Over 140,000 incidents of grave robbing were found throughout the studied area, highlighting the pervasive problem of looting. By examining soil irregularities and the shadows produced by robbed tombs, satellite imagery, including high-resolution datasets from WorldView-2 and Google Earth, was utilized to identify instances of theft. The study shows how well remote sensing and GIS work to record and evaluate cultural heritage site deterioration, offering important information for conservation initiatives. The findings highlight these technologies' importance in saf

The most dependable source of fresh water is groundwater. Several factors, including urbanization, industry, and population growth, seriously endanger groundwater supplies. The amount and quality of groundwater supplies are significantly impacted by climate change. The Erbil sub-basin is the area of the study, where groundwater rather than surface water is the primary supply for agricultural and residential purposes. To determine the possible groundwater zones, many parameters such as rainfall, elevation, slope, drainage density, land use and cover, and lineament density are created as separate layers using GIS techniques and then put through a weighted overlay analysis. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was utilized to assign the w

This study was done at the Biotechnology Research Center/Al-Nahrain University to elucidate the activity of aqueous extract of olibanum after twenty days on glucose, lipids, and oxidation in diabetes-induced rats by using Alloxan (100 mg/kg). Twenty male rats aged 6 weeks and weighing 180±3g were categorised into four groups, five rats for each: group 1 (control) given distilled water, group 2: diabetic (no treatment), group 3: diabetic group given (150 mg\kg) of olibanum aqueous extract and group 4: healthy rats (non-diabetic) given aqueous extract. The results revealed that the rise in blood glucose was accompanied by an increase in triglycerides, cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein in diabetic rats.

     The Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region is widely used for fungal identification in complex biological specimens. Fusarium is an opportunistic fungus responsible for a range of diseases in both plants and humans. This study aimed to identify Fusarium species at the species level and investigate their genetic variation. The ITS region of eighteen isolates was amplified by universal ITS primers (ITS1 and ITS4) using PCR. The PCR products of the ITS regions with a molecular weight of 588 bp were sent for sequencing, and then analyzed the sequence results by blast in the National Centre Biotechnology Information (NCBI) online to detect genetic variation in ITS regions. Phylogenetic analysis was compared with N

     In this research, we investigated the impact of toxins in a predator -prey paradigm where several externally harmful chemicals directly infect the prey. During feeding, the predator indirectly inherits the detrimental health. To investigate the impact of toxin-producing prey on the predator population, a mathematical model is made public. It is believed that the poison emitted by the prey population has a deleterious effect on the quantity of predators. In this paper the stability and Bifurcation, be modeled. As demonstrated by the numerical aspect addressed, the numerical solution showed that changing the parameters has an effect on the model.  The results are explained by numerical simulations. The system is

In this paper, a class of analytic and multivalent functions and its various properties is introduced, by using Generalized Bernardi-Libera-Livingston of Integral Operator which is defined on the open unite disk U. Coefficient bounds, distortion theorem, closure and radii of star likeness, convexity are obtained.